Rubbing, also known as rubbings and rubbings, is an art form that transfers graphic information from hard materials such as stone carvings and woodcuts to paper or other carriers through special methods.

The rubbings originated in China and can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty, with a history of more than 2,000 years. The production process of rubbings includes material selection, beating, inking, rubbings and other steps, which need to be completed by skilled craftsmen.

The rubbings have high artistic value and historical value. They not only retain the original appearance of ancient inscriptions, but also provide valuable information for future generations to study ancient Chinese characters, calligraphy and painting. In the history of China, many famous painters and painters created and studied based on rubbings. In addition, rubbings also have certain collection value, and many collectors regard them as treasures.

With the development of science and technology, modern printing technology has been able to accurately copy graphic information on hard materials such as stone carvings and woodcuts, but the unique charm and sense of history of rubbings cannot be replaced. Therefore, as a traditional art form, rubbings are still widely concerned and loved in China and even around the world.

Common types of rubbings:

1. Inscription: Inscription is a kind of rubbings, which is mainly used to copy and learn calligraphy works on ancient inscriptions. The process of making stone tablets includes selecting materials, beating, inking, rubbing and other steps, which need to be completed by skilled craftsmen.

2. Stone rubbings: Stone rubbings refer to rubbing graphic information on hard materials such as metal objects and stone tools. Jinshi rubbings have high historical value and artistic value, providing valuable information for the study of ancient culture.

3. Woodblock rubbings: Woodblock rubbings refer to rubbings of woodcut prints. Woodblock prints originated in China and have a long history, which is one of the traditional intangible cultural heritages in China.

4. Brick rubbings: Brick rubbings refer to the patterns and text rubbings on the bricks of ancient buildings. Brick carving reflects the style and skills of ancient architecture and has high artistic and historical value.

5. Oracle Bone Inscriptions rubbings: Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the earliest mature writing in ancient China, mainly carved on tortoise shells and animal bones. Oracle Bone Inscriptions rubbings are Oracle Bone Inscriptions rubbings, which provide valuable information for the study of ancient philology.