Problem description:
The more detailed the better, it is used to write about the tourism accumulation of the ancient capital. It is best to be close to history.
Analysis:
Luoyang, formerly "Luoyang", was a part of Yuzhou in ancient times. It is named because it is located in the sun of Luohe. Because there are two waters in Iraq and Luoyang, it is also called Ilo. It is connected with Zhengzhou in the east, Nanyang in Pingdingshan in the south, Sanmenxia in the west and Jiaozuo across the Yellow River in the north.
history
Luoyang is a famous historical and cultural city in China, a key tourist city and one of the four ancient capitals in China. Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang, Houliang, Later Tang and Later Jin dynasties all established their capitals here. Luoyang, whose capital has been established for nearly a thousand years, is the second longest city in the history of China, second only to Xi 'an. Luoyang was ruled by the Henan government in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the Commissioner's Office was set up in the Republic of China. 1948 was located in Luoyang city, but the county level belonged to Luoyang area. 1956 was promoted to a prefecture-level city (a provincial city).
Geographical climate
Luoyang is located in the west of Henan Province, China, across the middle reaches of the Yellow River. There are the Yellow River, Luohe, yi river, Jianhe and Chanhe. Hulao Pass in the east, Hanguguan in the west, Mangshan in the north and Funiu Mountain in the south. Adjacent to Songshan Mountain in Zhongyue. Since ancient times, it is not only a battleground for military strategists, but also an ideal place for emperors to build their capitals and cities. "Rivers and mountains are crowned, and love is in the world."
Luoyang is a small basin in western Henan, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. The landform is complex and diverse, including mountains, hills, plains and basins.
Luoyang's climate belongs to warm temperate continental monsoon climate: four distinct seasons, less cold rain and snow in winter, more drought and strong winds in spring, high temperature, rainy and concentrated in summer, and sunny and hot in autumn. The annual average temperature is 14.7℃, and the annual average rainfall is 60 1.6 mm.
administrative division
It now governs 6 districts 1 8 counties of the city:
Municipal districts: jianxi district, Xigong District, Old Town, Chanhe District, Luolong District and Geely District.
County-level city: yanshi city.
Counties: Mengjin County, Xin 'an County, Yiyang County, Yichuan County, Songxian County, Ruyang County, Luoning County and Luanchuan County.
economy
Historically, Luoyang lived in the heart of China. Together with Chang 'an, it has been the second capital of the East and the West for more than 2,000 years and the political, economic and cultural center of China. It declined after the Yuan Dynasty. The traditional economy of Luoyang city in modern times (from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China) was not supported by farming economy. According to the old people, in the past, residents in Luoyang lived by selling cultural relics, that is, robbing tombs, and even invented Luoyang shovel, a famous archaeological tool at home and abroad.
Modern Luoyang is a new heavy industrial city after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and it is one of the key industrial centers in the First Five-Year Plan. Among the 156 key projects aided by the Soviet Union, there are seven in Luoyang. Some heavy industries related to military industry, such as tractors, bearings, mining machinery and copper processing, are leading the country. However, with the exposure of some system problems after the reform, it was very difficult for large state-owned heavy industry enterprises in the 1990s. In recent years, due to the successful operation of * * *, the development of Luoyang has recovered rapidly, mainly in the machinery industry, and metallurgical, building materials, petrochemical, textile, food and other industries have also begun to recover. This is a revitalized industrial city.
Luoyang attaches great importance to the development of tourism resources and vigorously develops the tourism economy while developing industry from the two roads of "industrial city" and "tourist city". Luoyang's three treasures "Tang Sancai, Palace Lantern and Imitation Bronze" are famous products of traditional crafts. Dukang wine is a famous wine in China with a history of more than 2,500 years.
traffic
Railways: Longhai, Liu Jiao Railway, electrification of Longhai double track 1984.
National Highway: Liantian and Jinxiang trunk highways meet here. The Yellow River Highway Bridge runs through the north and south of the Yellow River.
Expressway: Lianhuo, Taiao and Luoshao expressways run through it.
Airport: Luoyang Airport (LYA). Good clearance, the highest annual take-off and landing days in domestic airports.
resources
This area is rich in biological resources. There are Huashan pine, fir, birch, oil birch and other tree species. There are also precious medicinal materials such as Codonopsis pilosula, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Saposhnikovia divaricata and Gastrodia elata.
Luoyang peony is well-known at home and abroad, and is known as "Luoyang peony is the best in the world".
Animal resources rank first in Henan Province, including roe deer, mink, otter, giant salamander and many rare birds.
Rich in mineral resources, including gold, molybdenum, lead, aluminum and copper.
The main crops are wheat, corn, cotton and tobacco.
Population and residents
The total population is more than 6.3 million, and the urban population is 6.5438+0.4 million.
Luoyang is a place where many nationalities live together. There are 32 ethnic groups in the city, including 6.02 million Han people, accounting for 98.8% of the total population, and nearly 80,000 other ethnic minorities, accounting for 1.2% of the total population. There are * * *, Manchu and Mongolian people with large populations.
Luoyang is an immigrant city with residents from all over China. After the famine in the early years of the Republic of China, the population of Luoyang decreased greatly, and many people fled to neighboring provinces (such as Shaanxi). After the founding of New China, a large number of intellectuals and workers moved to Luoyang from Northeast China, Shanghai and Jiangsu. These people and their descendants account for a high proportion of Luoyang's urban population, accounting for about 40%. However, with the relative backwardness of Henan's development in recent years, these people have gradually moved out (to bigger cities or other places). From the distribution point of view, jianxi district and Xigong District in this city have the largest number of foreign immigrants, mainly because this area is the new area of Luoyang and the gathering area of large state-owned enterprises, and the usage rate of Putonghua in this area is the highest, while the old city and Chanhe * * * District are mostly indigenous people, and industry and commerce lag behind first.
cultural tour
Luoyang is also the cradle of China culture, where Tao Te Ching, Han Shu and Zi Tongzhi Sword are all written. Longmen Grottoes is one of the three treasure houses of stone carving art in China.
From the Book of Hutuluo to the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius and Laozi discussed etiquette and righteousness here. In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng invented the seismograph here and wrote "Erjing Fu". During the Six Dynasties, there appeared the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest in Jian 'an. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai and Du Fu wrote wine poems here, and Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen sang in pairs here. Sima Guang of the Song Dynasty compiled "A Mirror of Capitalism and Tongzhi" here.
peony
The climate and soil in Luoyang are very suitable for peony planting, so peony flowers in Luoyang are very famous. Peony is known as the "king of flowers", and there is a poem saying that "Luoyang is the most suitable flower, and peony is the world's wonder". Usually, people will praise Luoyang peony for its elegance. The specialized cultivation of peony in Luoyang can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty or earlier. It is said that Wu Zetian invited flowers to celebrate her birthday, but unexpectedly the peony of Kao arrived late. Wu Zetian was furious and demoted the peony to Luoyang. Today, Luoyang * * * also attaches importance to the cultivation of peony as one of the tourism resources for economic development. There are several large peony planting bases in urban and suburban areas, which have both tourism and scientific research functions, and each base has a direct bus from the railway station.
places of historic interest and scenic beauty
Longmen Grottoes: Located in the west of Longmen Mountain, about 0/4km south of Luoyang, it is one of the three treasure houses of stone carving art in China and listed as a world cultural heritage. The famous caves are Guyang Cave, Binyang Cave, Wanfo Cave and Kamyu Temple.
Baima Temple: Located 7 kilometers east of Luoyang, it is the first temple built after Buddhism was introduced into China. It is called "the source of Buddhism" and "ancestral temple" and "the first ancient temple in China".
Guanlin Temple is the cenotaph of Guan Yu, the general of Shu State in the Three Kingdoms period.
Baiyuan Garden, located in the east of Longmen Mountain, is the tomb of Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty.
The Tomb Museum is the first underground tomb museum in China.
Qiantang Zhizhai, located in tiemen town, Xin 'an County, 50 kilometers west of Luoyang, is the largest concentration of epitaphs and stone carvings in China. There are more than 400 stone carvings185, including Tang Zhi 1 185, so it is called "Qian Tang Zhi Zhai", also known as stone carving Tang Shi.
Baiyun Mountain is located 88 kilometers south of Luoyang. It is a natural virgin forest, covering an area of more than 40,000 mu, with majestic peaks. There are 37 peaks above 1.500 meters above sea level, and Yuhuang Peak is the highest peak in the Central Plains at an altitude of 22 1.6 meters.
Chongdugou
Longyuwan
tianchi hill
Muzhaling
Daobeigou
Mount Huaguoshan
Jiguan Cave is located in the southwest of Luoyang 160 km, which is a natural limestone cave. The total length of the cave 1800 meters, with an ornamental area of 23,000 square meters. The stalactites in the cave are unique in shape and magnificent in scenery, and are called the first cave in the north.
Luoyang peony enjoys a long-standing reputation and is well-known at home and abroad. The "Peony Flower Exhibition" held from April 15 to 25 every year is flooded with tourists. From April 8 to May 8, 2005, "Peony Flower Exhibition" was held.
Xiaolangdi Reservoir of the Yellow River
Xuanzang's hometown is located in Chenhe Village, Daishi Town, 30 kilometers east of Luoyang City. Later generations built the Tang Priest Temple to commemorate the outstanding achievements of Xuanzang, a traveler, translator and Buddhist in the Tang Dynasty. A well-preserved hall in the temple was rebuilt in the 30th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1904). It is surrounded by mountains and waters and has pleasant scenery.
The Eastern Zhou Cultural Square includes the Chemakeng Museum, which covers an area of about 1.200 square meters, and is mainly composed of Chemakeng Exhibition Hall and Eastern Zhou Cultural Relics Exhibition Hall.
Cultural sites include Yangshao site, Hongqitun site, Wangwan site and Erlitou site.
Places of interest include Luoyang Baguan, Taishi Pavilion, Songyang Academy, Shanshan Guild Hall, Western Han mural tomb, Zhongyue Temple, Tallinn and Guanlin.
scientific research
Luoyang bearings institute national bearings testing center
China Yi Tuo Technology Center National Tractor Testing Center
Luoyang Institute of Refractory Materials
Luoyang liming chemical industry institute
Luoyang air-to-air missile research institute
China Yihang Luoyang 6 13 Institute
Luoyang mining mechanism research institute
China Petrochemical Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company
education
Henan University of Science and Technology was formerly Luoyang Institute of Technology. It was formed by the merger of Luoyang Institute of Technology, Luoyang Agricultural College and Luoyang Medical College.
Luoyang University
* * * The School of Foreign Languages has the oldest and most prestigious training base for senior foreign language talents.
Luoyang Normal University was formerly Luoyang Normal University. Excellent teacher training base.
Luoyang Institute of Technology was formerly Luoyang Institute of Building Materials. Key universities of the Ministry of Construction.
Luoyang No.1 Middle School is one of the oldest middle schools in Luoyang and the first batch of demonstration high schools in Henan Province.
Drag the first batch of demonstration high schools in Henan Province.
Axis I Middle School is the first batch of demonstration high schools in Henan Province.
Jinmeng No.1 Middle School is a key middle school in Mengjin County and the first batch of demonstration high schools in Henan Province.
Xin 'an No.1 Middle School is a key middle school in Xin 'an County and Luoyang City.
sister city
Okayama, Japan ended on April 6th 198 1.