According to the Biography of Women in the Later Han Dynasty, Cai Yan, also known as Wenxi, was quoted as Biography of Women. The year of birth and death is unknown. Li was the daughter of Cai Yong, a great writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "The Biography of Nu Wa in the Later Han Dynasty" records that she married Wei Zhongdao first, and her husband died and returned home. Later, due to the invasion of Xiongnu, Cai Yan was abducted by Xiongnu, married to Xiongnu, and gave birth to two children. 12 years later, Cao Cao unified the north, redeemed Cai Wenji with a large sum of money, and married him to Dongsi. ?
In the second year of Xingping in history (195), Dong Zhuo and successively made an insurrection in Guanzhong of the Central Plains, and the Xiongnu took the opportunity to plunder, and Cai Yan was taken away by Zuo. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (207), Cao Cao always loved literature and calligraphy, and often had literary and calligraphy exchanges with Cai Yan's father Cai Yong. When Cao Cao saw that Cai Yong had no children, he rescued Cai Wenji from the Huns with Jinbi and married Dongsi.
Then Dong Si committed a capital crime, Cai Yan went to intercede with Cao Cao, and Dong Si also went. At that time, Cao Cao was hosting a banquet for officials and celebrities and said to all the guests, "Cai Yong's daughter is outside. Let everyone meet her today. " Cai Yan's long hair and bare feet, kowtowing and confession, clear words and sour emotions touched all the guests. However, Cao Cao said, "However, the documents for reducing the crime have been sent out. What should we do? "
Cai Yan said, "There are thousands of good horses in your stable and countless brave foot soldiers. You also set aside a fast horse to save a dying life? " Cao Cao was finally moved by Cai Wenji and pardoned Dong Si. Cai Yan wrote two sorrowful poems after returning home. ?
The reason why Cao Cao went to great lengths to get Cai Wenji back to the big fellow is mainly to admire his talent. After Cai Yan returned to Han Dynasty, she wrote two poems of mourning and anger, one in five words and one in Sao style. Among them, Wuyanben, which focuses on Sentimental Parting, is an emotional narrative poem and the first autobiographical long narrative poem written by literati in the history of China poetry. Zhang Yugu, a poetic theorist in Qing Dynasty, once wrote a poem praising Cai Wenji's five-character poem: "Wenxi wants to crush Wen Jun, and" Sorrow and indignation "is a long article. The old Du family lived in the Seventh Division of Cao Cao, and the incense can also reach the hairpin skirt. " ?
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As for temperament, Wenxi also made a lot of achievements. His work "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" is an ancient China Yuefu lyric poem with 1297 words, and it is a vocal suite composed of 18 songs. The original issue of Guo Maoqian's Poems of Song Yuefu (Volume 59) and Zhu's Comments on Chu Ci (Volume 3) are slightly different. ?
Lu Shiyong, a Ming Dynasty man, said in "A General Theory of Poetry and Mirrors": "When the wind in Tokyo wanes, Cai Wenji will become a talent in Ying Ying. Reading "Hu Yiyin" can make people feel shocked, and the wind and sand are flying, which is really fierce. " ?
Wen Xi's versatility stems from his father. Father Cai Yong is a great calligrapher, who created eight-point fonts. According to "Xuan He Shu Pu", there were more than eight speakers. On the one hand, Wang Cizhong of Shanggu in the Eastern Han Dynasty changed the word "Li" to "Kai" and changed it from Kai to Ba. Cai Xi's comprehensive statement is also true. One said, "If you go to the official script, you will get eight points, and you will get two points.": If you go to the seal script for two points, you will get eight points, so it is called eight points. " . This Cai Yan speaks his father's brave language.
Cai Yan's handwriting is also very good. Han Yu once said: "The corps commander (Cai Yong) has a woman who can carry on the family line." Cai Yan once wrote ancient books silently at the request of Cao Cao, saying that he could write both portrait books and cursive scripts. ?
According to "History of Women in the Later Han Dynasty", it was very cold when Moon Hee interceded for her husband Dongsi. Cao Cao saw that Cai Yan had no shoes to wear and let her hair hang freely, so she put on a headscarf and shoes and socks. Cai Yan's father, Cai Yong, once collected many ancient books. Cao Cao asked Cai Yan, "I heard that your family has many ancient books. Do you remember them now? "
Cai Yan said: "At the beginning, my father left me more than 4,000 books, but because of the war and displacement, very few books were preserved. Now I can only write down more than 400 books. " Cao Cao said, "Can I send ten people to write it down with my wife?"
Cai Yan said, "Men and women don't give or receive. Give me a pen and paper and I'll write it to you alone." So Cai Yan wrote down the contents of his ancient books and gave them to Cao Cao. As a result, surprisingly, the content dictated by it from memory is exactly the same as the original. Cao Cao is proud of this and thinks it is a great achievement to protect talented women for his country.
Based on this historical fact and the story background of Cao Cao's redemption, later generations compiled "Moon Hee Belongs to Han". The adapted Peking Opera and other operas all have Moon Hee plays belonging to Han, and painters of past dynasties have also drawn cartoons such as Moon Hee belonging to Han.
There are many operas described, such as Guo Moruo's drama and Kunqu Opera Cai Wenji, Cheng's Peking Opera Yue Xi Gui Han and Li Shiji's adaptation. At the same time, local operas also have the same content. In Peking Opera plays, Cai Wenji belongs to the leading role, including Cai Wenji played by Peking Opera actors Li Haiyan and Li Peihong, and Cai Wenji played by Yue Opera actor Qi Yaxian. ?
About 100 meters northwest of Caiwangzhuang Village, Lisan Town, Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, it is the tomb of Cai Wenji, with a height of about 8 meters and lush trees, belonging to the key cultural relics protection units in Shaanxi Province. In the 1990s, Lantian County built another Moon Hee Exhibition Hall here to show anecdotes of Moon Hee and cultural relics unearthed in China, and carved Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia and a statue of Cai Wenji on the 18 blue marble in front of the tomb. ?
Cai Wenji Memorial Hall is based on Cai Wenji's tomb. 1957 was listed as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit by Shaanxi provincial government in August. There is a "Life Exhibition of Cai Wenji" in the museum, which introduces in detail Cai Wenji's life story and social customs in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. There are also "Lantian Cultural Relics Exhibition" and the stone carving of "Eighteen Beats of Hu Family" by Shu Dan, a famous modern calligrapher.
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