"One Cave in the Temple" is an artificial cave with its back facing the river. This is an artificial sandstone cave, 4 meters high, 2.2 meters deep and 3.8 meters wide ... There are three characters of "Dianyi Cave" engraved on the forehead of the cave door, and there are couplets saying: "The source of Luoshui is honest and upright, and a generation of masters pushed the Northern Song Dynasty; The Minjiang River crosses the river, connecting the past and the future, and the Millennium cowpea is changed to Xichuan. " The central attraction is a 400-meter-long, 20-meter-high cliff stone carving with more than 80 celebrity calligraphy works by Huang Tingjian, Zhu, Lu You and Wang Shizhen. There is a stupa and several shrines on the cliff. On the cave wall, there is the word "Luo Yi Yuan Yuan" inscribed by Shi Yantian in Qing Dynasty.
Dianyi Cave was named after Cheng Yi, a famous Neo-Confucianism and educator in the Northern Song Dynasty, who annotated the Book of Changes here. Cheng Yi (1033— 1 107) was born in Luoyang (now Yichuan County, Henan Province). In eighteen years, he visited imperial academy, and was awarded the academic position because On Yan Zi's Learning. When I was young, I studied Yi-ology with my brother Cheng Lixue in Zhou Dunyi. Later, I was the backbone of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty and the founder of "Cheng Unreasonable School", also known as "Er Cheng". Cheng Yi established a philosophical system based on "reason" through "emphasizing the ancient art, respecting the law of ceremony", "respecting the trust of faith" and "ignoring the principle of things". He has been teaching for more than 30 years and has a great influence. Therefore, his school was called "Luo Xue" at that time, and scholars followed suit for a while. Fuling scholars believe that The Book of Changes has teachers. "Smell it, clean its clothes, see it, achieve great things, and return to China with dignity." Shi Yang is forty years old, but he refuses to go. He stayed in the dead of winter to set up an account, and there was three feet of snow outside the door, so he didn't leave without authorization. The story of "snow at the door" touched the population. According to statistics, he has 87 famous disciples, distributed all over the country. Cheng Yi "lives and works in peace and contentment, over 50 years old, and does not seek official advancement". In the first year of Yuan You (1086), he was recommended by Sima Guang and Lv Gongzhu and was called Professor imperial academy of Xijing. He was soon promoted to be a storyteller in the worship hall. Cheng Yi was politically conservative and opposed Wang Anshi's political reform. After Zongshen's death, Zhezong succeeded to the throne, and Empress Dowager Cixi listened to politics, rejecting the new party and using the old party. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the philosopher ruled and restored the new law. Cheng Yi offended Zhezong by passing the etiquette law, saying that he was "arrogant and rude at many banquets". In addition, Hu, Kong Wenzhong, Lin and others also spoke highly of him as "sharing evil with Sima Guang". Born four years less (1097), he was dismissed from office and demoted to the management of Fucheng Prefecture (now Fuling).
In the winter of 2008, Cheng Yi went to Fucheng, and with the help of his disciples (from Fucheng), he gave lectures to his disciples at the Putin Academy in Beiyan, but he was not worried. At that time, Huanggu Valley had been demoted from Zongshen's clerk and book friend Lang to Fuzhou and was placed in Guizhou. From Qianzhou (now Pengshui) to his brother Huang Shuxiang (then Fuling County Magistrate), he often met Cheng Yi. He was impressed by his profound knowledge and named the lecture place "Gouyuan Hall" (the valley was in Fucheng 10 for more than a month, until June of Fu Yuanyuan. In Fucheng, Cheng Yi is poor and connected. After giving lectures, he devoted himself to the study of Yi in the hospital, and made a book "Biography of Cheng Zi Yi", which was written in the first month of the second year (1099). This book has four volumes. This is one of the most important works of Neo-Confucianism in his life. Fu Yuan Chen Geng (1 100) died in Zhezong, and Hui Zong Evonne acceded to the throne. In April, the Xinhai Amnesty. Xuande Lang from Cheng Yi went out of Fuchun River and returned to Luoyang.
After Cheng Yi's death, his theory was inherited and developed by Zhu, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, and then spread to Hu Xian, Liu Mianzhi, Hu, Liu Chuan and Zhu, which formed the "Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism" that the feudal dynasty maintained its ideological dominance for a long time after the Southern Song Dynasty. This theory was also very popular in the Tokugawa era in Japan (1542- 16 16). Therefore, Cheng Yi became one of the founders of Neo-Confucianism (another Cheng Hao). Zhu Cheng's theory of "eliminating human desires and preserving justice" defended the principle of Zoroastrianism and won the appreciation of feudal rulers and the worship of local officials. In the fifth year of Shaoxing (1 135), Mr. Yichuan's ancestral hall was built in Taining, Fuzhou. In the first year of Jiading (1208), Fan Zhongwu, a state shepherd, added a statue of Cheng Yi and built two pavilions, Zhiyuan and Biyun. Ding Chou (12 17) was invited to build Beiyan Academy and resume the construction of Sixian Building, Sanweizhai Building and Sanxian Building. Later, scholars and celebrities often came to visit and enjoy the cliffs. After four generations of management in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Beiyan Academy became the first scene in Fuling, and Dianyi Cave is one of the most famous monuments.