Meerkats are small diurnal animals that live in kalahari desert. The average weight of men is about 73 1 g, and that of women is 720 g. They have slender trunks and limbs, so that the body length can reach 25 to 35 cm, and the tail length is 17-25 cm. The unique meerkats' tails (different from other meerkats) are long and thin, the sharp ones extend all the way to the endpoints, and the endpoints at both ends are black. When standing upright, meerkats use their tails to keep their balance. Their faces are also sharp, extending to the brown nose, and mongooses have black lumps around their eyes. These structures have the same function as sunglasses, which makes them very popular when the sun is shining. Meerkats have small black crescent ears, which can be closed when digging holes to prevent sand from entering the ears. Meerkats have powerful, 2 cm long curved claws, which can be used to dig holes for hunting and adjust their underground caves. They have four toes and slender limbs on each foot. Fur is usually light yellow with gray, bronze or silver brown. They have short parallel stripes on their backs. These stripes extend from the root of the tail to the shoulder, and each one is different. The mongoose has no pattern on its lower body, only sparse hair on its abdomen, and its black skin is exposed. When they stand on their hind feet, mongooses use the black area of their abdomen to absorb the heat of the sun, which is usually the first thing they do in the morning after a cold desert night to warm their bodies. Mongoose are mainly insect eaters, but they also eat lizards, snakes, spiders, plants, eggs and small mammals. Like other mongooses, mongooses are immune to many poisons, which enables them to eat scorpions (including thorns) and some snakes without causing discomfort, poisoning or death. They don't store fat in their bodies, so they will starve to death without feeding every day. Breeding mongooses reach sexual maturity in about one year, with an average of three births per fetus, while wild mongooses can have three births a year. Meerkats are repetitive breeding animals (iteroparous), which can breed at any time all year round, but most of them are produced in warmer weather. The report points out that they don't have courtship behavior, and the males will fight until the females give in and then start mating. The pregnancy lasts about 1 1 week, and the cubs are born hairless in the burrow. The cub's ears are opened in about ten days, its eyes are in ten to fourteen days, and it is weaned between forty-nine and sixty-three. They won't go to the fields for three weeks, and then they will stay with their nannies near burrow for a week or so. Usually, the spouses of the highest class of the leading group have the right to reproduce. Under normal circumstances, they will kill all the cubs that are not born to them to ensure that their descendants have the best chance of survival. They will also expel or kill females who have given birth to cubs that offend them. Behavioural meerkats are burrowing animals. They live in large underground reticulated caves with several entrances and only leave during the day. They are very social animals, living in a group of as many as forty, and individuals in the same group often comb their hair to strengthen social ties. The spouses of leaders often leave sniff marks on the subordinates in the group to express their authority. This kind of action is usually accompanied by the subordinates licking and combing the leading spouse. These actions are usually carried out after the members of the group reunite after leaving for a period of time. Most meerkats in the same group are brothers or children of the spouse of the leader. Mongoose show altruistic behavior in their communities. When one or more mongooses are foraging or playing with other mongooses, they will stand guard and warn them of the danger of approaching. When predators are found, the mongoose sentry will give a loud warning, and the rest of the members will run away or hide in holes scattered in their territory. The sentry will be the first to come out of the hole to explore the predator's movements and leave the other members in the hole. If there is no warning threatening the sentry, other members will appear safely. The mongoose will also take care of all the cubs in the group, and the unfertilized females will breast-feed the cubs when the lead female is not there. They also protect the cubs from any threats, even life threats. When the danger warning is issued, these nannies will take their cubs to the underground to take refuge, and prepare to guard them (such as predators who will drill holes) if danger may follow. If you can't hide underground, the nanny will gather the cubs and block them with her own body. At present, mongooses are known to engage in strange social activities, including those that look like wrestling or running. In recent years, it is meaningful to notice the sound of mongoose, which will make its own special sound for different predators. How these calls evolved is unknown at present, and they are obvious examples. Meaning does not only exist in human language, although no one will claim that mongoose's cry constitutes a language. More than one group of field researchers reported that they had witnessed meerkats performing some kind of singing ceremony by changing their true and false voices.