Haicheng earthquake occurred in Haicheng, Liaoning Province, China at 19: 36 Beijing time on February 4th, 975. A strong earthquake measuring 7.3 on the Richter scale (moment 7.0) occurred in Haicheng and Yingkou counties of Liaoning Province (east longitude 122 50', north latitude 40 4 1', with focal depth 16-2 1 km.

Because Chinese scientists made accurate predictions of earthquakes and issued short-term and imminent predictions in time, there were *** 18308 casualties in the whole region, accounting for 0.22% of the total population. Among them, 1328 people died, accounting for 0.02% of the total population, 4292 people were seriously injured, and 12688 people were slightly injured, accounting for 0.2% of the total population. It is believed that this is the only successful case in human history that people were evacuated by official organizations on the basis of correctly predicting earthquakes, and the losses were significantly reduced.

This is the first time in the world that an earthquake has been successfully predicted and obvious disaster reduction effect has been achieved. The successful prediction of seismologists in China is called "miracle in the history of earthquake science" by the world scientific and technological community.

2.7.28 Tangshan earthquake.

1At 3: 42: 53.8 on July 28th, 976, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale (moment 7.5) occurred in Fengnan area, Tangshan, Hebei, China (east longitude 1 18.2, north latitude 39.6), with the epicenter intensity of1/kloc-0. The earthquake killed 242,769 people, and 16485 1 person was seriously injured, ranking second in the history of earthquakes in the world in the 20th century, second only to offshore earthquakes.

This time, the feeling range reached 14 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, among which Beijing and Tianjin were seriously affected. The whole city of Tangshan was razed to the ground in an instant, and the city's transportation, communication, water supply and power supply were interrupted. There was no small foreshock in the Tangshan earthquake, and it happened in the early morning when people were asleep, which made most people unprepared, resulting in 242,769 deaths and 435,556 injuries.

3.5 12 Wenchuan earthquake.

Wenchuan earthquake occurred on May 2, 2008 14: 28: 04 Beijing time. According to the data from the Seismological Bureau of the People's Republic of China, the surface wave magnitude of this earthquake reached 8.0Ms on the Richter scale, the moment magnitude was 8.3Mw (the moment magnitude was 7.9Mw according to the data of the US Geological Survey), and the earthquake intensity reached 1658. The seismic wave of this earthquake has been confirmed to circle the earth six times. The earthquake affected more than half of China and many countries and regions in Asia, and it was felt in Liaoning in the north, Shanghai in the east, Hongkong, Macau, Thailand and Vietnam in the south and Pakistan in the west.

5. 12 Wenchuan earthquake severely damaged more than 65,438+10,000 square kilometers, including extremely hard-hit * *10 counties (cities), hard-hit ***4 1 county (city), and general disaster-hit * *186 counties. As of September 8, 2008 12, the Wenchuan earthquake in May 12 * * had caused 69,227 deaths, 374,643 injuries and 17923 missing, which was the most destructive earthquake since the founding of the People's Republic of China and the largest number of casualties after the Tangshan earthquake.

Extended data:

Distribution of seismic belts in China;

The seismic activity in China is mainly distributed in the following five areas:

Taiwan Province Province and its adjacent waters; Southwest China, including Tibet, central and western Sichuan and central and western Yunnan; The western region, mainly the Hexi Corridor in Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia, and the northern and southern foothills of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang; North China, mainly on both sides of Taihang Mountain, Wei Fen Valley, Yinshan-Yanshan area, Luzhong and Bohai Bay; Southeast coastal areas, Guangdong, Fujian and other places.

From Ningxia, China, through eastern Gansu, central and western Sichuan to Yunnan, there is an earthquake-intensive zone running through Chinese mainland, which is generally north-south. There have been many strong earthquakes in history, which is called China North-South Seismic Belt. On May 12, 2008, the Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake occurred in the south-central part of this area. The belt can extend north to Mongolia and south to Myanmar.

According to geomechanics, China can be roughly divided into 20 seismic zones.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-earthquake

Baidu Encyclopedia -2.4 Haicheng Earthquake

Baidu Encyclopedia -7.28 Tangshan Earthquake

Baidu Encyclopedia -5. 12 Wenchuan Earthquake