At present, many people think that Shanhaiguan and Tongguan are two passes, and they are also called "the first pass in the world". This shows that these two passes are very important as military sites. But in my eyes, Tongguan is the first pass in the world. There are three reasons: 1, Tongguan has a longer history; 2. More feudal dynasties fought in Tongguan; Tongguan has many defenses against foreign enemies.

1, Tongguan has a longer history.

Tongguan was established very early. In the first year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was founded by Cao Cao. This period of history is much earlier than Shanhaiguan. Shanhaiguan was built in the third year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, when its name was Guan Yu. Tongguan appeared nearly 300 years before Shanhaiguan. Tongguan has a long history and finally won.

2. More feudal dynasties fought in Tongguan.

The ancient feudal dynasties in China, especially the early dynasties, basically fought in Tongguan. There was a saying at that time that Tongguan was the world. Therefore, since the Three Kingdoms were in Tongguan, all parties wanted to win the right of the Central Plains, and many of them fought fiercely in Tongguan, killing sand and stones and leaving corpses everywhere. In this respect, Shanhaiguan is even less. Historically, there were not many fierce battles in Shanhaiguan. The most famous is the dispute between Li Zicheng, Wu Sangui and Huang Taiji in the late Ming Dynasty.

Tongguan has many defenses against foreign enemies.

Tongguan, located in the east of Guanzhong Plain, has always been a strategic place to resist foreign invasion of Chang 'an. Once Tongguan falls, Chang 'an will have no danger to defend and fall at any time. Many foreign enemies will choose Tongguan when they invade the Central Plains. Therefore, the rulers of past dynasties will arrange heavy troops in Tongguan to resist foreign invasion. Shanhaiguan mainly played a role in the Ming Dynasty and made little contribution to other dynasties.