The second batch of famous historical and cultural cities in Anhui Province: (1996 approved by Anhui Provincial People's Government) Mengcheng, Yang Guo, Qianshan, Hexian, Guichi, Xuanzhou and Jixi. (Note: Anqing and Jixi were approved as famous historical and cultural cities in China by the State Council in 2005 and 2007, and there are 9 famous historical and cultural cities in Anhui Province).
Hexian county;
Located in the east of Anhui, on the edge of the Yangtze River Delta, it is the hub of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. Hexian county was called Liyang in ancient times, named after "there is water in the south of the county". Hexian county is ancient and magical. 300,000 to 400,000 years ago, there were people here. The excavation of a complete skull fossil has refreshed the history of civilization in the Yangtze River, and the naming of "Hexian ape-man" has pushed Hexian to the world. There are more than 20 natural and cultural landscapes in the county, such as Wujiang River where Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, hanged himself with his sword, Tianmen Mountain where Li Bai stopped to sing, Liu Yuxi's humble room in Hezhou, Xiangquan where King Zhao of Southern Liang bathed and treated his illness, and Zhenhuai House stationed in Ming Taizu. County outstanding people, rich in humanities. Du Mo, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty and a great singer in the Song Dynasty, Chen Tinggui, a patriotic poet and a writer in the Qing Dynasty, Xu Haifeng, a contemporary grass saint and the first gold medal winner in the history of China Olympic Games, and Hou, a famous ecologist of China Academy of Sciences, are all the pride of Hexian County.
Tongcheng city;
Tongcheng is located in the southwest of central Anhui Province, on the north bank of the Yangtze River and at the eastern foot of Dabie Mountain. Tongcheng has a long history and belonged to Yangzhou in Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guo Tong belonged to Chu first, and then to Yue. In the first year of Tianbao (742), it was changed to Tongan County, and in the second year of Zhide (757), Tongan County was changed to Tongcheng County, hence the county name. 1In August, 1996, Tongcheng withdrew from the county and set up a city (county level), which belongs to Anqing City. In June 2006, Tongcheng was changed to a provincial city with a long history and prosperous scenery, which is the birthplace and concentration of Jianghuai cultural circle. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, it was called Guo Tong; The county was officially established in 757 AD, which lasted 1200 years. In the meantime, there are many talents. In Ming and Qing dynasties, there were 640 students in Tongcheng senior high school entrance examination and 240 scholars, and as many as 786 people entered the official career. The sayings of "three scholars in five miles, two champions across the river" and "two prime ministers of father and son" are exactly the portrayal of the cultural grand occasion here. Since the late Ming Dynasty, Tongcheng culture has sprung up in different peaks, including Fang Yizhi, who is known as an "encyclopedic scholar"; Dai Mingshi, Fang Bao, Liu Dakui, Yao Nai and others created a generation of style of writing, which made Tongcheng famous for a time, with the reputation of "people don't need Tongcheng, but literature is just Tongcheng"! Famous people in Tongcheng in modern times include Zhu Guangqian, an aesthetic master, Fang Dongmei, a great philosopher, Huang Zhen, a revolutionary and diplomat, Zhang Boju, the founder of the Democratic Party of Agriculture and Workers, and Ci Yungui, the father of computers. Tongcheng middle school is a century-old school founded by Mr. Wu Rulun, the first general teacher of Shi Jing University. At present, the city sends more than 2000 freshmen to colleges and universities every year, and the success rate of college entrance examination keeps the leading level in the province. Tongcheng is the hometown of Huangmei Opera, which has bred a generation of Huangmei Opera actors represented by Yan Fengying. Tongcheng therefore enjoys the reputation of "Du Wen".
Yang Guo county;
Laozi's hometown, Yang Guo, is located in Huaibei Plain, in the center of Bozhou. Yang Guo's hometown, a city with ancient names. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty set up Wozhou in Nanqiao County, then set up Guoyang County and Guoyang County, and then abandoned it. In the second year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1852), Zhang Lexing, the leader of the Nian army, launched an uprising between Mongolia and Bo, and was later suppressed. Tongzhi for three years (1864), set up a new county. In order to prevent the peasant uprising from erupting again in this area, the Qing government used the name of Yang Guo ancient county to govern Roger (now the county seat) in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Yang Guo is an important birthplace of ancient culture in China. Tessa in Yang Guo has a large number of people with profound cultural backgrounds. Laozi, a thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period and founder of Taoism, was born in Zhengdian Village, Zhabei Town, Guoyang County. Ancient heroes Zhuangzi, Ji Kang, Sean,
Fan Li, Chen Tuan, Zhang Lexing, Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yun. , have left precious historical sites here. The territory is rich in tourism resources, and there are many cultural relics and cultural landscapes. The site of Laozi Temple, the Memorial Hall of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army, the former residence of Zhang Lexing, the site of Beipingcheng, Dongyue Temple and the former site of Nianjun Meng Hui have been named as provincial key cultural relics protection units, and the legend of Laozi and Banggu are provincial intangible cultural heritages. There are mainly Taiqing Palace, Jikang Tomb, Chen Chuan Tomb, Fan Li Tomb, the former site of the Nian Army Alliance, the former residence of Zhang Lexing, the former site of the Fourth Division Command of the New Fourth Army and Huishan Martyrs Cemetery. Yang Guo has become a cultural tourist destination of Oriental Taoism and a red tourist destination.
Fengyang county;
Fengyang County is located in the northeast of Anhui Province, on the south bank of the middle reaches of Huaihe River. The ancient land was the country in the Spring and Autumn Period, followed by the name of "There is", "Residual Fu", "Yan". In the third year of Hongwu, because the county is near the Huaihe River in the north, it was changed from Neutral County to Linhuai County, which was the beginning of the place name of Linhuai. In the sixth year of Hongwu, Lin Hao House was changed to Zhonghe House, and in the seventh year of Hongwu, Zhonghe House was renamed Fengyang House. Fengyang was called "the hometown of emperors" in ancient times, and now it is called the birthplace of rural reform. There are different stories in ancient and modern times, with rich historical and cultural connotations. In the second year of Zhu Yuanzhang's accession to the throne, Daming Imperial City, the first capital of China, was built in Fengyang, which became the blueprint of the Forbidden City in Nanjing and Beijing. At present, a large number of sites and relics, such as the Royal Old Town of Ming Dynasty, the Imperial Tomb, the Drum Tower and longxing temple, have been listed as national and provincial key cultural relics protection units, and the sites of the Royal Old Town of Ming Dynasty are applying for the World Cultural Heritage List. Fengyang folk culture is also deeply loved by people. Fengyang Flower Drum and Phoenix Painting, which have the reputation of "Oriental Ballet", have unique techniques, rich colors and profound meanings. They are not only excellent works of folk culture and art, but also precious gifts for relatives and friends.
Mengcheng county;
Mengcheng is located in the north of Anhui, between Huainan and Huaibei. Mengcheng county belongs to Yuzhou in summer and northern Mongolia in business. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belonged to Song lacquer garden. After the merger of King Kao Lie of Chu, it was renamed the Northern Emperor. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), it was renamed Mengcheng County, belonging to Bozhou, and the county name is still in use today. The Neolithic primitive village site of Weichi Temple in Mengcheng County was listed as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in China by 1994. It has a long history and has nurtured a splendid cultural landscape. It is the hometown of a generation of sage Zhuangzi and the heroine Liu Jinding in the Song Dynasty. Famous poets in the Song Dynasty, such as Wang Anshi and Su Shunqin, all came here to recite poems and compose poems. "Officials don't have the atmosphere at that time, but the people have the style of Zhuang Zhou" has become a true portrayal of Mengcheng. At present, there are eight scenic spots and historical sites in the county, such as Eight Scenes of Lacquer Garden, Ten Thousand Pagodas, Jikang Pavilion, Sage Hall, Liuhai Temple, Gao Qiong Tomb and Chenxian Bridge. Tourism resources are very rich.
guichi district
Guichi is located in the southwest of Anhui Province, on the south bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, near Chicheng River. It is the seat of Chizhou municipal government today. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to Wu. During the Warring States Period, wuyue was destroyed, and the more Chu was destroyed, it belonged to Jiangdong County of Chu. In the sixth year of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (926), Yiqiupu County was named Guichi. June 65438+July 0965, belonging to Chizhou District, Anhui Province. 1 month 1980 also belongs to Anqing area. 1988 restore Chizhou area, and at the same time change Guichi City, which belongs to Chizhou area, and its jurisdiction remains unchanged. In 2000, the land was changed to Chizhou City, and Guichi City was changed to Guichi District, which belongs to Chizhou City. Guichi, an ancient city, has been over 1200 years since it was founded in the first year of Tang Yongtai (765). There are dozens of streets and lanes in the city, such as memorial archway, filial piety, Jing Shun, Loushan, Jiuhua and Champion. Due to the war in modern times and the looting of the Cultural Revolution, the city walls were destroyed and the ruins depended on each other, and the pattern of traditional streets such as filial piety and archways remained in the city. There are many celebrities and themes in Guichi. In the sixth year of Song Kaibao (973), there were official Confucians, followed by some academies such as Xianru, Bagui, Qishan, Xiuchun, Cuiwei, Zhaoming, Chucai and Xiushan. From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were 1 170 jurors, 100 Jinshi, and as many as 4 champions. Among them, Huang Guan in the Ming Dynasty was known as "three yuan in the world, six in the world", and Fang Yifeng was the top scholar in three subjects. There are officials to prime ministers and ministers, such as Yin Chongyi, the prime minister in the Southern Tang Dynasty, Wang Shan, the minister of rites in the Ming Dynasty, Cao Dahao, the minister of war in the Qing Dynasty, Wu, a writer in the late Ming Dynasty, Shi Guichao of Fujian, who was highly valued by Lin Zexu in the Qing Dynasty, Liu Ruifen, the ambassador to Britain, Russia, France, Italy and Belgium, and Xia Yuzhu, a pediatrician. Chizhou is rich in natural resources and beautiful scenery, which has attracted scholars of all ages to linger. Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Li Bai, Du Mu and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Anshi, Yue Fei, Zhu and Yang Wanli in the Song Dynasty, Wang Yangming and Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty and Yao Nai in the Qing Dynasty all wrote immortal poems for the mountains and rivers in Guichi with their giant pens.
Guichi is also one of the cradles of ancient Nuo opera in China. Nuo opera has attracted the attention of Chinese and foreign scholars for its rich connotation and simple performance, and is known as "the living fossil of drama".
qianshan xian
Qianshan County is located in the southwest suburb of Anhui Province, at the southeast foot of Dabie Mountain. During the Zhou Dynasty, Qianshan County was under the jurisdiction of Anhui. The capital of Anhui is now Qianshan County. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Qianshan County was established. Zhangjiang, the first county magistrate of Qianshan County, was established in Qianshan County. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the buried hill was the fief of ancient Anhui, with mountains called Wanshan and water called Wanshui, which is why Anhui Province is called "Anhui" for short. Qianshan County was the seat of the county, state and government for more than 800 years from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty. Rich cultural heritage. Tianzhu Mountain in Anhui Province is one of the first three famous mountains to enter the national key scenic spots. It is famous for its magnificent, peculiar, exquisite and beautiful natural scenery, majestic and heavy, towering above the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. BC 106, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made a southern tour and named it "Nanyue". In 589 AD, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty opened up southern Xinjiang and renamed it Hengshan Nanyue. Tianzhu Mountain is still revered as the ancient Nanyue Mountain. Sanzu Temple of Zen Buddhism is a national key open temple. There are 1 national key cultural relics protection units, 6 provincial units and 16 county units in the county. Fossils of "Buried Hill Anhui Tortoise" and "Oriental Rat" dating back 70 million years have been unearthed one after another. Buried hill is recognized by international zoologists as "the birthplace of Asian mammals". China Academy of Sciences named "Xuejiagang Ancient Cultural Site", which represents a new primitive cultural type in the late Neolithic Age. China's earliest narrative poem "Peacock Flying Southeast" took place in a buried hill in Jiaojiafan, the rouge well washed by Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao, the former site of Gong Qiao, the tree king terrace read by Wang Anshi at night by the lake, and nearly 400 square cliff stone carvings preserved by scholars such as Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Su Shi, Wang Anshi and Huang Tingjian spread all over the four townships. Thousands of mountains and rivers gave birth to a generation of celebrities, such as Wang Fan, Cao Song, Li, Zhang Henshui,.
Xuanzhou district
Xuanzhou, the gateway to southeast Anhui, is located in the south of the Yangtze River and the north of Huangshan Mountain, at the junction of the remaining veins in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui and the alluvial plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Xuanzhou is a famous mausoleum in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the ancient Yue people lived in Sri Lanka. The county was formally established in the early Qin Dynasty. The Western Han Dynasty was renamed Wanling, and the county was abandoned in the early Sui Dynasty. Nanyuzhou was renamed Xuanzhou, and soon it was renamed Xuancheng County. Xuanzhou is the seat of Danyang County in the Western Han Dynasty, Xuancheng County in the Western Jin Dynasty, Xuanzhou in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Ningguo Road in the Yuan Dynasty and Ningguo House in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After Anhui was formally established as a province, Xuanzhou's position in southern Anhui was mentioned together with Hefei, an important town in northern Anhui, so it was called "Xuannan and northern Anhui". On June 25, 2000, the State Council approved: the county-level Xuancheng area and Xuanzhou city were abolished, and the prefecture-level Xuancheng city was established; Xuanzhou District is established in Xuancheng City, and the administrative area of Xuanzhou City is the administrative area of Xuanzhou District at the county level. Xuanzhou is a cultural soil closely related to the history of China literature. /kloc-More than 0/000 years ago, Xie Tiao, Li Bai, Han Yu, Bai Juyi and other famous writers were in charge or traveled here, intoxicated by the beauty of famous mountains and rivers, and left many colorful chapters in the written part of Xuan paper. Xuanzhou is a natural and creative landscape garden and a good place for everyone to get together. Foreign scholars love Sri Lanka, which makes it very literary and famous. On the other hand, in Xuanzhou, the blending of foreign culture and local culture has also cultivated world-renowned Xuanzhou talents from generation to generation. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Ye Fan, a famous historian and writer, was demoted as the satrap of Xuanzhou, during which he wrote the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and Xuanzhou became famous all over the world with the Book of the Later Han Dynasty. Xie Tiao was in charge of Xuanzhou, with few achievements, but his poetry and prose sprang up suddenly, which established his position in the history of China literature. Even when Li Bai read Xie Tiao's poems in Xuanzhou, he lamented that "he bowed his head and thanked Xuancheng all his life". Shen Kuo, an outstanding scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, came to Xuanzhou as a satrap. He had deep research in natural science, military affairs, literature and music, and did a lot of research work in Xuanzhou period. Wen Tianxiang, a litterateur, strategist and outstanding national hero, when he was the satrap of Xuanzhou, wrote "Song of Encouraging Agriculture" to develop local economy. Li Bai was the first person who really made Xuancheng famous all over the world. Xuancheng appeared repeatedly in the classic works of poetry immortals, and later generations also praised Xuanzhou and Jingting Mountain with a large number of poems. Li Bai came to Xuanzhou seven times in his life and stayed for 13 years. Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Han Yu all left poems in Jingting Mountain. Li Bai's "the mountains in the north are blue, and the water in the east is white" and "birds fly high, and lonely clouds go to leisure alone" Never tire of meeting each other, only respect Tingshan. Xuancheng and Jingting Mountain have been described as picturesque. Xuanzhou is famous for the love of literati in past dynasties. On the other hand, Xuanzhou is famous for its outstanding talents. Mei is a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, who made important contributions to the realistic transformation of poetic style in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Mei dingzuo and mei in Ming dynasty were dramatists and linguists, and later they were listed as "one of the three greatest mathematicians in the world" (the other two were Guan Xiaohe in Japan and Newton in Britain), so their names can be seen. Jingting Mountain is a tourist attraction and focus in Xuanzhou. Celebrities of past dynasties left more than 650 poems here, which is a veritable "poem mountain". The stone carving of Jingting Twin Towers is an original of Su Dongpo, which is a treasure. Mei Wending Memorial Hall, located at the second peak of Lingyang in Xuanzhou City, is the altar of mathematicians in China.
Yixian county;
Yi county is located at the southern tip of Anhui Province, southwest of Huangshan Scenic Area. Yixian County was founded in the Qin Dynasty (22 BC1) and has been under the jurisdiction of ancient Huizhou since the Song Dynasty. It is one of the oldest civilized ancient counties in China and one of the main birthplaces of Huizhou merchants and Huizhou culture. Celebrities have gathered in history, such as, Yu, Sai Jinhua, Wang Daxie and so on. More than 3,500 ancient buildings in Ming and Qing dynasties and many ancient villages have been completely preserved in the territory. Xidi and Hongcun were selected into the World Cultural Heritage List in 2000, and won the national 4A-level scenic spot and the title of "Top Ten Most Charming Towns in China". Xidi, Hongcun and Nanping have been listed as "national key cultural relics protection units", Pingshan and Saijinhua's former residence as "provincial key cultural relics protection units", Huizhou couplets, Huizhou seal cutting and Huizhou shrine worship as provincial intangible cultural heritage, Xidi, Hongcun, Nanping and Pingshan as national historical and cultural villages.
Anqing,
The central city of southwest Anhui, one of the key cities of "Wanjiang Development" in Anhui Province, is a famous port city along the Yangtze River, the birthplace of China's national industry, the hometown of China's traditional drama Huangmei Opera, and has the reputation of "Wu Chu, the first state in the Yangtze River". Petrochemical, textile and food, building materials, machinery and electronics are the four pillar industries. It has a long history. It was the country of Anhui more than 2000 years ago, and the abbreviation of Anhui Province was derived from it. Anqing has a history of 794 years since 12 17 was founded. Anqing has been the capital of Anhui for more than 200 years from the establishment of Anhui Province in the sixth year of Kangxi (1667) to the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
jixi county
It is a hilly and mountainous area with a branch of Huangshan Mountain in the west and Tianmu Mountain in the east. The main peaks are all above 1000 meters. The county is the watershed between the Yangtze River and Qiantang River, and is known as the "Ridge of Xuanhui". There are three mountains in the territory: Daguan, Dahui and Da 'ao, which are inclined from northeast to southwest and northwest to southeast. The elevation of Liangqingfeng in the east is1787.4m, which is the highest point in Jixi. The elevation of Jiangcun ring at the southern end is125m, which is the low valley of Jixi. Hui Ling Mountain passes through the middle and is divided into two parts: Lingnan and Lingbei. There are also great differences in language and customs between the two places. Natural rivers 136, with a total length of 83 1km. Dengyuan River, the main river, is 55 kilometers long, Yangzhi River and Dayuan River are 40 kilometers long, and the area of Sanhe River basin is 582.5 square kilometers, accounting for 52.6% of the county's total area. In addition, the total length of Gexi, Huangshikeng, Huishui, Daguan and Zhuoxi rivers is15km. The water in Beiliu belongs to the Yangtze River system; The water flowing south and east belongs to Qiantang River system. Jixi is rich in biological resources, diverse in topography, distinct in four seasons and good in ecological environment. With a forest coverage rate of 75.4%, it is a national ecological demonstration area.
Jixi was founded in the second year of Tang Dali (767) and belongs to Zhangzhou. Song Xuanhe was transferred to Huizhou in the third year (1 12 1). 1987 65438+February, belonging to Xuancheng area.
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