There was chaos in the world at the end of Qin Dynasty. After Liu Bang overthrew the Qin Dynasty, he was named Hanwang. In 202 BC, after the victory of the Chu-Han dispute, he proclaimed himself emperor and established the Han Dynasty, known as the Western Han Dynasty in history. Its capital is Chang 'an.
Emperor Wen of Han and Emperor Jing of Han carried out the national recuperation policy and founded "cultural landscape governance"; After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne, he opened up the Silk Road, expanded his territory and realized the "prosperity of Hanwu"; By the time of Emperor Xuan Di, the national strength reached its peak. In 8 AD, at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang abolished the emperor and made Chang 'an his capital, which was called the New Dynasty in history and the Western Han Dynasty perished.
In AD 25, after Liu Xiu unified the world, he still took Han as his country name, which was called the Eastern Han Dynasty in history. With Luoyang as its capital, after unifying the world, it was called "Guangxu Zhongxing" in history. Emperor Hanming followed the frivolous and thin fu, and created the "rule of Zhang Ming"; After the Han and Emperor succeeded to the throne, they broke the northern Xiongnu and recovered the western regions, creating an "eternal prosperity", and the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty reached its peak.
The Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out in A.D. 184, which quelled civil strife but led to local self-respect. After Dong Zhuo's rebellion, the Eastern Han Dynasty existed in name only. In 220 AD, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty perished, and China entered the Three Kingdoms period.
Extended data:
1, the origin of the title of the Han Dynasty:
After the dispute between Chu and Han, Liu Bang officially proclaimed himself emperor. Because it was named Hanwang by Xiang Yu, it took "Han" as the country name, and later people called it the Han Dynasty.
Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, established the Western Han Dynasty, with Chang 'an as its capital, also known as the former Han Dynasty; Later historians did not recognize the legitimacy of the New Dynasty and the Xuanhan Dynasty, so they generally incorporated them into the history of the Han Dynasty.
Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, established the Eastern Han Dynasty, with Luoyang as its capital, also known as the later Han Dynasty, which is known as the Eastern Han Dynasty in history; The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty are collectively referred to as the Han Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms period, Emperor Liu Bei of the Han Dynasty established Shu Han, calling himself Han Ji, also known as West Shu.
The Han Dynasty was the first golden age in the history of China's development, and it was during this period that the Han nationality got its name. Because of its high level of civilization, the Han nationality has always been in an advantageous position among the fraternal nationalities in China, which is the result of historical development and natural formation. Since the Han Dynasty, although the name of the dynasty has changed, the status of the Han nationality as the main ethnic group in China has never changed.
2. The demise of the Han Dynasty:
In the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, the Empress Dowager said that the consorts were in charge of affairs, and the young monarch who succeeded in childhood was able to take charge of affairs with the help of eunuchs. History is called the battle between officials, the increasingly corrupt political affairs, and the powerful forces wantonly annexed land.
During the period of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, the peasants could not bear multiple cruel oppression, and the court ordered all states and counties to recruit soldiers by themselves, which basically put down the rebellion, but led to the self-respect of local strongmen.
In the first year of Chuping (190), Dong Zhuo carried Xian Di to Chang 'an. Since then, the imperial court has been sidelined, which opened the prelude to the warlord scuffle in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
After Dong Zhuo was killed, in the first year of Jian 'an (196), Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Han Xian to Xuchang. In 220 AD, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty, and the Eastern Han Dynasty was destroyed, entering the period of the Three Kingdoms regime.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Han Dynasty
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Eastern Han Dynasty