Minister Li Mi said: When I was young, I suffered misfortune because of my bad fate. My father died six months after he was born. When I was four years old, my uncle wouldn't let my mother keep her festival and forced her to remarry. Grandma Liu took pity on me and raised myself. Sick from childhood, I couldn't walk at the age of nine, and I was lonely until I grew up. Non-uncle, poor family, shallow blessings, son dying. There are no close relatives outside, and there are no children taking care of the portal inside. They are lonely and independent, and only their bodies and shadows comfort them. Grandma Liu has been ill for a long time and has been ill in bed for a long time. I served her with soup and medicine and never abandoned her.

When he arrived to serve in the Holy Court, he received a clear political education. The former satrap was a famous doctor, and I was chosen as filial piety. Later, he was honored as a secretariat and recommended as a scholar. I resigned because I didn't support my grandmother, so I didn't go to my post. The emperor also made a special imperial edict to seal the position of a doctor, which soon won the favor of the state and gave the minister the position of washing horses. As a humble servant of the prince, I can hardly repay you for killing myself. All the ministers said that the emperor declined politely and did not take office. Now the imperial edict has been issued again, and it is urgent and harsh, accusing the minister of deliberately avoiding and ignoring the emperor; The county sent people to persecute and urged the liegeman to leave on the road quickly; The state official himself came to the door, anxious as a meteor. However, if the liegeman wants to serve the emperor in a letter, Gu Nian's grandmother Liu's illness will get worse every day; If you are addicted to supporting an affair, it is difficult to get permission after many complaints. To be dead or not, I am really in a dilemma at the moment.

I sincerely believe that the holy dynasty ruled the world with filial piety, and all the people left behind by the old ministers were pitied and educated, not to mention a particularly lonely and poor person like me. In addition, when I was young, I was an official in the Shu and Han Dynasties of the Puppet Dynasty and worked in the Lang government. I had hoped to be an official, but I didn't dare to brag and talk about honor. Now I am a prisoner of national subjugation, extremely humble, extremely humble, over-promoted, appointed by the emperor's favor and well paid. Where dare you wander and wait, and there are other wild desires? Just because grandma Liu is approaching the western hills like the sun, her breath is weak, her life is at stake, and she doesn't know life or death sooner or later. If it weren't for grandma, I wouldn't be alive today. If my grandma doesn't have my grandma, I can't spend the rest of my life. Grandchildren live next to each other alternately, so I can't give up my plan to support myself because I am far away. Minister Li Mi is 44 years old and grandmother Liu is 96 years old. In other words, I still have a long time to serve your majesty, but I have a short time to repay my grandmother Liu Zhien. The little crow can feed her mother when she grows up. I ask the emperor to allow me to die at home for grandma Liu.

I have suffered for many years, not only witnessed by the people of Sichuan and the secretariat of Liang and Yizhou, but also by the God of heaven and earth. I hope your majesty will have pity on my foolish loyalty and listen to the small ambitions of my lieutenants. Maybe grandma Liu is lucky enough to spend the rest of her life safely. I live to serve with death, and die with grass. I respectfully submit this form and state the above facts to the emperor with fear like a dog and a horse.

Ji Xiang Xuan zhi

Ji Xiangxuan is the South Pavilion of the past. This room is only ten feet square and can only accommodate one person. This is an old house with a history of hundreds of years. The soil (on the roof wall) leaks from it, so does the rain. Whenever you move the table, look left and right. There is no place to put it. Further north, the sun can't shine, and it is already dark after noon. I repaired it a little so that it wouldn't leak from it. Four windows were opened in front, and a wall was built around the yard to block the sunshine in the south. The sunlight reflected in and the room was bright. Orchids, osmanthus trees, bamboo, etc. They are all planted in the yard, and the railings of the past have added new luster. Borrowed books are all over the shelves. I live indoors, whistling and singing. Sometimes I sit quietly and hear the sounds of nature. The yard and front steps were quiet, and birds flew down from time to time to peck. On the fifteenth night, the bright moon hung high and lit up half the wall. The shadows of osmanthus trees are patchy, the breeze is blowing, and the shadows are shaking, beautiful and lovely.

However, I live here, and there are many gratifying things and many sad things. Before this, the courtyard was connected with the north and the south. When uncle and uncle parted, there were small doors and walls everywhere. The owner's dog barked at Jia Xi, and the guests had to go over the kitchen to eat. The chicken lived in the hall. The yard was fenced off at first, then it was built into a fence and changed twice. There is an old woman at home who used to live here. This old woman, my dead grandmother's handmaid, has nurtured two generations, and my mother is very kind to her. The west of the house is connected with the inner room. My mother came here once. The old woman often says to me: "This place, your mother used to stand here." The old woman added, "Your sister is crying in my arms; Your mother knocked on the door with her finger and said,' Is the child cold? Or do you want to eat? I answered one by one outside the door. "Words haven't say that finish, I began to cry, the old lady also shed tears. I have been studying on the porch since I was fifteen. One day, my grandmother came to see me and said, "long time no see, son." Why do you stay here silently all day? What a good girl? " When he left, he closed the door with his hand and said to himself, "our family's study has been ineffective for a long time." When this child grows up, he will have hope! " After a while, he came up with an elephant and said, "This was used by my grandfather, Emperor Xuande, when he was in office. You will use it later! " Recalling these things in the past, as if it happened yesterday, really makes people burst into tears.

There used to be a kitchen to the east of Jixiangxuan, and people had to pass in front of it to go there. I live in it with the windows closed. After a long time, I can tell who it is by the footsteps. A Ling Xuan and a * * * have suffered four fires. Can they not be burned down? Probably there are gods protecting them. ...

I wrote this article. After five years, my wife came to my house. She often comes to the porch to ask me some ancient things, or she learns to write at her desk. My wife went back to visit her family. After returning, she relayed the words of the younger sisters: "I heard that there is a small pavilion at my sister's house. What is a pavilion? " Six years later, my wife died, and Xiao Xuan was destroyed and not renovated. Two years later, I was sick in bed for a long time, bored, and sent someone to repair the South Pavilion. The pattern was slightly different from before. However, since then, I have been outside, and I don't always live here.

There is a loquat tree in the yard, which was planted the year my wife died. Now it stands high, like an umbrella cover.

Biography of Qu Yuan

Qu Yuan's real name is Ping, and he has the same surname as the monarch of Chu. As a leftist in Chu Huaiwang, he has extensive knowledge and strong memory. He understands the principle of state chaos control and is familiar with this rhetoric. Discuss state affairs with the king in court and issue orders; Receive guests and entertain the prince. Chu Huaiwang trusts him very much. Doctor Shangguan has the same official position as Qu Yuan. He wants to compete for the favor of the king and is jealous of Qu Yuan's talent. Chu Huaiwang asked Qu Yuan to draft an important national law. When the decree was not finalized, Shangguan doctor saw it. He wanted to take it away, but Qu Yuan refused to give it. He spoke ill of Qu Yuan in front of Huai Yu? Quot As we all know, the king asked Qu Yuan to draft a law. Every time a law is promulgated, Qu Yuan always boasts of his contribution and says,' No one can draft such a law except me.' "Wang Huai was very angry and alienated Qu Yuan.

Qu Yuan suffered from the king's inability to distinguish between right and wrong, and was blinded by slanderers, so that the wicked framed the righteous and the upright, which was not tolerated by the court. So Qu Yuan was depressed and wrote a long poem "Li Sao". Li Sao means suffering. Heaven is the primitive man, and parents are the foundation of man. People will remember the origin when they come through thick and thin, so when they are extremely tired and tired, there is no one who does not call for heaven and land; There is no one who doesn't call his parents when he is sick or sad. Qu Yuan has always been on the right path, serving his monarch with all his loyalty and wisdom, but being provoked by villains can be said to be in a exhausted situation. How can he have no resentment when his integrity is questioned and his loyalty is vilified? Qu Yuan's creation of Li Sao was caused by this resentment. Although Guo Feng wrote more about the love between men and women, it did not advocate adultery. Although Xiao Ya wrote more satire and resentment, it did not promote rebellion. Li Sao can be said to have both characteristics. It praises ancient Di Ku, describes modern Qi Huangong, praises Shang Tang and Zhou Wuwang, and satirizes political events at that time with their historical events. Li Sao's description of moral loftiness and national chaos is vivid and obvious. His writing is concise and his words are implicit; His ambition is noble and his behavior is clean. The things described in his works are small but significant. Although simple, it is extremely profound. He is ambitious, so he often uses the fragrance of grass as a metaphor in his works; His behavior is so clean that he will not tolerate it until his death. Although he came from the mud, he was like a cicada's shell, floating in the world, free from the scale of the turbid world, clear and white, and emerged from the mud without being stained. It can be asserted that his ambition, although winning glory with the sun and the moon, is also possible.

Qu Yuan was dismissed from his post. Later, Qin wanted to attack Qi. Originally, Qi and Chu were married, and King Hui of Qin was worried that Qi and Chu would unite against Qin. Tell Zhang Yi to pretend to leave the State of Qin and go to Chu with a generous gift, expressing his willingness to work for the King of Chu. Yi cheung said to the king of Chu? Quot Qin hated Qi so much that Qi married Chu. If Chu can really break with Qi, Qin is willing to give Chu 600 Li of land between Shang Dynasty and Yu. "covet land, believe the yi cheung, and qi, sent messengers to the state of Qin to accept the land. After returning to the state of Qin, Zhang Yi deceived the envoy of the State of Chu and said, "I agreed with the King of Chu to offer six Li, but I didn't know there were six Li." The messenger of the king of Chu left Qin angrily and went back to report. Wang Huai was furious and sent a large number of troops to attack Qin. Qin sent troops to fight back, defeated the Chu army between Danjiang and Xishui, killed 80 thousand people, captured Qu Kun, the general of Chu, and seized the land of Hanzhong, Chu. Chu Huaiwang also dispatched troops from all over the country. People attacked Qin and fought in Lantian. When Wei heard that Qin Chu was at war, he took the opportunity to attack Chu and went to Deng's land in Chu. The Chu army was afraid and withdrew from the state of Qin. At this time, Qi was very angry with what Chu had done and refused to send troops to rescue Chu. Chu army is in big trouble. In the second year, the State of Qin ceded Hanzhong to the State of Chu for reconciliation. Chu Huaiwang said? Quot "I don't want to get land, but I am content to get Zhang Yi. "Hearing this, Yi Cheung said to the king of Qin," Use Yi Cheung to reach the land of Hanzhong, please let me go to Chu. "Yi cheung went to Chu, bribed his favorite music dealer with a lot of gifts, and lied to Wang Huai's favorite Zheng Xiu by making up a set of deceptive words. Chu Huaiwang actually listened to Zheng Xiu and let Yi Cheung go. At this time, Qu Yuan had been alienated, no longer served in North Korea, and went to Qi as an envoy. When he came back from Qi, he advised Chu Huaiwang, "Why not kill Zhang Yi? "Chu Huaiwang regretted sending troops to chase Yi Cheung, but it was too late.

Later, the governors of various countries joined forces to attack Chu, defeated the Chu army and killed Tang Mei, the general of Chu. At this time, Qin Zhao, the king of Chu, married Chu and wanted to meet Chu Huaiwang. When Chu Huaiwang was leaving, Qu Yuan said, "Qin is like a country of tigers and wolves. If you can't trust, you might as well not go. " Lan, his youngest son, persuaded him to go, saying, "How to break off friendly relations with Qin?" Chu Huaiwang finally went. As soon as he entered Wuguan, Qin Jun's ambush cut off his back road, detained him and forced him to cede territory. Chu Huaiwang was very angry and refused to listen to Qin's request. Chu Huaiwang fled to Zhao, who refused to take him in. He returned to Qin, where he finally died, and his body was transported back to Chu for burial.

Chu Huaiwang's eldest son, Qing Xiang, succeeded to the throne and appointed his younger brother Zilan as your wife. Most Chu States hold a grudge against Zilan, because he suggested going to the State of Qin, but he didn't come back. Qu Yuan was also jealous of Zilan. Although he was in exile, he still attached himself to Chu, thinking of cherishing the king, and never gave up hope of returning to Korea. He earnestly hoped that the king would wake up and change the wrong laws in the past. Qu Yuan was obsessed with the revival of the king and the country, and repeatedly thought about the great events of the king and the country. This idea is expressed many times in a work. However? Where's Weiwei? Waste what? Punishing Zhang Jia shook his heart?

No one who is a king, whether stupid or smart, wise or incompetent, does not want to seek loyal ministers to assist him or promote talented people to assist him. However, countries have been destroyed and destroyed one after another in history. Sages and monarchs have managed the country well, but they have not seen one for generations. This is because what they call loyal ministers are disloyal, and what they call sages are not virtuous; Because King Huai didn't understand the characteristics of loyal ministers, he was confused by Zheng Xiu at home, cheated by Zhang Yi outside, alienated Qu Yuan, and trusted doctors Shangguan and Ling. As a result, he was defeated and ceded territory, lost six counties, died in the state of Qin, and was laughed at by the whole world. This is the disaster caused by strangers. I ching said? Quot the water in the well has been cleaned, and no one has ever drunk the water in this well, which makes me sad, because well water is originally for people to drink. If the king is wise, the whole world will be blessed. "If the king is not wise, how can there be happiness? Yin was furious when he heard that Qu Yuan was jealous of him, and finally let Doctor Shangguan speak ill of Qu Yuan in front of Xiang Wang. King Xiang was furious and exiled Qu Yuan.

Qu Yuan went to the river, curled his hair and sang along the water. He has a haggard face and a thin body. The fisherman saw it and asked him? Quot Aren't you Dr. San Lv? Why did you come to this place? Qu Yuan said, "The world is overcast, but I am innocent. Everyone was drunk, but I was awake, so I was exiled. The fisherman said, "All saints are not bound by external things and can adapt to the changes of the times. The world is cloudy, why not go with the flow? Everyone is drunk, why not eat the distiller's grains they have eaten and drink the thin wine they have drunk? Why do you want to keep a good moral integrity and invite yourself to be driven away? Qu Yuan said, "I heard that people who have just washed their hair must shake the dust off their hats, and people who have just taken a shower must shake the dust off their clothes. Who is willing to let his white body be polluted by foreign objects? I would rather throw myself into a long-flowing river and die in the belly of a fish. How can I let my noble character be polluted by secular dust? " So Qu Yuan wrote "Huai Sha" and immediately threw a stone into the Miluo River to die.

After Qu Yuan's death, there were a group of people in Chu, such as Song Yu, Jing Ke, etc. They all loved literary creation and were praised for being good at writing poems. Their works all learn the euphemism and implication of Qu Yuan's language, but they dare not say it in the end. After that, the territory of Chu was gradually reduced, and it was finally destroyed by Qin after several decades. After Qu Yuan sank into the Miluo River for more than one hundred years, there was a Jia Yi in the Han Dynasty, who was the teacher of Changsha King. When passing by Xiangshui, he wrote an article and threw it into the river to pay tribute to Qu Yuan.

Tai Shigong said: I have read Li Sao, Tian Wen, Evocation and Mourning, and I feel sad that Qu Yuan's ambition cannot be realized. When I arrived in Changsha, I couldn't help crying by the Miluo River, where Qu Yuan drowned himself. I took him as a person. When I saw Jia Yi's praise for his articles, I blamed Qu Yuan for lobbying governors with his talents. No country could accommodate him, but he insisted on taking this road! After reading Jia Yi's "Bird-catching Fu", I realized that life and death should be treated equally, and being an official should be treated lightly. This makes me feel lost again.