Many scenic spots and historical sites in China have profound cultural heritage besides beautiful natural scenery, and Wuyishan is no exception.
Some scholars recite poems, saying: Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu, China ancient culture, Mount Tai Wuyi.
Wuyishan is the cradle of Zhu Neo-Confucianism, and it is also a holy place for the world to study Zhu Neo-Confucianism and even eastern culture. Zhu advocated "preserving nature and destroying human desires". Wuyishan scenery is so beautiful, how could he think of going against our human desires? Wuyishan, a fairyland where heaven and man are integrated, can produce the essence of Zhu Neo-Confucianism, that is, "observing heaven and destroying human desires". He emphasized morality and thought that people should give up "selfish desires" and conform to "justice", that is, the ethical order of the external world. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism is rich in content and profound. Judging from the cultural connection between Zhu and Wuyishan, there are mainly the following points:
First of all, Wuyishan is a treasure trove of Zhu's fame.
The most abundant cultural resources in Wuyishan are Zhu. As the saying goes, "Zhou Dong is a master, Song Nan is a scholar.". Comparing him with Confucius, later generations also called him "Zhu Fuzi". Zhu Zu was born in Wuyuan, Jiangxi Province with beautiful scenery. The characters in his works are Hui, Zhong Hui and Horn. Huian. 1 130 was born in Youxi county, Fujian province, and his father Zhu Song was the county magistrate here at this time. After his father died of illness in the 13th year of the Southern Song Dynasty, he followed his father's wishes and went to Chong 'an, Fujian, where he lived and grew up in Wuyishan under the guidance of his father's good friend Liu Mianzhi and other famous scholars. Zhu is diligent and ambitious. Liu Mianzhi likes him very much and betrothed his daughter to Zhu as his wife. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1 148), he was a scholar. He served as Zuo Di Gong Lang, a transshipment ambassador, Zhang Huan's official system, secretary editing system, and Bao Wen's official system. After his death, he was named "Taishi" and "Guo Huigong". Known as Zhu Wengong. He wrote many books in his life. According to the description statistics of Sikuquanshu, there are 25 kinds of Zhu's works with more than 600 volumes, with a total word count of about 20 million words. Such as Notes on Four Books and Sentences, Biography of Poems, Zhuzi School, Wen and Zhu Huiji.
Wuyishan is inextricably linked with Zhu's Neo-Confucianism. Zhu went to Wuyishan from the age of 14 until he died at the age of 7 1. He has been studying, writing and teaching in Wuyishan for more than 50 years. Zhu's Neo-Confucianism was conceived, formed, spread and developed here. Zhu founded Wuyi Jingshe (Ziyang Academy) and Kaoting Academy in Wuyishan, which became the most influential academies at that time. Many famous disciples and their descendants became famous Neo-Confucianism, which was handed down from generation to generation and formed an influential school, making Wuyishan a famous Neo-Confucianism mountain. Propped up half of China's ancient culture! It pushed Wuyishan at that time to the cultural peak of "holding the national academic ear"
Second, Wuyishan is the icing on the cake because of Zhu.
Zhu is the greatest thinker, philosopher and educator in China history after Confucius. He collected great academic achievements after Confucius, and Zhu collected questions and answers from Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao and their students. Together with the "Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism" founded by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, he formed an outstanding representative of Confucian ideology and culture-Zhuzi Neo-Confucianism, also known as post-Confucianism in the world, and was appointed as the official orthodox philosophy. China's ideological theory, which has been in the leading position for more than 700 years from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty (13rd century to 20th century), represents the traditional national spirit with universal significance and is an important development stage after Confucius in the history of oriental thought, education, philosophy and literature.
Here's a little story. When Wuyishan declared the world's "double heritage", "Is Zhu Xi Zhu Xi?" 1 99965438+February1day, the 23rd General Assembly of UNESCO World Heritage Committee unanimously approved Wuyishan as a natural and cultural heritage on the World Heritage List, making it one of the 22 double heritage sites in the world.
Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism has become the standard of right and wrong in people's daily words and deeds and the main content of understanding and practice. It has played a positive role in promoting people's theoretical thinking, educating people to be knowledgeable, cultivating people's sentiments, maintaining social stability and promoting historical progress.
Third, Zhu and Wuyishan's international influence
Zhu's theory has not only had a far-reaching influence on China for more than 700 years since Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, but also penetrated into all aspects of China's social life, covering oceans as far as East Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe and America, becoming the embodiment of East Asian civilization, and still attracting experts and scholars from 50 countries and regions to study Zhu's Neo-Confucianism. But also to Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and even some countries in the world. Radio Television Hong Kong and Ming Pao jointly organized the "Millennium Elected by the People", which was announced in July 1999. Only the 50 most influential figures in 1000 years were elected in that election. Results The top 10 figures came from different countries and eras, and Sun Yat-sen and Mao Zedong ranked fourth and eighth respectively. "Wen Gong An" Zhu Xi ranked 42nd, ahead of Churchill, Cao Xueqin, Keynes, Dante and Goethe.
The study of Zhu's theory has always been valued by scholars at home and abroad. 1In July, 990, international academic conferences were held in Fuzhou and Wuyishan, China to commemorate the 860th anniversary of Zhu Zi's birth. More than 260 scholars and experts from China Strait, French, Japanese, Korean, Hongkong and other countries and regions gathered together. With new ideas and new methods, they launched a heated debate and discussion around the historical position, world influence and contemporary value of Zhu studies and their academic thoughts, made a new evaluation and wrote a new chapter in international Zhu studies. Guangdong Zhu Thought Research Association was established 199 1. 1993 in the early summer, an international seminar on Zhu's academic thoughts was held in Zhongshan University, Guangdong Province. Scholars from the United States, Malaysia, South Korea, provinces and cities, Hong Kong and other regions and representatives of Zhu Descendants attended the meeting. In April, China Zhu Research Association was established, 1994, which further promoted the study of Zhu Thought at home and abroad. At present, Japan, South Korea, etc. Established a research institute in Zhuzi. The Japanese government also allocated special funds for this purpose, and organized domestic famous Zhuzi scholars to compile the Complete Works of Zhuzi Studies with volume 10, and conducted a comprehensive study of Zhuzi Studies. Besides Japan, the United States, Britain, Germany, France, the Commonwealth of Independent States and Southeast Asian countries have also attached great importance to the study of Zhu in recent years. 1984, the United States held the first international conference on Zhu studies in Hawaii. This meeting devoted to a scholar's thoughts is rare in the world.
Zhu had a successful career as a teenager, but his political stance and opinions were contrary to those in power, so his career was quite bumpy. In his later years, he was frustrated personally, and the country was dying. In his loneliness and pain, on the one hand, he wrote a book to express his anger, on the other hand, he sent his feelings to the mountains and rivers to relieve his worries. Therefore, Zhu also left many poems and songs in Wuyishan, praising Wuyi mountains and rivers. For example, when he visited Jiuquxi, he wrote "JiuquAcura": there is a fairy spirit on Wuyi Mountain, and the cold current at the foot of the mountain is clear. If you want to know the wonders of China, you can listen to two or three songs. Then he gave a detailed description of every song in Jiuquxi, and finally ended with "Yu Lang is looking for Taoyuan Road, but it's a pity that there is another day in the world". He expressed his feelings for Wuyi mountains and rivers, and also expressed his feelings for himself.
Zhu belongs to Wuyi Mountain. I think, in order to understand the culture of Wuyishan, Gu, Li Shangyin, Fan Zhongyan, Xin Qiji, Lu You, Xu Xiake and other celebrities have all been to Wuyishan and have activities here. The literati of past dynasties left more than 450 cliff stone carvings and 1400 ancient poems, which can be called the treasure house of China calligraphy art and left extremely precious cultural remains for Wuyishan. These cultural relics, combined with the beautiful natural landscape and compared with the historical records and the present situation of China, are very valuable for studying the rise and fall of Confucianism and Confucianism, and even the history of China's philosophical thought, and are the treasures of China's traditional culture.