With the heat rising again and again in Lanzhou, Yunnan, many new friends have joined the Yilan army. But these Lanyou who participated in Lantian, like me, were faced with pots of snow when they were shopping in Lanzhou. The more they look at it, the more confused they get. I wonder which pot is real. Which pot is fake? At the same time, driven by economic interests, a few moral corrupt elements pass off inferior products and pass off petals of spring sword, blue and broad-leaved green (white) lotus as snow lotus. Occasionally, I heard that someone was cheated. Now I will introduce my personal accumulated identification methods as follows for your reference.
First of all, the snow element
"Snow Crisp" was collected by a man named Ivan Lee in Shigu Town near Jinsha River during Xianfeng or Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty. Because the leaves are as white as snow, they get the name of snow element, also known as big jasmine.
Its outstanding features are as follows:
1. pseudobulb is round, and the part near the excavation is garlic-shaped; Buds and leaf buds are white when they are first unearthed, and their tips are reddish.
2. The leaves are thick and difficult to handle, mostly 7 leaves.
3. Leaf sheaths are light green and have no pockmarks.
4. The leaves of the old and strong leaves are dark green and shiny, and the new leaves are light green; Some leaves have prickles and crepes.
5. There is a middle vein on the dorsal vein of the leaf, and there are six or seven veins on the left and right sides; Among them, 3 main and lateral veins stand out obviously, and 2 (each side 1 vein) stand out slightly; The sawtooth is obvious and rough.
6. Basal leaves overlap and alternate.
7.6543810-March flowers, 2-4 flowers. The petals are all vegetarian, the lips are white with peach cheeks, and there are faint shallow water marks.
In the lunar custom of northwest Yunnan, the snow crisp can be divided into Lijiang Shigu Snow Crisp, Heqing Snow Crisp and Weishan New Year's Day Orchid (which can also be divided into Dayuan Danlan and Xiao Xin 'an Orchid). Among the three varieties, Shigu Daxue Crisp is the best, Heqing Daxue Crisp is better, and Weishan New Year's Day Orchid is also good. The difference is that the leaves of Shigu Dasu are thick, hard to feel, and the bottom of the leaves is tight but not scattered, and the feet are tight and high, and the height is more than 15cm. On New Year's Day, the leaves of orchids are soft and very drooping, and the leaves are extremely thin and twisted, and the pseudobulb is small and the expansion is not obvious. Foot-binding leaves are short and easy to die, and the leaf base is open and scattered. Heqing University is somewhere in between.
Second, the similar products of Daxuesu.
In the orchid market, similar varieties that are often used to pretend to be Daxuesu are Chunjian, Cymbidium, and broad-leaved white (green) lotus petals. The differences between these varieties and snow elements are as follows:
1. Spring Sword: pseudobulb is small and slightly spherical; 2) Thin leaves, 4-6 pieces, erect; 3) The leaves are dark green. The leaf color of the spring sword is darker than that of the heavy snow. Rough leaves; 4) There are many veins on the back and feet of leaves, and they are obviously protruding; 5) Flowers are mostly yellow-green.
2. Green orchid: pseudobulb is not obvious; 2) 8- 10 leaves; 3) Clustered, but the leaf base is scattered; 4) There are many water seams at the base of leaves, but there are no water seams in Daxuesu; 5) There are ***5 edges on the back of the leaf, among which * * * has three obvious edges, including the midvein, that is, there is an obvious microprojection on the left and right; 6) The leaf margin has fine serrations or no serrations, so it is not easy to see the serrations without careful inspection; 7) There are 4-6 flowers, the color is green, the color of the lips is green, and the green lips are pure green. If they are not green, the green bottom of the lips has spots.
3. Broad-leaved white (green) lotus petals: This kind of lotus petals are clean and delicate, and the leaves are wide, much like snow elements; Only the leaf quality is thicker and harder, and the leaf groove is deeper; The newly unearthed leaf buds and flower buds are mixed in color, which is not as dull as the bud tip of Daxuesu is only a little reddish. Pseudobulb is small and slightly spherical, and there are mixed filaments on the buds and feet of the new bag.
Third, the lotus petal snow element.
Also known as Yexueyuan, this famous product in western Yunnan is only introduced from the perspective of appreciation, because it has not been publicized in the past; Moreover, the stock is small, and few people know this variety. This variety is very similar to Daxuesuo, which belongs to broad leaf, medium-high stalk, semi-drooping or drooping leaves, peach cheeks and water marks; The difference is that it is petal-shaped or quasi-lotus-shaped The petals are tightly held from beginning to end, and the skylight does not open. The leaves are deep, thick and serrated (hard to see if you look closely), and the leaves are in a row. As early as 199 1, when Mr. Chen Yuanxing, a Sichuan Lanjia, wrote a book "On the Orchid Plain in China", he once wrote that "whenever a lotus petal of Daxuesu or Xiaoxuesu is found in Yunnan, it will stir the orchid flower bed". Can the excavation and cultivation of wild snow elements be said to have fulfilled Teacher Chen's orchid dream?
-
About Daxuesu and Orchids on New Year's Day. . .
Snow crisp, commonly known as Da Suxin, is also called New Year's Day. There are five or six varieties of local orchids, all of which are horticultural varieties. They have been planted for hundreds of years and are native to parts of western Yunnan. Because the flower-shaped structure of Saussurea involucrata is almost the same, it is customary to regard Saussurea involucrata and New Year's Day Orchid as the same species. But there are obvious differences in leaf shape. Daxuesu is wider and shorter than Daxuesu on New Year's Day, and its leaves are slightly thicker and harder. On New Year's Day, the orchid leaves are soft and drooping, and pseudobulb is smaller than Daxuesu, without obvious swelling. Snow tree is famous for its beautiful, natural, free and easy foliage, white and elegant colors, pleasant fragrance and welcoming the new year's blooming. It is the best orchid in Yunnan. There used to be wild species in history, and Weishan county in western Yunnan has two treasures of orchids on New Year's Day. Dayuan Danlan is taller than New Year's Day Orchid and grows vigorously. Its leaves are curved and banded, and each cluster spits 6-7 pieces, which are clustered. Orchids are generally clustered into 6 pieces on New Year's Day, with drooping leaves and slightly wider in the middle. The flower diameter of Dayuan Danlan is 0.5- 1cm larger than that of Xiao Xin 'an Ri. Sepal petals are 0.2-0.5cm wide, with many flowers 1-2. The flowering period is generally similar, and the growth momentum of Dayuan Danhua is more vigorous than Xiao Xin 'an Orchid. Saussurea involucrata, the fleshy root is thick, fat and solid, and it is not forked. Pseudobulb is round, with garlic-shaped parts near the cut, drooping leaves, slightly thick texture, hard hand feeling and elegant overall posture. In May and June of heavy snow, spring buds were unearthed and the leaf sheaths were light green; The leaves are dark green and shiny, and the back of the leaves is lighter than the leaves. The flower arrow blooms from August to September, and it blooms in 65438+February and1-February. The flowering period is almost around New Year's Day and lasts for more than a month. Bracts are green and white with green stripes, pedicels are jade and green, 20-30cm high and erect. Generally, there are 3-4 flowers on leaves, which are racemes. The color is milky white, pure and elegant, and the fragrance is elegant and refreshing. Narcissus petals are the most common flower pattern, and there are also narrow lotus petals with flat or nearly flat shoulders, and the flower diameter is 7-8cm. The lip is white and rolled back, the pistil is flawless, the lateral lobes are white, the pistil is boat-shaped, the teeth are white, the flower cap is yellowish white, and the pleated white is vertical.