As early as the Paleolithic Age, there were ancient human activities in Hunan. 1.20 thousand years ago, people planted rice here, and Hunan ancestors began to settle here 5000 years ago.

Hunan was the land of Sanmiao, Baipu and Yangyue in primitive society. According to the archaeological excavations in Ningxiang County, Anxiang County, Jinshi County, Lixian County, Daoxian County and peace county, it is proved that there were human activities in the Paleolithic Age in Hunan 400,000 years ago, and rice was planted as early as 1 10,000 years ago. As early as 5,000 years ago in the Neolithic Age, the ancestors of Hunan began to settle down.

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Hunan is located in the transition zone from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to Jiangnan hills and Nanling Mountains to Jianghan Plain. It is a horseshoe-shaped landform surrounded by mountains on three sides and open to the north. It consists of plains, basins, hills, mountains and rivers and lakes. It spans the Yangtze River and the Pearl River and belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate. ?

As of May, 2002 1 year, Hunan Province had 14 prefecture-level administrative regions, including 13 prefecture-level cities and1autonomous prefecture. There are 36 municipal districts, 19 county-level cities, 60 counties and 7 autonomous counties, with a total of 122 county-level divisions. 403 streets, 1 138 towns, 309 townships and 83 ethnic townships, with a total of 1933 township divisions.