Water comes from a well, and water is the source of life. Xiquan Gujing is located in Xijing Street, Huating, Huocun Village. Although it covers an area of only about 89 square meters, it has a history of 100 years. A monument about 70 cm high and 50 km wide was erected beside the well. There are four red characters engraved on the tablet-"Xiquan Ancient Well", and on the right side is engraved "Ji Dan in the Middle East in the first year of Xianfeng". Looking down, the well water is clear and visible. Drinking it, the clear spring is refreshing, and taking water to make tea is refreshing and sweet, which is the uniqueness of the ancient well. Children carry water from ancient wells to tease, and village women carry water to wash clothes. Very lively.
We came to the well, chatted with Aunt Zhong who was washing clothes, and listened to her story. The 70-year-old man said, "Gu Jing has made great contributions to solving the drinking water problem of people in Huating Village and Gangtouyuan Village in Huocun. When the war is raging, when the war is raging, the people are hungry and have a full meal. Poor families can only make tea with ancient well water and eat cassava to satisfy their hunger, and it is difficult to raise several children. "
No matter during the war years, the founding of New China, the reform and opening up, and the scientific development and construction of new countryside, Xiquan ancient well has always been the source of life for the people in Huocun. Times have changed, more houses have been built, and the ancient well water is still sweet. Although community residents now use tap water, villagers still like to wash clothes with ancient well water and help children bathe with ancient well water.
Xiquan ancient well, which is the eternal legacy of Huocun people.
Second, looking forward to restoration and glory-Xiyue Temple
Along the overgrown path, I came to Xiyue Temple. The temple is small and the building is simple, but it is dedicated to King Hong Sheng, which records the historical origins of Guan and Zhong.
It turned out that the temple was originally the ancestral hall of Guanshui Village. At that time, the whole village was surnamed Guan. In the old society, due to many soldiers, thieves, floods, droughts, droughts and other reasons, the village dispersed and people left. The villagers decided to sell the ancestral temple to a villager named Zhong Gang Touyuan, so it was renamed Hongsheng Ancient Temple, also known as Xiyue Temple. This temple was rebuilt twice during the Qianlong and Guangxu periods of the Qing Dynasty. Due to years of disrepair, the temple has fallen into ashes and weeds are everywhere. If it is not rebuilt, Xiyue Temple will disappear. It is the wish of Huocun people to rebuild the Xiyue Temple, which has a history of more than 400 years, and to reproduce the historical glory of the ancient temple.
Third, the imperial court's important minister returned home in splendor-the tomb of Nanyuan Zhan and his wife
Zhan Ruoshui, also known as Zhan Ganquan, was the three ministers of the Ming Dynasty (now called deputy prime minister), and the Central South Garden of Gangtou Garden in Huocun was related to Zhan Ruoshui in Xintang Town. Mr. and Mrs. Zhan's tomb is located in Huocun, the old village. The grave is dark. When they heard that the villagers in Gangtouyuan village wanted their children to get official titles, they went to burn incense and pray. But at present, it is also a bleak scene of disrepair.
Four, Luogang Huocun Huatingfang is listed as a traditional village in the protection planning of Guangzhou's historical and cultural city.
Traditional villages refer to villages with material and intangible cultural heritage and high historical, cultural, scientific, artistic, social and economic values.
On August 3, 2009, Huocun Huatingfang was declared as a traditional ancient village by the Luogang District People's Government of Guangzhou, and was listed on February 25, 20 165438. At present, this sign with the words "Huatingfang Ancient Village, Protection Fire Village, Luogang District" is hung on the middle street wall on the north side of Huatingfang front reservoir.
20 14 12 18, the officially implemented "Guangzhou Historical and Cultural City Protection Plan" listed Huatingfang in Huocun as a traditional village protection.
/kloc-In June of 0/9, the Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities in Guangzhou, which was first submitted to the Standing Committee of Guangzhou Municipal People's Congress for deliberation, also listed traditional villages as key protection. Traditional villages should put forward measures to protect the overall pattern and historical environment elements in village planning or regulatory detailed planning; Construction activities such as new construction, reconstruction and expansion within the core protection scope of traditional villages shall not change the traditional pattern and historical features.
According to the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Protection and Development of Traditional Villages jointly issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Finance, the protection and development of traditional villages should be implemented as a whole.
In the section of "improving the production and living conditions of villages", it is emphasized that "it is forbidden to demolish and build ancient villages".
In the part of protection measures for traditional villages in the Protection Plan for Famous Cities, it is required to "focus on the protection of traditional patterns, historical features and spatial scales, and protect the natural environment, landscape and landscape corridors that are interdependent with villages." "To protect immovable cultural relics, historical buildings and buildings with traditional features, it is strictly forbidden to demolish large buildings, and the height, volume and color of new buildings should be coordinated with traditional features."
It is understood that at present, there are more than ten immovable cultural relics identified in Huocun and the latest census immovable cultural relics and traditional architectural clues.
Huatingfang in Huocun is a distinctive Guangfu ancient village. Its characteristics are mainly reflected in: the red brick gables of several ancestral halls along the street and the open drainage system of vertical and horizontal streets and lanes; In addition, the old house retains rich historical information. For example, the houses built by the poor are rammed earth walls; A little richer is "gold-coated silver" (that is, bricks or stones for external walls and adobe or rammed earth for internal walls); The richest houses are built with blue bricks and roof trusses.
There are more than a dozen cultural relics protection units here, and traditional buildings are in pieces, arranged in an orderly manner and have a certain scale. Ancient buildings include ancestral halls, reading rooms, residential houses, alleys, etc., and the types are quite rich. It is worth noting that the entrance appliances of traditional houses have the Lingnan characteristics of supporting the overhanging eaves with the inserted arches, and the shape of the inserted arches imitates the muscles of human arms.
The plane pattern of the ancient village is basically preserved, but in recent years, more than a dozen houses with more than four floors have destroyed the spatial pattern of the ancient village. The new building blocks the viewing corridor between the pond and the back hill.
Compared with other ancient villages in Guangzhou, the biggest difference is that buildings (including buildings in the early Qing Dynasty) use a large number of red bricks. Only the ancient villages in the coastal areas of Wuchuan and Zhanjiang in Guangdong Province mostly use red bricks.
Because many houses are adobe buildings, it is also a major feature here to use the suspended hilltops to prevent rain. Houses in the Pearl River Delta region are mostly blue brick walls, which are not afraid of rain but should be windproof. Generally, hard hills are used.
Hua Ting Square, a traditional village in Guangzhou, has been published. Must be in accordance with the "Guangzhou historical and cultural city protection plan" thirty-ninth seven protection measures. The most crucial one is paragraph (3): "Traditional villages should focus on protecting traditional patterns, historical features and spatial scales ...". If these are destroyed, other paragraphs will be difficult to achieve. Therefore, at present, the first priority is to stop individual villagers from rushing to build multi-storey buildings with more than three floors. If it cannot be controlled, the spatial pattern and historical features of traditional villages will be destroyed, and it will not be a veritable traditional village. Therefore, traditional villages emphasize the protection of the whole, not the protection of single buildings.
Encourage villagers to repair or rebuild and restore the living function.
If the Huating Square in Huocun Village needs to be "protected as a whole" in the renovation, how can it meet the requirements of "Protecting the traditional pattern, historical features and spatial scale, and protecting the natural environment, landscape and landscape corridors that are interdependent with the village" in the Protection Plan of Famous Historical and Cultural Cities in Guangzhou?
Tang Guohua, a professor at Guangzhou University's School of Architecture and Urban Planning, believes that the quality of houses here is relatively poor, which requires a lot of energy to maintain. If you keep the ancient village, you should treat it differently according to the situation: good quality houses will be repaired; The collapsed house needs rebuilding. Reconstruction does not necessarily need to be restored to the Qing dynasty. First, the characteristics of arches, overhangs and stone door sets can be retained, and red bricks, blue bricks, slates and stone feet can continue to be used; Second, the original pattern of three rooms and two corridors can change with the development of the times. In the Qing dynasty, the original residence was one floor, which could be rebuilt by two or two and a half floors. The balcony can be added on the second floor, and the ladder house adopts the traditional sloping roof. Adjacent houses can also be opened to improve indoor space.
He believes that the government-led, villagers' improvement and reconstruction of their homes is the only way to revive ancient villages. It is suggested that the government encourage villagers to repair or rebuild old houses and restore and improve their living functions. The house is well built, and the villagers are willing to move back to test the wisdom of the government and the skill of designers. You can do a pilot first and then promote it in an all-round way. The original farmland ecological landscape can be partially restored around the pond, and crops, citrus and flowers and trees can be planted. The back mountain restores the fengshui forest. There should be a transition zone between the ancient village and the surrounding high-rise buildings. This isolation belt can be used as green space and park.
Developers and designers should not lead the transformation scheme.
Professor Wang Shifu, director of the urban planning department of the School of Architecture, South China University of Technology, who is planning the renovation of two traditional villages in the Pearl River Delta, first questioned: "The renovation of the' three old' should not simply include the old villages and the old urban areas, and implement a single economic goal and extensive material changes, because the old villages and the old urban areas have complex property rights relations and bear profound non-economic values."
On the other hand, he also pointed out that when the relationship between traditional forms and modern life is not properly handled, such as how to use ancient buildings, why the traditional living function is difficult to continue, and the degree to which new uses change traditional forms, we should take a cautious attitude and give priority to the material maintenance and repair of old villages and old cities.
For the renovation of ancient buildings, he believes that attention should be paid to the coordination between owners and other stakeholders, as well as the value judgment of protection priority. If the owners are unwilling to repair, and the government does not have enough resources to match the protection objectives, it should also be carefully shelved, and the functional activation of public welfare should be appropriately encouraged, which is not suitable for commercial activation.
Combining with the traditional village renovation he is doing, he said: "The renovation emphasizes the demolition and construction of materials, while the renovation should highlight the process of social progress, that is, it should not be dominated by the external forces of developers, governments or designers. Village owners should be encouraged to fully discuss the history and possible future results of the old village. This discussion needs the participation of two or three generations, and how to "inherit" is its core. Therefore, the villagers decide how to demolish the old ones and how to build the new ones through consensus.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) Poirot's birthday
Boluo birthday is also called Boluo stew. Polo's birthday in Huocun is February 12 every year (lunar calendar). This birthday is mainly to worship King Hong Sheng. A few days before the arrival of this day, every household made zongzi, and the locals called it (making zongzi). After cooking, everyone will cook zongzi at the door. In the past, people had nothing to eat, so they wrapped many zongzi in bags and hung them at home. When relatives and friends come to Huocun to visit the villagers, they use it (local people call it stew). There used to be ceremonies similar to the Nanhai Temple, as well as performances such as dramas, which were very lively. Now it may be because the West Temple has been in disrepair for a long time, and the traditional culture has gradually disappeared, which is really a pity.
Legend of origin:
The birth of Fire Village and Nanhai Temple have a historical origin. Legend has it that an official's daughter in Nanhai Temple wanted to marry into the fire village, but the official's daughter didn't want to marry into the fire village, so the official asked her why she didn't want to marry into the fire village. The daughter replied that there were no lively festivals, nothing interesting, and even Polo's birthday. So her father said, we have several birthdays here, and you thought about Poirot's birthday, so I gave them one and none. So the official gave the fire village on February 12 of the lunar calendar as Polo's birthday, so the daughter agreed to marry the fire village.