Life: Wang Anshi was born in an official family. He studied hard and read widely since he was a child. He traveled all over the country with the official and got in touch with some social realities. Understand the painful life of farmers. Therefore, when he was young, he made the ambition of "changing the world". After being a scholar at the age of twenty-two, he served as a magistrate in Huainan, Yinxian, Zhou Shu, Changzhou and Jiangdong Prison, all of whom were sympathetic to people's feelings and promoted local interests. In the third year of Jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1058), when he was a judge, he wrote tens of thousands of books to Song Renzong, which profoundly exposed the decadent atmosphere of the official system, the imperial examination and extravagance, demanded political reform and strengthened border defense, and put forward the financial management principle of "collecting the wealth of the world for the expenses of the world", but it did not attract the attention of the court.
Achievements: Wang Anshi's political reform. The fundamental purpose of Wang Anshi's political reform is to change the situation of poverty and weakness in the Northern Song Dynasty, enhance the ability of external defense and internal pressure, and consolidate and strengthen feudal rule. It is nearly fifteen years from the second implementation of the new law to the abolition of the old school. In these fifteen years, after the implementation of each new law, although there are inevitably some drawbacks, they can basically achieve some results, and the effect of "enriching Qiang Bing" is very remarkable.
Evaluation: Huang Renyu, a Chinese-American historian, believes that many of Wang Anshi's reforms involved large-scale business and digital management in China at that time, but they were not accommodated by the bureaucratic culture at that time and lacked relevant technical capabilities, so they could not succeed. According to Mr. Huang Renyu, he can push the history of China forward by 65,438+0,000 years, because this change is a partial denial of the previous system or laws. At first, a few sensitive discoverers noticed the irrationality in the original system. Through hard work, more people have the need for change, which not only exerts necessary pressure on the court to promote its innovation, but also urges the court to comply with the requirements of the majority. Wang Anshi's thought of change, and the thoughts of all reformers before and after him, are the civilized achievements of human ideological resistance, and it is these achievements that make human beings have the possibility and direction to get rid of barbaric rule.