The full name of Zuozhuan is Chunqiu Zuozhuan, which is one of the thirteen Confucian classics and one of the twenty-four histories. Zuo Zhuan is not only a historical masterpiece of ancient Han nationality, but also a literary masterpiece. Zuo Zhuan is China's first detailed chronicle work.
Question 2: What is the style of Zuo Zhuan? Is it biographical or chronological? Or something else? What are the other names of Zuo Zhuan? (You can only answer the first ... chronological example "Zuo Zhuan" was originally named Zuo Chunqiu, and the Han Dynasty was renamed "Chunqiu Zuozhuan".
Question 3: Zuo Zhuan is China's first history book. Zuo Zhuan is the first chronological historical work with complete narrative in China and one of the Thirteen Classics. Originally known as Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, it was renamed Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals in Han Dynasty, referred to as Zuo's Biography for short. According to legend, it was written by Zuo Qiuming at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period to explain Confucius' Spring and Autumn Annals. Zuo Zhuan is an independent history book in essence. It began in the year of Luyin (722 BC) and ended in the 14th year of Lu Daogong (453 BC). Based on the Spring and Autumn Annals, it illustrates the outline of the Spring and Autumn Annals by describing the specific historical facts of the Spring and Autumn Period, which is one of the important Confucian classics.
Question 4: Is Zuo Zhuan an an early historical work of China? The full name of Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period is one of the thirteen Confucian classics. Zuo Zhuan is not only a historical masterpiece of ancient Han nationality, but also a literary masterpiece. Zuo Zhuan is China's first detailed chronicle work.
Question 5: What schools are the Warring States Policy and Zuo Zhuan? Zuo Zhuan is a chronicle, Warring States Policy is a national history, and Historical Records is a biography.
Question 6: What kind of history books are they? Zuo Zhuan is an ancient chronological historical work.
Zuo Zhuan is a chronological historical work in ancient China. Zuo Zhuan is the full name of Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, formerly known as Zuo Chunqiu, and also known as Zuo Chunqiu and Zuo Shi in the Han Dynasty. It was called Zuo Zhuan only after the Han Dynasty. It is also called "Three Biographies of Spring and Autumn" with Biography of Ram and Biography of Gu Liang.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
Legend has it that Zuo Zhuan was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Sima Qian, Ban Gu and others all think that Zuo Zhuan was written by Zuo Qiuming. Liu Zhiji and Shi Tong in Tang Dynasty? "Six Classics": "Zuo Chuanjia, whose first is from Zuo Qiuming." In the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Kuang first suspected that Zuo Zhuan was not written by Zuo Qiuming. Since then, many scholars have expressed doubts about this. Many people think that Zuo Zhuan was not Zuo Qiuming. Ye Mengde believes that the author came from the Warring States period; Zheng Qiao's Six Classics and Olympics is considered to be the Chu people in the Warring States Period. Zhu thought it was the post-Chu Zuo's leaning; Xiang Anshi thought it was done by Wei people; Cheng Duanxue thinks it is a fake book. Ji Yun in Qing Dynasty still thinks that it was written by Zuo Qiuming in the Catalogue of Siku Quanshu. Kang Youwei thinks it was written by Liu Xin. Today, it is believed that Wu Qi did it, and Zhao Guangxian thinks that it was done by Zuo Shi, a native of Lu during the Warring States Period. It is generally believed that Zuo Zhuan was written by Wu Qi and was written in the middle of the Warring States Period (the middle of the 4th century BC).
Based on the Spring and Autumn Annals, Zuo Zhuan illustrates the outline of Spring and Autumn Annals by describing the specific historical facts in the Spring and Autumn Period. Sima Qian's Historical Records? The Chronicle of Twelve Governors said: "Zuo Qiuming, a gentleman of Lu, was afraid of heresy among his disciples, and each had his own opinions and lost his reason. Therefore, due to the historical records of Confucius, it became the Spring and Autumn Period of the Left. "
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Zuo Zhuan represents the highest achievement of pre-Qin historiography, is an important document to study pre-Qin history and Spring and Autumn history, and has a great influence on later historiography, especially on establishing the status of chronological history books. Moreover, because it has a strong Confucian tendency, it emphasizes hierarchical order and patriarchal ethics, attaches importance to the distinction between honor and inferiority, and also shows the idea of "people-oriented", which is also an important historical material for studying Confucianism in the pre-Qin period.
Zuo Zhuan mainly records the decline of the royal family in Zhou Dynasty and the history of the hegemony of princes, and records and comments on various etiquette norms, laws and regulations, social customs, ethnic relations, moral concepts, astronomy and geography, calendar seasons, ancient documents, myths and legends, and ballads. Jin Fanning commented on the characteristics of the three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals and said: "Zuo's family is gorgeous and rich, but its loss is also a witch." Gu Liang is clear and elegant, but its loss is short-lived. It is vulgar to argue about Ram. "
Zuo Zhuan is not only a historical work, but also an excellent literary work. It is manifested in the following aspects: it is good at describing war, so some people call it "cutting books with each other"; He is also good at portraying characters and attaching importance to recording words.
Zuo Zhuan received academic attention in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and was annotated by Zheng Xuan and Du Fu successively. Later, it became an important classic in the study of Spring and Autumn Annals.
Zuo Zhuan's position in historiography has always been commented as an important ancient book that opened Shiji and Hanshu after Shangshu and Chunqiu.
Question 7: What are the two stylistic features of Zuo Zhuan? 5-point Zuo Zhuan is the abbreviation of Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan, also known as Chunqiu Zuoshi, and it is the chronicle of Chunqiu Zuoshi. Later Zuozhuan combined it with Chunqiu as a classic book, which was called Chunqiu Zuozhuan for short.
Together with Chunqiu Gongyang Biography and Chunqiu Guliang Biography, they are called "Chunqiu Sanzhuan". Zuo Zhuan is an independent history book in essence. The author of Zuo Zhuan, Sima Qian and Ban Gu, said that it was written by Zuo Qiuming, but now it is generally believed that it was written by people in the early years of the Warring States.
Zuo Zhuan, formerly known as Zuo's Chunqiu Zhuan, is also called Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan, or Zuoshi Chunqiu, which is a great historical and literary work. It is the first chronicled history book in China (the earliest chronicled history book is Chunqiu and the largest chronicled history book is Zitongzhijian), so Zuozhuan can only be said to be the earliest detailed. According to legend, it was written by Zuo Qiuming at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period to explain Confucius' Spring and Autumn Annals. It began in the year of Luyin (722 BC) and ended in the 14th year of Lu Daogong (453 BC). Based on the Spring and Autumn Annals, it illustrates the outline of the Spring and Autumn Annals by describing the specific historical facts of the Spring and Autumn Period, which is one of the important Confucian classics. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was called Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals, and in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed Chunqiu Zuozhuan.
The influence of Zuo Zhuan on later generations is first reflected in history. It not only developed the chronological style of Spring and Autumn Annals, but also recorded and preserved a part of the popular practical writing at that time, which provided reference for the development of applied writing in later generations. Chen Y of the Song Dynasty said that there are eight kinds of life, such as oath, alliance, prayer, remonstration, concession, writing and ceremony, which are far more than these.
Author of Zuo Zhuan
Zuo Zhuan is the work of Zuo Qiuming. Its chronology is roughly the same as Spring and Autumn Annals, only seventeen years later. Different from the outline form of Chunqiu, Zuo Zhuan
Its content describes the important political, military and diplomatic events and related remarks of various countries in this period, as well as the things of heaven, ghosts and gods, divination and dreams. What the author thinks can be used for reference and advice is recorded.
The author of Zuo Zhuan is still an unsolved mystery. Western Han historians Sima Qian, Ban Gu and others all believe that Zuo Zhuan was written by Zuo Qiuming. Sima Qian's Historical Records? The Chronicle of Twelve Governors said: "Zuo Qiuming, a gentleman of Lu, was afraid of heresy among his disciples, and each had his own opinions and lost his reason. Therefore, due to the historical records of Confucius, it became the Spring and Autumn Period of the Left. "Zhao Kuang in the Tang Dynasty first suspected that Zuo Zhuan was not written by Zuo Qiuming. Since then, many scholars have expressed doubts about this. Ye Mengde believes that the author came from the Warring States period; Zheng Qiao's Six Classics and Olympics is considered to be the Chu people in the Warring States Period. Zhu thought it was the post-Chu Zuo's leaning; Xiang Anshi thought it was done by Wei people; Cheng Duanxue thinks it is a fake book. Ji Yun in Qing Dynasty still thinks that it was written by Zuo Qiuming in the Catalogue of Siku Quanshu. Kang Youwei asserted in the late Qing Dynasty that it was forged by Liu Xin in the late Western Han Dynasty. However, Zuo Zhuan has been copied or quoted by many people before Liu Xin, and Kang's theory is difficult to establish. Today, it is believed that Wu Qi did it, and Zhao Guangxian thinks that it was done by Zuo Shi, a native of Lu during the Warring States Period. Most contemporary scholars believe that it was written by people in the early Warring States period. According to Yang Bojun's research, the book was written between 403 BC and 386 BC.