The origin of Gong's surname.
The surname of Jiaodong Palace originated from Ji's surname, and the ancestor was Gong's surname in the Spring and Autumn Period. In history, when the King of Wu established the Zhou Dynasty and enfeoffed the princes of the world, he named Yu Zhong, the nephew of his great-grandfather. And named Yu Zhong's son (Tong, Yin? Same? ) monarch, Gong Li's country was destroyed by the state of Jin after several generations. Gong, whose real name is Ji, also called Qi, was later a member of the monarch of Gong's country. Miyagi was destroyed by the state of Jin, so he left Miyagi for the state of Yu, and left Miyagi for the right ear (right? Hey? What is the original font next to it? Hey? Word,? Hey? For the meaning of vassal States, entering the city means leaving the old country. Miyagi? What are you doing in the city? Palace? ), change the surname of Gong, the name is strange. Since then, Gong's family has appeared, with a history of more than 2,600 years.
After Gong arrived in Yuzhou, he became a doctor and assisted in Yuzhou. He is a good minister. ? Auxiliary cars depend on each other, and their lips are dead and their teeth are cold? These two famous idioms and allusions tell the story of Gong. & lt& lt Zuozhuan. Five years of tribute >>,<& lt Gu Liang biography in the Spring and Autumn Period. Yu Shi's "Jin Shi Destroyed xia yang"; ,<& lt history. Jin Family >>,<& lt Han Shu. Biography of Xin Qingji >; & gt There are also accounts about Gong and others.
As far as the national population is concerned, Gong is a small surname. In the third national census of 1982, from the sampling results of seven provinces, Gong's surname ranked152; However, according to the statistics of the State Language Committee, Gong's surname ranks 2 12.
Throughout the country, the source of Gong's family is Gong's descendant and the subject of Gong's family. In addition, Gong's surname has several origins: 1. Some descendants of Nangong family changed their surnames to Gong. 2. Zhou Guan? Imperial secretary? Descendants, take the official position as their surname. (These two palace surnames are both after Ji surnames. ) 3. Some Gong and Gong's names were changed to Gong's. The fire in Huigong in Ming Dynasty was caused by the palace. 5. In Qing Dynasty, Manchu Gong Jiashi was changed to Gong Jiashi. 6. The Mongols also changed Gong's.
(note:? & lt Miyagi >? Some microcomputers may not display it. What is it? Palace? Add the word to the right ear. Interpretation of Kangxi Dictionary: Gong Li, Tong and Er. Ancient country name)
(Yi: 1. The country is also a vassal country. Du Yi is also a suburb of the capital. 3.？ Hey? When you stand aside, you are right? Hey? . )
Jiaodong Palace is the ancestor.
Gong Xiru, with the first word and the fourth name, was appointed as Yuanzhou's defense envoy in the late Zhou Dynasty (AD 95 1-960). In the latter Zhou Dynasty, when he explained his position to the Song Dynasty, he lifted his title, took his wife and lived in seclusion in liu lin cun (now Liulinzhuang Village, jieshi town, Wendeng City) in front of the West Kunyu Mountain in the city that never sleeps. He is the founder of the sleepless house. Now all the palace surnames in Jiaodong are descendants of Xirugong.
After living in seclusion, Xi Rugong devoted himself to the Book of Changes and got its essence. Later, I met Tan Zhenren, a Taoist master, and worshipped him as a teacher. In the second year of Song Gande, Qian Kun (AD 964), the Western Confucian Duke settled in Nanyuan (now Kunyang Village, jieshi town, formerly known as Gongjiazhuang, renamed as 198 1) in front of Kunyu Mountain. When Song Taizu learned the news, he decided to build a temple in Nanyuan to carve a portrait for future generations for sacrifice. Ancestral temples, dragon monuments, monuments and other relics still existed during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and their ancestral temples were later called Shenxian Temple.
Western Confucian Duke is the ancestor of Jiaodong Palace surname, and his descendants are all over Jiaodong, all over the country and even all over the world. It can be said that his descendants are prosperous and full of melons.
(Xi Rugong's deeds are described according to the genealogy of Donglai Palace)
(Note: Due to the limited conditions, we were unable to go to liu lin cun and Kunyang Village for on-the-spot investigation. I wonder if there are any remains today. Please tell me if you want to know. )
Migration and distribution of palace surnames
Gong, the ancestor of Gong, was originally named Ji. He was originally from Gong Lin and lived in Shanggong (now the east of Pinglu County, Shaanxi Province). Gong Li was destroyed by Jin and took refuge in the country, living in Xin Palace (also in Pinglu County, Shanxi Province). The upper palace and the new palace are named after the residence of the palace. In the winter of 655 BC, the State of Yu was destroyed by the State of Jin, and the Duke took refuge again, leading his people to the east of Cao (now southwest of Dingtao County, Shandong Province). After death, he was buried in Xingong, Yuli Township, Pinglu County.
From this time until the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the Gong family had no systematic records in the history books, and the migration route and living area were not clear. There are signs that during the eastward migration of Gong and his people, Gong's descendants branched out in the first-line areas of Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and Anhui. There are several branches of Gongxing in China, all of which originated from here.
1. Gong Xiru, the ancestor of Donglai Gongshi, moved from the Central Plains to Wendeng in Jiaodong in the early Song Dynasty.
2. Xiao Lian Gong, the ancestor of Gong in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, moved from Henan to Jinghai County, Hebei Province in the early Ming Dynasty. After becoming the official seal of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, he settled in Taizhou and became a local noble family. (The story will be told later)
3. Gong De, the ancestor of the Gong family in Fan Shi, Shaanxi, was born in Shouzhou, Fengyang, Anhui. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, he rebelled with Zhu Yuanzhang, rose from a soldier to a commander in chief, and lived in Shanxi. At present, the population of Shanxi Palace is about 8,500.
Gong Youxian, the grandfather of Gongjiabao in Huxian County, Shaanxi Province, is the ancestor of several generations. In the early years of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, he immigrated to Shaanxi from the big pagoda tree in Hongtong County, Shanxi Province. The surname of this palace may be descended from Gong, a native of Shanxi.
5.( 1.) Gong Qing, the ancestor of Gongjia Village, Wiki Town, Huimin County, Shandong Province, moved to Gongjia Village from Zaoqiang County, Hebei Province in the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty. (2) Gong Shixian, the ancestor of Gong Jia Lao Zhuang in Linqu County, Shandong Province, moved here from Zaoqiang County, Hebei Province in the fourth year of Ming Hongwu.
6. Gong Youxian, the ancestor of Gong in Dongguang, Hebei Province, was born in Jimo, Shandong Province. In the second year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1404), he was in the third year of palace examination Senior Middle School (exploring flowers) and then moved to Dagongjia Village in the east of Dongguang County. There are about 3000 families in this village. According to the investigation, the Gong branch is one of Donglai Gong's.
7. Gong Kuan, the ancestor of Gong in Huaiyuan, Anhui Province, moved from Jurong County, Jiangsu Province to Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. According to the investigation, this Gong family is a branch of Taizhou Gong family, and now there are more than 4,800 households. Gong Kuan was appointed as Cheng of Gui 'an County, Zhejiang Province, and was named Di Gong Lang in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty.
The Gong family in China and other parts of the world are basically branches of these big families, or have a separate source, and the main body is Gong's descendants. As far as residence is concerned, Jiaodong is the largest settlement of Gong's family, and it is also the largest settlement of Gong's family.
Relocation of Donglai Palace
(a) Early migration
Gong Xiru, the originator of Donglai Gong family, went to Kunyu Mountain from Zhongyuan and lived in Liulinzhuang, jieshi town, Wendeng City. He lived here for a short time, starting from the Central Plains in the Zen and Song Dynasties (AD 960) in the late Zhou Dynasty, and dying in Nanyuan in front of Kunyu Mountain in the second year of Song Gande (AD 964), a total of only four years. According to textual research, Nanyuan, now Kunyang Village, was originally named Gongjiazhuang (198 1 renamed), and there was no Gong surname living in the early Yuan Dynasty (now occupied).
The descendants of Xirugong first lived in the surrounding villages centered on Liulinzhuang, and then migrated to other places. Inscriptions and genealogy books have recorded 1 1 generation since Confucian scholars, among which 13 people have names, and at least 28 people failed the exam. For example, the genealogy book records: Zhao Zhao, a descendant, was born in liu lin cun, then moved to Gongjiazhuang (Kunyang), and moved from Gongjiazhuang to Lingshang Village, Xiqiao, Yingxian County. Jia Chenggong moved from Shang Ling Village to Changshan Mountain to live in Changshan Village? . According to the Records of Wendeng City, the surname Gong of the village moved from Yunnan in the early Yuan Dynasty. It is estimated that the statement in the Records of Wendeng City is wrong. "Wendeng City Records" also records that the surname of liu ling Zhuang's palace was moved by Ye Haiyang in the middle of Ming Dynasty, which may be wrong. Gong ancestral hall all over the country has couplets: Liulin old clan, Zhi? ; ? Branch drowning, spectrum Shuo Kunshan? . Therefore, Gong in Liulin is an early indigenous clan, and also lived in Taohuaxian and moved out. Shui Gu refers to the river in front of liu lin cun, and Kunshan is Kunyu Mountain.
According to the Records of Rushan City, all the palace surnames in China are descendants of the old Liulin indigenous people in Wendeng County, which are mainly divided into three ethnic branches:
(1.) Liulin Palace is a branch that migrated to Zhuocun, Laiyang. This branch has the largest number of descendants, which will be discussed later.
(2) During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Liulin Palace moved to JOE Village, Feng Jia Town, and its descendants lived in Wugezhuang, Gongjiatuan and Nanxiwu villages. The spectrum book also records:? Is Xujiacun Yining after the Second Duke? . Yining, that is, Ninghai Prefecture. Feng Jia Town used to be under the jurisdiction of Ninghai Prefecture. It can be seen that the chronicle of this city is well-founded and credible.
(3) During the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, the surname of Wendeng Yicheng Palace (the same clan as Liulin Palace) moved to Gongjia Village, Baishatan Town, and its descendants lived in Gongjiazhuang and Tanxiao Village. Gong Bensen of Gongjiacun, who spent three years, put this branch of Gong Ling into the score book, counting 1 10000 words. Miyamoto was born in 1945, and is now Lishan? Dexin horticultural farm? Person in charge at the scene.
Liu is a descendant of Confucius. In his early years, besides staying in the local area and moving abroad, he formed three major ethnic branches. Later, because of making a living, studying and other reasons, they migrated sporadically, but there was no large-scale migration.
(2) Gongshi and Zhuocun in Laiyang City
The genealogy of Gong family in Donglai is the first ancestor of Gong's ancestor Gong Tianci and the seventh grandson of Gong Xiru. God-given ancestors had seven sons, and six sons lost their names. The sixth son, Gong Fu, moved from Wendeng Liulin to Zhuocun Village in Laiyang at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and was the ancestor of Gong family in Laiyang. At present, the order of Jiaodong Palace surnames is based on this, which was arranged by Gong Tiancai for the first time.
Gong Fuzu gave birth to uterine flow; Gong Wei gave birth to five sons, named benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith. After the five brothers were separated, Ren and Li lived in Zhuo Village. Yi and Zhi moved to Qingshan Village (Yazi Town, Rushan City); The letter moved back to Wendeng. Since then, descendants have thrived in all parts of Jiaodong and developed to the whole country and even the whole world.
(1.) moderns
The most prominent period of Jiaodong Palace surname in history is Laiyang Palace surname in Jin and Yuan Dynasties, with a well-off family background and outstanding achievements. It has fertile land, five industries in one house, and lives in an innocent family of farmers, poets, proprietors, and often more than 300 people. It was a noble family at that time.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jin Dading (A.D. 1 185), the fourth ancestor was a scholar, a Qingzhou secretariat official, and founding ceremony, a doctor in Chaolie, was given a purple fish bag; He is the first scholar in Gong's history; Give birth to a son and live a long life. Wu Zugong blessed a long life, gave Dr. Guanglu a gift, and gave birth to three sons: honesty, modesty and respect, all of whom have official titles. Liuzu Palace gave birth to nine sons, six of whom have official titles; There are ten grandchildren, seven of whom have official titles; The seventh Sungong Town, in the second year of Yuanyou (A.D. 13 15), was a scholar, respected the great Stuart, lived in Sangong, and was awarded Dr. Guanglu; Power is high and heavy, and it is Gong, the ancestor of Gong.
(2) moving cloth
The four ancestors had five brothers: Ren, Yi, Li, Zhi and Xin. After cooking, Ren and Li stayed in Zhuocun. With the development and increase of population, descendants began to move out and spread gradually.
According to the traditional custom in China, the eldest son lives in his former residence. Descendants of Renzu, the eldest son, and Chenggong, the eldest son of Li nationality (Line 3), lived in Zhuocun for sixteen generations, and did not start to move apart until the seventeenth. Focus on short distance and expand to the surrounding villages centered on Zhuocun. Zhuocun, which belongs to Jiangtuan Town, Laiyang City, is located on the left bank of the lower reaches of the Wulong River, surrounded by mountains and waters, with fertile land, which provides favorable environmental conditions for the survival and reproduction of the Gong family. At present, Zhuocun has more than 1.500 households with a population of more than 5,000, most of whom are surnamed Gong, so it is called the first village in Laiyang.
Li Zu's second grandson, Qian Gong, has six sons, 13 grandchildren. His descendants first lived in Zhuo Village and began to move in the tenth century. For example, Donggezhuang, Xizhongjing, Xutuan, Xuefang, Jimo Dahan Village, Penglai Gongjiazhuang, Pingdu Balizhuang and other villages in Laiyang all have descendants of Gong Qian Gong. Gong Youxian, the ancestor of Gong family in Dongguang, Hebei Province, was the third in Gongkao High School in the second year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (AD 1404). He was a member of the Gongjia family in Jimo, and later settled in Dagongjia village in the east of Dongguang county. He should be a descendant of Qian Gong.
Li's ancestors had nine sons and 10 grandchildren, who first lived in Zhuocun, and his descendants began to move in the tenth century. For example, in Wama, Zekou in Laiyang and Taocun in Qixia, their palace surnames are descendants of Gong Biao.
The fourth ancestor, Yi Hezhi (Line 2 and Line 4), lived in Qingshan Village. One family gave birth to Ford; Content gives birth to happiness, and happiness gives birth to great success. The genealogy of Donglai Palace records only one person, the great duke of the sixth century, and the subsequent lineage and name are lost. The genealogy of Donglai Palace was rebuilt in the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927). Five people from Qingshan participated in the revision of the genealogy, but there is no content of Qingshan in the article. I have asked many family elders why they are lost, and I don't know why. There is a family tree of Castle Peak Palace, which was rebuilt in the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924). The palace bears the womb and is the ancestor of Castle Peak clan. Judging from the total lineage and the generation of names, Gong Lu 'an's genealogy of Donglai is the fifteenth ancestor. If Luan Gong is a descendant of Dacheng Gong, there will be eight failed exams.
For Qingshan Village, Yazi Town, Rushan City, there is such a record in the Records of Rushan City: Gong Wen moved from Zhuo Village, Laiyang County to his village at the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, and named the mountain Qingshan. There is an error in this record. First of all, the family tree of Castle Peak Palace clearly records that it was about the fifteenth century after the article was published. According to a generation of up to 30 years, the age of the article is around 1550, that is, the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, but the time recorded in the city annals is obviously inconsistent with the text. Third, Gong Yi and Gong Zhi, the four ancestors of Laiyang, were the earliest ancestors who moved from Zhuocun to Qingshan. According to records, in the 25th year of Jin Dading (A.D. 1 185), Jinshi celebrated in his brother's palace; According to the fact that the descendants of Gong in Laiyang were mostly around the 30th century, or even as long as 30 years, the time when Yi and Zhi moved to Qingshan should be around 1 190. The two recorded and calculated times coincide, which is the middle of Jin Dynasty (A.D.1115-1234). The Yuan Dynasty was founded in 1279, nearly 100 years later than185. The time doesn't match, it can't be the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, the construction of Qingshan Village should be like this: Gong Yi and Gong Zhi moved from Laiyang Zhuo Village to this village during the Dading period of the Jin Dynasty (or in the middle period). Is this correct? For reference only.
Castle Peak, located in the center of the hilly area of Shandong Peninsula, is the source of Rushan River, surrounded by mountains, and a narrow Rushan Valley is located in the east of the village, with a relatively closed environment. The hidden and safe environment, like a real paradise, ensures that the descendants of the Gong family live and multiply quietly here. At present, Qingshan Village has a population of more than 600 households, most of which are surnamed Gong.
The villages around Qingshan Village, such as Mashidian, Zaolin, Nanmashi and Taishang, all moved in from Qingshan. Most of the palace surnames in Wang Zhen Kouzi, Yahou, Dalongkou, Erlongkou, Yuejia and Baishatan were also moved from Qingshan.
Castle Peak Palace worships martial arts and is partial to literature, advocating chivalry and fighting righteousness. There is a tradition of practicing martial arts in the village. In a nursery rhyme, it says: Castle Peak dolls can walk for a while, and then practice four martial arts. ? Gong Baotian, the last general manager of ouchi in Qing Dynasty, was born here, one of the two people who gave him a yellow jacket, an authentic descendant of Bagua Palm and a martial arts master. Gong, a scholar in the 30th year of Guangxu reign (AD 1904), was a magistrate of Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province, and was also a native of Qingshan. He shared the same glory with An Tian, who was a man of great skill, and became two dazzling stars at the Castle Peak Palace Gate.
The fourth ancestor Gong Xin (the fifth line) moved back to Wendeng after having dinner with his four brothers in the middle of Jin Dynasty. After his death, he was buried in Xijiutuo (Wendeng Gongzuto), and his monument still existed in the Republic of China. Xin Zu gave birth to a son Funing. 1927, the genealogy of Donglai Palace was rebuilt, with four people from Wendeng Zhanjiabu, Shang Ling and shi bo Zicun participating. Chin? What kind of nettle is this? Now some palace surnames in Liulinzhuang, Shang Ling and Gongjiazhuang villages in Wendeng should be descendants of Gong Funing, the son of the fourth ancestor Gong Xin; The other part should be the descendants of Gong Xiru, the ancestor of Shixian. Kunyang Village, formerly known as Gongjiazhuang, is one of the birthplaces of Gongshi, although no Gongshi lives there now.
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