First, French philosophy has always been permeated with a spirit of doubt and advocating rationality.

The spirit of doubt and the spirit of advocating rationality can be said to be two sides of the same thing. If doubt is negative and critical, then advocating rationality is positive and fruitful. The purpose of doubt is to advocate rationality, or doubt is just a means of rationality.

From the nominalist Abelard in the Middle Ages and Montaigne in the Renaissance to the skepticism of Descartes, Bell and Voltaire, the founders of modern philosophy in the18th century, this skepticism spirit that dares to challenge tradition and authority has a long historical tradition in France. Even postmodern philosophy in the second half of the 20th century embodies the spirit of skepticism. It doubts people's worship of rationalism and scientific spirit, historical progress theory and enlightenment spirit, and modernity.

Second, man and society are the focus of French philosophy.

Nature and man are eternal themes of philosophy. Compared with other countries' philosophy, French philosophy pays more attention to the study of people and society-

Helvetius paid attention to and emphasized human spirituality, and regarded human as the object of culture and the product of education. Existentialism is an anthropology, and Comte is the direct founder of modern sociology. From Durkheim to structuralism and postmodernism, they all attach great importance to the study of modern society. These should be regarded as the contribution of French philosophy to the understanding of human society. Postmodernism's reflection and criticism of post-industrial society is no less than a sobering agent for us who are vigorously promoting modernization.

Third, openness.

/kloc-French philosophers in the 0/8th century absorbed a lot of British materialist philosophy (especially Locke's empiricism), and Diderot also absorbed a lot of dialectical factors in Leibniz's philosophy. In the19th century, not only did Renuville's new criticism inherit Kant's philosophy to a great extent, but Amelin's idealism was closely related to Hegel's philosophy. "3H" (Hegel, Husserl, Heidegger), "3M" (Marx, Max Weber, Marcuse) and Nietzsche are all German philosophers, while Kerr Kaigl is a Danish philosopher and Freud is an Austrian psychologist. The ideological elements of these philosophers influenced the face of French philosophy in the 20th century.

Fourth, social participation.

French philosophy is not a philosophy under study, but a philosophy closely related to the real struggle. French philosophers don't like living in cubicles to speculate on metaphysics, but pay more attention to social change and political struggle. They have a sense of mission and the times and are active participants in the real revolutionary movement.

Fifth, it has an indissoluble bond with literature.

French philosophers are not only immersed in the rational field, but also lack emotion. Many of them are poets, writers, artists and social activists. Not only Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot and others are famous writers, dramatists and literary critics who are good at expressing their philosophical thoughts in literature, but also Bergson, Sartre and Camus who are later than them have all won the title of Nobel Prize in Literature.