Because Songzhou is prosperous, it is called Song, and because the royal family is named Zhao, and because Song is called Da Song, it is also called "Fire Song" and "Yan Song". Kaifeng, the capital of the Song Dynasty, was called Tokyo. After the gradual unification of China, its territory reached the north of the Yellow River relative to the Southern Song Dynasty, so it was called the Northern Song Dynasty by later generations.

In the second year of Jingkang (1 127), Jin Bing captured Tokyo and died in the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Gaozong ascended the throne in Yingtianfu (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and rebuilt the Song Dynasty, which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhao was the first emperor in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1 138), Lin 'an House (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) was the capital of Shaoxing, called Hangzi.

Urban development in Song Dynasty;

The commodity economy in cities and towns was particularly developed in Song Dynasty. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were 46 cities with a population of over100000. Including Kaifeng, Luoyang, Yingtian (now Shangqiu), Daming, Hangzhou, Zhenjiang, Suzhou, Jiangling (Jingzhou), Guangzhou, Chengdu, Fuzhou, Tanzhou (now Changsha) and Quanzhou.

Kaifeng House in the Capital of Song Dynasty has a population of more than one million and more than 6,400 shops. The Song Dynasty broke the system of market segmentation, shops could be opened at will, and there were night markets and dawn markets. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the population of Lin 'an Prefecture (now Hangzhou) reached1250,000, and the city was extremely prosperous. At that time, people called it the first state in southeast China.

Song Dynasty was a prosperous era of commodity economy, culture and education in the history of China. During this period, with the rapid development of science and technology and the relative openness of politics, Confucianism revived and Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism was formed.