Meiji Restoration began on 1868+054381October 23rd (September 8th of the old calendar). But on the whole, it includes many political changes, such as the restoration of the 1867 government the year before.
The lower limit also includes the abolition of feudal counties (187 1), the end of the southwest war (1877), the implementation of cabinet system (1885) and the establishment of dual monarchy (dual monarchy) (1889).
After the Meiji Restoration, after more than 20 years of development, Japan's national strength became stronger and stronger. Successively abolished a series of unequal treaties signed with western countries in the shogunate era, regained national sovereignty, and finally entered modernization. It can be said that Meiji Restoration was a turning point in Japanese history. Since then, Japan has embarked on the road of independent development and has rapidly grown into a big country in Asia and even the world.
Extended data:
186865438+1On October 3rd, Emperor Meiji of Japan issued the imperial edict of "Restoration of Five Houses", which was the beginning of the famous Meiji Restoration Movement in Japan.
/kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, Japan, which has been pursuing the policy of "locking up the country", was invaded by the United States, Britain, France, Russia and other countries and faced with a serious national crisis. The Japanese people hate foreign invaders, and even more hate the shogunate that colluded with them. Farmers and citizens have revolted and launched a "counter-curtain" movement; The reform forces among middle and lower class soldiers, businessmen, capitalists and emerging landlords have also invested in the "reverse curtain" struggle.
65438+1A coup was launched on October 3rd. Emperor Meiji held a command meeting attended by imperial officials, ministers and warriors who sent the defeated factions, announced the "restoration of the five houses", resumed the emperor's pro-government, abolished the shogunate, set up a new central government, and ordered the shogunate general Tokugawa Yoshinobu to hand over his territory and property. On the night of October 6th, 65438/KLOC-0, Tokugawa Yoshinobu fled to Osaka and concentrated his forces to fight back. Civil war broke out.
1 At the end of the year, the shogunate army defeated the shogunate army near Kyoto, and Tokugawa fled to Edo. In February, the emperor organized a screen-seeking army. Due to the active cooperation between farmers and the urban poor, the shogunate army finally defeated the shogunate army three times bigger than itself. Tokugawa Yoshinobu was forced to surrender, the curtain-raiser won, and a new Japanese government headed by Emperor Meiji was established.
Emperor Meiji abolished vassal counties and divided the country into three prefectures and seventy-two counties, which eliminated the feudal separatist forces in China and established a unified centralized country, clearing the way for the development of capitalism. Since then, Emperor Meiji took power and carried out a series of reforms, which put Japan on the road of developing capitalism. This is called "Meiji Restoration" in Japanese history.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Meiji Restoration
People's Daily Online-186865438+1October 3 Meiji Restoration in Japan