The Song Dynasty (960- 1279) was divided into two stages: the Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1 127) and the Southern Song Dynasty (11279). In order to avoid the separatist regime and eunuch chaos since the late Tang Dynasty, the founding of the Song Dynasty adopted a policy of valuing literature over martial arts. On the one hand, although it was poor and weak militarily, it was defeated by its northern neighbors. Moreover, before 1 127, the imperial capital of Huiqin was captured by the Jin people, forcing the Song Dynasty to move south. 1279, Song died in Mengyuan in the naval battle of Yashan. But relatively speaking, the Song Dynasty was also one of the most prosperous times in China's history in terms of economy, culture and education. With the revival of Confucianism, the society is permeated with the atmosphere of respecting teachers and attaching importance to education, science and technology are advancing by leaps and bounds, and politics is more open and honest. There was no serious eunuch chaos and local separatist regime in the last Song Dynasty, and the number and scale of mutiny and civil strife were relatively small in the history of China. Chen, a famous historian, said: "The culture of the Chinese nation has developed for thousands of years and reached its peak in the Zhao and Song Dynasties." . A considerable number of western and Japanese historians believe that the Song Dynasty was the Renaissance and economic revolution in China's history.