1, Yang Yuhuan (71June 22, 9-75438+July 756, 2005), the figures are too real. The court musicians and dancers in Tang Dynasty were plump, good at singing and dancing, and smooth in melody. Her musical talent is rare among the queens of past dynasties, and she is praised by later generations as one of the four beauties in ancient China.
2. In the seventh year of Kaiyuan (7 19), Yang Yuhuan was born in an official family at the beginning of June of the lunar calendar. His great grandfather, Wang Yang, was a minister of the Sui Dynasty and was killed by Li Shimin in the early Tang Dynasty. Father Yang Xuanyan was a manager in Zhou Shu; Uncle Jue, a native of Cao, Henan Province, spent his childhood.
In July of the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Princess Xianyi, the daughter of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, held a wedding in Luoyang, and Yang Yuhuan was also invited to attend. Li Mao, the younger brother of Princess Xianyi, fell in love with Yang Yuhuan at first sight. At the request of Wu Huifei, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty wrote a letter asking her to be the shroud princess of that year. After marriage, the two are extremely sweet.
Wu Huifei died in the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737). Li Mao's mother, Wu Huifei, was the favorite concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and she was treated as a queen in the palace. Xuanzong was unhappy for this. At that time, the harem Qian Qian was absolutely meaningless. Some people suggested that "the courtyards should be full of manners", and Xuanzong called Yang into the harem.
In the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), in the name of Dou Taihou, the mother of Xuanzong, she wrote a letter to Yang, asking her to become a female Taoist, and signed it "too true".
In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made Wei's daughter longevity a princess, and then became a noble lady. Since Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty abolished the king and queen, Yang Guifei is equivalent to the queen.
In July of the fifth year of Yin Guifei Tianbao, Yang Guifei was spoiled and offended Xuanzong, who sent her back to her family. After the imperial concubine left the palace, Xuanzong couldn't eat, so Gao Lishi had to recall it again.
In the ninth year of Tianbao, Yang Guifei was sent back to her family again.
One day in February of the ninth year of Tianbao, Yang Guifei secretly blew the purple Yu Di of Li Xian, the eldest brother of Tang Xuanzong, and was seen by Tang Xuanzong and sent out of the palace again. After the imperial concubine left the palace, she cut off a lock of hair and asked Zhang Taoguang to bring it to Xuanzong. Xuanzong was frightened, and Gao Lishi called her back.
Yang Guifei is even more arrogant when she knows that Xuanzong can't sleep well without her. Yang "access to the forbidden door, Mo Wen, the capital of the long collectors for the side."
3. Died in Maweipo
In the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), Fan Yang, Pinglu and Hedong engaged in an Anshi Rebellion in the name of Jun Qing and Anti-Yang Guo Zhong, and the soldiers directed at Chang 'an. The following year, when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled with Yang Guifei and Yang to (now Chengdu, Sichuan) and passed through Mayi Post (now the west of Xingping City, Shaanxi Province), the imperial sergeant led by Chen unanimously demanded the execution of Yang and Yang Guifei, then defected and killed Yang with a knife.
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty said that the imperial concubine was innocent and should be pardoned, but the imperial soldiers all thought that the imperial concubine was the beauty of the country. The Anshi Rebellion was caused by the imperial concubine. Without punishing her, it would be difficult to comfort the morale of the army, boost morale and continue to surround the emperor. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty accepted Gao Lishi's suggestion and had to give Yang a gift to protect himself. In the end, Yang Guifei was given a white silk and hanged under a pear tree in a Buddhist temple at the age of 38. This is the allusion in Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow": "A soldier in the army will be embarrassed if he doesn't move." After the Anshi Rebellion was put down, Xuanzong returned to the palace and sent someone to look for Yang Guifei's body, but he didn't find it.
The records in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty are roughly the same as those in the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, so it can be seen that Yang Guifei really died in Maweipo.
4. Main achievements: Yang Yuhuan was a court musician and dancer in the Tang Dynasty. She was praised by later generations as one of the four beauties in ancient China. Although her figure is plump, the history books also record that she is a master dancer, and she is also proficient in Hu Xuan's dance. Her figure is swaying and jumping like the wind, which is dazzling.
She is the son of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, the first princess Li Mao. After being ordered to become a monk, she was awarded the title of imperial concubine by her father, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. In the 15th year of Tianbao (756), An Lushan rebelled, went into exile in Shu and passed through Mawei Post Station, where he died on June 14th.
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I. The origin of the name
Yang Yuhuan's name is not recorded in Old Tang Book and New Tang Book, nor is it clearly recorded in Zi Tong Zhi Jian. The legend of Song of Eternal Sorrow only says that she is "Yang Xuanyan's daughter". In the ninth year of the Tang Dynasty (855), that is, about 100 years after the death of Yang Guifei, Zheng Chuhui's Miscellanies of Ming Taizu first mentioned: "Yang Guifei's small character Yuhuan". Later generations still use it today. Yang Guifei's three names "Yunu", "Yu Niang" and "Yuhuan" are all true, and the expressions of slave, mother and ring all set off Yang Guifei's names in different periods. Yunu was her childhood nickname; Yu Niang was her honorific title before her canonization; Yuhuan is her nickname after she was made a noble princess and gained weight. Yang Guifei's real name is Yu Yang.
Second, Yuhuan is ashamed of flowers.
There is a small and exquisite flower, whose compound leaves are like hibiscus branches, bit by bit symmetrical, like bird feathers. This plant is decorated with several small red flowers and looks like bayberry. When people point with their hands, its pinnate leaflets will close quickly and its petiole will droop slowly, just like a girl who is so shy because of her purity and simplicity, so people call it "mimosa". Legend has it that when Yang Yuhuan first entered the palace, he was sad all day because he couldn't see the king. Once, she and the ladies-in-waiting went to the palace to enjoy flowers, and accidentally met the mimosa, and the leaves of the grass immediately rolled up. Ladies-in-waiting all say that this is the beauty of Yang Yuhuan, which makes the flowers and plants feel ashamed and ashamed. Tang Xuanzong heard that there was a "flower-bashing beauty" in the palace, and immediately summoned her and made her the imperial concubine. Since then, "shame on flowers" has become Yang Guifei's nickname. Mimosa is ashamed to see people because of plant electricity. At the base of the leaf habitat of mimosa, there is a layer of parenchyma called "leaf mattress", which is usually filled with enough water. When the leaves are subjected to * * *, the water in parenchyma cells immediately flows to the upper and both sides under the instruction of plant electricity. With the increase of leaf weight, the phenomenon of leaf closure and petiole drooping appears. Mimosa plants are slender and delicate. In order to survive, it has formed this special ability to adapt to the environment through long-term natural selection.
Third, the princess smiled.
Yang Guifei, the favorite concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, has the beauty of the whole country, is born with beauty, is proficient in temperament, can sing and dance, and is good at playing pipa. So Tang Xuanzong loved her very much.
In order to please Yang Guifei, every litchi season, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who was over 10,000 people, always assigned a special person to transport fresh litchi with dew from Sichuan (some people say Guangdong and Fujian) through Wuli or Shili post stations. The enjoyment in the palace is extremely luxurious. The more rare and delicious it is, the more rare it is, and the more tribute it needs. In addition to litchi, there is also a kind of wine named court royal wine by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. The water used for brewing is the morning dew on the mountain. This wine has the unique geographical advantage of developing agriculture in Sichuan, and the brewed wine is mellow, clear but not light, strong but not bright!
"When riding a princess in the world of mortals and laughing, no one knows that it is litchi." At that time, when Yang Guifei tasted litchi in Huaqing Palace, it was a touching scene. Tang Xuanzong often drank this kind of wine. In Tang Xuanzong's mind, of course, Yang Guifei was "as long as she turned to smile, there would be a hundred spells, and the powder and paint in the sixth palace would go up in smoke". Since then, there has been this famous smile in this history. "Huaqing sings and dresses drunk, and the imperial concubine laughs and drinks dew"! The wine that entered the court as a tribute was also named: dew smile.
Fourth, the imperial concubine was drunk.
She claimed that "as long as she turned her head and smiled, there were a hundred spells, and the powder and paint in the sixth palace disappeared without a trace" and "but his love for 3,000 people was concentrated in one body", but she once fell out of favor and drowned her sorrows with wine. After being drunk, she got carried away and became bohemian.
The day before, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty made an appointment with Yang Guifei and ordered him to hold a banquet in Baihua Pavilion to enjoy flowers and drink together. The next day, Yang Guifei first went to Baihua Pavilion and prepared a royal banquet for the coachman. It was getting late at that time, and Tang Xuanzong did not arrive. It's too late, too late. However, suddenly someone reported that the emperor had been lucky in Jiang Fei Palace, and Yang Guifei was bored to death when she heard the news. Yang Guifei is naturally narrow-minded, jealous and particularly flattering, and women are most likely to react when they are angry. Therefore, 10,000 kinds of feelings are hard to get rid of for a while, and they get drunk after three glasses of wine. Chun Qing was so excited that he couldn't help laughing. So he got carried away, became bohemian, got drunk frequently with eunuchs Gao Lishi and Peilishi, and made lewd courtship, which was the beginning of his return to the palace.
Yang Guifei's life in Yang Yuhuan (AD 7 19-756) was named Yuhuan, the favorite princess of Li Longji in the Tang Dynasty, whose original name was Yang Furong (hence the appearance of Furong), and Yang Guifei's paintings.
Born in Chengdu, Sichuan, his ancestral home is Yongji, Shanxi. Yang Guifei studied melody since childhood, and she is good at singing and dancing, with outstanding appearance. Great-grandfather Wang Yang was an official of the Sui Dynasty, who was killed by Li Shimin in the early Tang Dynasty. His father Yang Xuanyan is a household manager in Chongzhou, Sichuan, and his uncle Kun is an official in Henan. Yang Yuhuan spent his childhood in Sichuan, about 65,438+00 years old, and his father died. She was put in foster care at his uncle Kun's home. Later moved to Luoyang. When she was 17 years old, Luoyang chose Princess Shou and chose her. She has the beauty of the whole country, is born with beauty, is proficient in melody, can sing and dance, and is good at playing pipa. Life after marriage is happy and sweet. However, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty saw that she was in love with her country, but she rebelled against Chang Lun and wanted to keep it for herself. (It happened in a royal hot spring) So she was recruited into the palace in the name of "being a Taoist woman". After some unannounced visits, she was made a royal concubine in the fourth year of Tianbao (AD 745) (these methods are exactly the same as those of Emperor Gaozong who cut her hair and entered the palace after becoming a nun). (Xuanzong year 6 1, Guifei year 27), her father and brother were able to descend to earth. Every time the imperial concubine rides a horse, Gao Lishi, a great eunuch, personally wields a whip. There are 700 weavers and embroiderers of the imperial concubine, and even more people compete for treasures. Both the author of Lingnan History and Guangling History and Wang Yi are highly praised for their outstanding contributions. As a result, hundreds of officials followed suit. Yang Guifei loves Lingnan litchi, so some people try their best to drive fresh litchi to Chang 'an. There is a poem saying that "no one knows that the world of mortals rides a concubine", so litchi is also called "concubine smile". Yang Yuhuan was a court musician and dancer in the Tang Dynasty, and his musical talent was rare among concubines in previous dynasties. Yang Yuhuan's natural beauty and superior educational environment make her have a certain cultural accomplishment, graceful personality, proficient in temperament, good at singing and dancing, and good at playing the pipa. In the fifteenth year of Tianbao, An Lushan rose up and rebelled. Tang Xuanzong, who was addicted to wine, singing and dancing, fled Chang 'an in a hurry and rejoiced in Chengdu. Passing through Maweipo, general Chen, the right commander (imperial army), and other six armies (the "six armies" mentioned by Bai Juyi should be the imperial army of the northern government soldiers-left and right feather armies, left and right long and left armies, but Xuanzong dynasty actually only had left and right feather armies and left and right long four armies). The soldiers thought that Yang's family was a disaster for the country and the people, and refused to move forward, saying that this was because Yang (the cousin of the imperial concubine) had contact. Before opening the bow, the left and right leaders refused to move forward, saying that Yang was the cousin of your princess, and that her cousin was guilty, and it was inevitable that her cousin would hang in the Taoist temple. The Anshi Rebellion had nothing to do with Yang Guifei, who became the scapegoat of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Guifei died at the age of 38. Yang Guifei's beauty is fat, the simplest beauty, the happiest beauty and the most emotional beauty. He, Shi, Wang Zhaojun and Diophantine are also called the four beauties in ancient China. Use the idiom "sinking fish and falling geese, closing the moon and feeling ashamed of flowers" to describe four people. Yang Yuhuan is one of the four beauties in ancient China, with the highest status, the greatest power and the most influential queen in the world. References:
://baike.baidu/view/6644。 #2
Where is Yang Guifei's hometown? There are three opinions about Yang Guifei's hometown: one is Rong County, Guangxi, the other is Huayin, Shaanxi, and the third is Zhou Pu, Shaanxi.
According to the Yuan and Qing versions of Rong County Records, "Tang Taizhen's hometown has been handed down from generation to generation, and there is a well named Feiyang Well, which has been blocked for a long time. The villagers are the temples of Yang Fei. " This is the origin of Yang Fei Temple. It was destroyed, leaving only one site, which was later restored many times, and more and more tourists came to visit it. Great-grandfather Wang Yang was an official of the Sui Dynasty, who was killed by Li Shimin in the early Tang Dynasty. His father, Yang Xuanyan, is the household manager in Chongzhou, Sichuan, and his uncle, Yun, is from Cao, Henan. Yang Yuhuan spent his childhood in Sichuan, about 65,438+00 years old. Her father died, and she was put in foster care at his uncle Yang Yun's house. Later moved to Yongle (Yongji, Shanxi). So when I asked where Yang Guifei was from, some people said that she was from Huayin, Shaanxi, Rongxian, Guangxi, Sichuan and Yongle, Shanxi, but they all disagreed. As far as I can see, there is a saying in Supplement to Tang Shi: Yang Guifei was born in Shu and likes litchi. Born and raised in Shu, she is making rapid progress every year ... Whether Yang Guifei is a native of Rong County has always been a controversial topic in the history circle. Yang Fei Monument in Puning County, Rongzhou records the legendary life of Yang Yuhuan. The inscription was written by Xu Zizhen, four teaching assistants who grew up with Yang Guifei during the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty (about 734 -755 AD) (four teaching assistants refer to four universities, which are part of imperial academy, the highest institution of learning in the Tang Dynasty, and four teaching assistants are equivalent to professors in Peking University today). He once stood in the east of Rongcheng120th step, and was included in the history books such as Yongle Dadian and Quantang Wen compiled by the royal family. The inscription "Yang Fei, Puning County, Rongzhou" records that Yang Fei, a native of Rongzhou, is ten miles away from the city, and his nickname is Yu Niang. -In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan, Ming Di entered the palace, and the number was too real, so he was greatly favored. The book in Tianbaoli is a noble lady. "This is the official article written by the person closest to the Yang Yuhuan era that historians can find at present. Because Rongzhou in the Tang Dynasty was a big state in Lingnan, it governed more than 60 counties in 14 state, including parts of Vietnam, Hainan and Guangdong today. Today's Rong County was called "Puning County" at that time, so this monument was named "Yang Fei Monument in Puning County, Rongzhou". "Regarding the birthplace of Yang Guifei, although there are many sayings in the country, the most convincing one is the tablet of Yang Guifei. In addition, Yang Guifei's * * * good dish-eating litchi can also illustrate this point-when he went to his hometown in Wan Li alone, he thought of "eight hundred miles express delivery" to deliver litchi, which was naturally a hobby he developed as a child. In the climate at that time, it was obviously impossible to grow litchi in Sichuan and Xi 'an. How much smaller is Yang Yuhuan than Xuanzong? Yang Yuhuan (A.D. 7 19-756), who entered the palace, was named Yuhuan, the favorite concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Li Longji, whose original name was Yang Furong (hence the name Furong) and nickname Yuhuan, whose birthplace was Rongzhou (now Rongxian, Guangxi). Yang Guifei studied melody since childhood, and she is good at singing and dancing, with outstanding appearance. Great-grandfather Wang Yang was an official of the Sui Dynasty, who was killed by Li Shimin in the early Tang Dynasty. His father, Yang Xuanyan, is the manager of Chongzhou, Sichuan, and his uncle, Yun, is from Cao, Henan. Yang Yuhuan spent his childhood in Sichuan, about 65,438+00 years old, and his father died. She was put in foster care at his uncle's house. Later moved to Yongle (Yongji, Shanxi). So when I asked where Yang Guifei came from, some people said it was Rongxian, Guangxi, some people said it was Sichuan, and some people said it was Yongle, Shanxi, but they couldn't agree. As far as I can see, there is a saying in Supplement to Tang Shi: Yang Guifei was born in Shu and likes litchi. Born in, you are better than Shu, so every year, you gallop forward ... Princess Xianyi, the daughter of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, held a wedding in Luoyang, and Yang Yuhuan was invited to attend. Li Mao, Shouwang, the younger brother of Princess Xianyang, fell in love with Yang Yuhuan at first sight. At the request of Wu Huifei, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty named her Shouwang. After marriage, the two are extremely sweet. Life after marriage is happy and sweet. However, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty saw that she was in love with her country, but she rebelled against Chang Lun and wanted to keep it for herself. So he was recruited into the palace in the name of "being a female Taoist". After an unannounced visit to Chencang, Yu Tianbao was made a concubine in the fourth year (745) (these methods are exactly the same as those used by Emperor Gaozong after Wu Zetian became a monk). (At that time, it was the sixty-first year of Xuanzong and the twenty-seventh year of Guifei), and his father and brother were able to descend to the world. No matter what Yang Guifei's name is, the old man named Li Longji likes it. He is really an old man. When we first met in the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740), Yang was only 22 years old and he was 56 years old. He is always older, but he is the emperor, so he can do whatever he wants. He not only doesn't care what her name is, but also doesn't care whether she is married or not, and doesn't even consider that she is married to her own son. As long as he likes it, he must take it. Therefore, Yang Yuhuan entered the palace in 740, that is to say, he entered the palace at the age of 22, 34 years younger than Xuanzong.
Whose concubine is Yang Yuhuan? Yang Guifei's original name was Yang Yuhuan. She was born in 7 19. She was first a princess of Li Mao, and was later occupied by her father, Emperor Taizong Li, and named Yang Guifei.
Where is Yang Guifei from? Where is the former residence? Yang Guifei's former residence is located at 100 meters east of Dutou Village, Shouyang Township, yongji city (where Yang Guifei grew up). The building covers an area of nearly 100 mu and was built in imitation of the Tang Dynasty.
Yang Guifei's hometown is a castle-like single-family house with three courtyards. Built on the mountain, it runs north and south, overlooking the Yellow River. The building is divided into Baomen, Lower House, Intermediate Court, Upper House, West Garden and Guifei Pool, which are built on a central axis from bottom to top.
The house below, which used to be where servants lived, has now become a reception room and an exhibition hall for singing Yang Guifei's poems, calligraphy and paintings.
The Intermediate People's Court used to be the place where Yang Guifei's sister, brother and uncle lived. After this restoration, in order to reproduce the fragrance of Yang Guifei, more than 60 large-scale colored sculptures of the life of the imperial concubine/kloc-0 were carefully clay-sculpted, which restored the graceful charm of "beauty in the north, peerless independence" and made this peerless beauty of the Tang Dynasty reappear in the world.
The upper house and the main building are sacrificial rooms dedicated to Yang's ancestors. The wing is a place to receive Yang's elders and guests.
Extended data
Yang Guifei's tomb is actually just Yang Guifei's cenotaph, located 500 meters west of Mazai Town, xingping City, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, and 60 kilometers away from Xi 'an. The tomb is hemispherical and 3 meters high. The whole tomb is made of blue bricks, and there is a marble statue of Yang Guifei about 6 meters high behind the tomb.
The imperial concubine's tomb is a small cemetery on a hillside. There are three antique worship halls in front of the park, and the door reads "Tomb of Yang Guifei". The temple is the tomb, 3 meters high and surrounded by bricks.
Legend has it that women can wipe their faces with the soil from the imperial concubine's tomb, which can remove the dark spots on their faces and make their facial muscles delicate. Therefore, its tomb soil is called "imperial concubine powder", and women from far and near are scrambling to wipe their faces with soil. Even tourists from other places have to take it back, so the tomb pile is getting smaller and smaller, and the grave keeper keeps adding soil to the tomb pile, but it is quickly taken away.
In order to protect the tomb, it must be wrapped in blue bricks. In this way, people can no longer borrow soil from the tomb. There is a monument in front of the tomb, engraved with the inscription: "Tomb of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei".