Gulliver is an Englishman who loves sailing. He studied medicine when he was young, and later became a surgeon on a sea ship. He traveled around the world many times and experienced many adventures. The most commendable is his four trips to Lilliput, Adult, Flying Island and Ma Hui. The following is his travel notes.
1699 On May 4th, Gulliver was employed by the captain of the Antelope to sail in the Pacific Ocean. The antelope ran aground and sank because of a storm. He and five sailors jumped into the lifeboat to escape, but the boat capsized on the way. Gulliver was blown to Lilliput Island by the wind and waves alone. After landing, he lay on the grass and fell asleep because of fatigue. After waking up, he felt that he couldn't move all over, his limbs and body were tightly tied, and even his hair was tied to the ground. He could only lie on his back, and the sun blinded him. This is, he heard a slight sound around. At the same time, he felt creatures crawling on his left leg. It gradually climbed up his body, to his chest and to the edge of his mandible. Gulliver looked down briefly and saw a little man less than six inches, holding a bow and an arrow with both hands and carrying an arrow pot, proudly leading the way, followed by more than forty little people, all dressed in military uniforms. Gulliver let out a cry and scared them to run for their lives. Some fell from him to the ground, and some were injured when they stepped on themselves.
After a while, the villain came around again. Gulliver felt impatient. When he turned his left hand slightly, hundreds of arrows shot at him, and he felt as if he had been pricked by a needle. Gulliver had to lie quietly. The villain set up a high platform about three or four yards from his right ear, and a decent officer-like man stood on the high platform and made a speech to him, meaning to ask him to surrender. Gulliver had no choice but to give in. So fifty little people ran to him, cut the rope and untied him. Gulliver pointed to his mouth to show that he was hungry. The villain placed several ladders at his sides. Hundreds of villains carried baskets and poured baskets of food into his mouth in turn. Gulliver swallowed two or three baskets of food at a time, and the villain was overwhelmed. They were surprised at Gulliver's appetite.
Then the villain pulled him into the capital with fifteen thousand royal horses. The emperor (a nail taller than his subjects) led his ministers to stand on the tower and appreciate Gulliver's style. Residents of Lilliput also came to watch in an endless stream, because this is a giant they have never seen before. The emperor called a meeting of ministers to discuss how to deal with Gulliver's problem. Some people worry that Gulliver eats too much, and he can feed 1720 little people by himself. Diet alone may cause domestic famine; Some people advocate killing Gulliver, but they are worried that his huge body will stink and cause plague in Beijing. Finally, the emperor decided to keep Gulliver for the time being, sent 500 people to work for him, and asked 300 tailors to make him a dress according to the most fashionable style in China.
One day, Gulliver got the king's permission to visit the imperial city and the palace. Surrounded by city walls, the Imperial City is two and a half feet high and eleven inches wide, and a pheasant fort is built every ten feet. Gulliver stepped into the city from the west gate. He walked carefully in the street for fear of stepping on the citizens. He wears a short coat because he is afraid that his skirt will damage the roof and eaves. The houses on both sides of the street are three to five floors, and the windows and balconies of each house are crowded with people watching. The two main streets are five feet wide, and those alleys can only accommodate Gulliver's feet. The palace is located in the center of the city, with a two-foot high palace wall. The king wanted Gulliver to visit his big palace, but Gulliver couldn't get in. Later, he came up with a brilliant idea: he chose the largest tree in the imperial garden and cut them into two chairs three feet high with a knife. One in the outer court and the other in the inner court. He stepped on the chair and walked into the palace. He lay in an empty space of the palace and looked up at the palace carefully. There, he saw luxurious furniture and the queen and princess surrounded by maids and servants.
Lilliput is not a big country. They have strange customs. When the king chooses an official, let people dance on a rope. Whoever jumps high can become a big official. The Chancellor of the Exchequer is regarded as the highest jumper in the country (one inch taller than others). During the grand festival, officials also performed stunts on the emperor's permanent crossbar. According to the level of performance skills, ribbons of different colors are awarded respectively. There are two political parties in this country. The difference between them is that one wears high heels and the other wears low heels. The high-heeled party thinks it conforms to the ancient system, and the king prefers the low-heeled party. Therefore, government officials are all people subordinate to the party. There is deep hatred between the two political parties. The crown prince please both sides. To this end, his heels are high and low.
This country often goes to war with its neighbor Blefuscu. The cause of the war was that Lilliput changed its habit of eating eggs. Instead of breaking the big end first, people are asked to break the small end first. Those who once followed the ancient system of China refused to accept it, and were divided into "big-end faction" and "small-end faction". It was heresy for them to attack each other. When the "big heads" were suppressed at home, they fled to Blefuscu, which triggered the war between the two empires. Not long ago, Blefuscu built a new batch of warships, ready to fight Lilliput again. Gulliver showed his loyalty to Lilliput by crossing the sea and pulling all the enemy warships with ropes. To this end, the king gave him a title of nobility. Then the king ordered him to destroy Blefuscu and turn it into a province of his own. Gulliver disagreed. He said to the emperor, "I never want to be a tool of others and make a free and brave nation a slave." The king and his ministers were dissatisfied with him and wanted to hurt him.
Once, the palace caught fire. Gulliver sprinkled a bubble of urine to put out the fire because of the difficulty in transporting water. This made the queen very disgusted. In addition, the secretary of the navy was jealous of his contribution, and the finance minister suspected that his wife was having an affair with Gulliver, so the king held a conspiracy meeting, convicted Gulliver of treason and made him blind. When Gulliver learned about it, he quickly fled to the ancient country of Blefuscu. Find a boat from there and leave by boat. He met an English merchant ship on the high seas. He returned to London on a merchant ship on 1702. Thus ending his first trip.
Gulliver's second outing was on1June 20th, 702. He ventured to North America. Arrived in Brobdingnag Island in June of the following year. He and the sailors went to the island to look for fresh water. They were chased by a giant. His friend rowed away, but he didn't have time to escape. Gulliver hid in a wheat field like a forest (that wheat field is at least forty feet high). After a while, he saw a giant coming from the field. The giant is as tall as an ordinary church steeple, with ten yards of steps. Gulliver heard his call, several degrees louder than the trumpet. At first, it sounded like a thunderbolt in the air. After the giant gave a cry, seven giants came to him with sickles in their hands. These giants are twelve times taller than Gulliver, and their sickles are as big as six ordinary sickles. It turned out that the first giant was a rich farmer, and the rest were farmers who helped him cut wheat. A huge wheat harvester approached Gulliver's hiding wheat field. Gulliver thought of his dangerous situation: he was either hacked to death by a sickle in the wheat field or trampled to death by a giant. So he shouted.
Hearing the shouts, the giant harvester looked around for Gulliver. At this time, the giant hesitated a little, just as we met a bug and were worried about being stung by it. Finally, he leaned down, picked Gulliver up with his thumb and forefinger and put it in front of him. He studied it carefully. Gulliver tried to be honest and didn't move. Because he has been held at an altitude of 60 feet, if he falls from his fingers, he will break into patties. Gulliver motioned to the giant that he was caught between his fingers. The giant understood, dressed Gulliver carefully, and then ran excitedly to his master.
The rich peasants took Gulliver home. To his nine-year-old daughter, Glen Dakli Cheech. Gulliver slept in a huge bed. The mice here are so big that two of them run to the bed. Gulliver had to draw his sword to defend himself and finally stabbed one of them to death. The giants in the village regarded Gulliver as a little monster and came to see him one after another. It is suggested that Gulliver can make money. So the master put him in a box and took him to various towns for exhibitions. The master also asked Gulliver to perform knife and stick skills, which caused a sensation throughout the country. Later, he was taken into the palace to perform for the queen and ladies. The queen was so happy that she bought him from the rich farmer. Gulliver was reluctant to leave the rich farmer's daughter Glen Dakli Chi, so he made a request to the Queen: He wanted to keep the rich farmer's daughter as a nanny. The queen agreed.
Great Britain is a peninsula, one side of which is connected with the mainland. China has 5 1 big cities with a very dense population. The king is a very learned man. He is "clear-headed and accurate in judgment." He asked Gulliver about European customs, religions, laws, governments and academics. Gulliver told him about the great events that happened in England in the last hundred years. But he said after listening, "These great events are just a lot of conspiracies, rebellions, assassinations, massacres, revolutions and exile" and accused that "most of your compatriots belong to the most harmful category of disgusting little poisonous insects crawling on the ground in nature." Gulliver suggested helping him to make gunpowder and guns to strengthen national defense. The king was greatly disgusted and thought that the people who invented these killing weapons were "public enemies of mankind." "He would rather give up half the country than hear such a secret." He wants to govern the country with reason and kindness. His evaluation of people is: "whoever can make two ears of grain and two leaves of grass grow on the land that originally produced only one ear of grain and one leaf of grass will make greater contribution to mankind and the country than all politicians." So Gulliver thought, "This monarch has all kinds of qualities that people respect, love and admire: he is outstanding in talent, infinite in wisdom, knowledgeable, well-governed and deeply supported by the people."
Gulliver lived in an adult country for two years. Once, he traveled with the king, and his box was picked up by an eagle in mid-air and then fell into the sea. Fortunately, he met an English ship to save him. Therefore, he returned to London on June 1706. Ended his trip to England.
Gulliver went to the flying island for the third time. It was1August 5th, 706, and he sailed to zhina and Malaya on the merchant ship "Good Hope". Attacked by pirates, he was exiled to a canoe by pirates, but fortunately, the waves sent him to land. After climbing the cliff, he found a strange phenomenon: an island full of people flew in the air, blocking the sun for six or seven minutes. Then, the flying island landed on the ground, and Gulliver took the opportunity to climb it. The people on the flying island are very strange in appearance and clothes. "Their heads are either tilted to the right or tilted to the left. One of their eyes is concave inward and the other is straight at the zenith. " Their coats are decorated with patterns of the sun, moon and stars; Their vocal organs and auditory organs are very dull. They have to beat his mouth and ears with swollen urine and feces before they can speak and obey, otherwise they will forget what just happened.
People on the island are always on tenterhooks because they know a lot about astronomy. I am afraid that the sun will approach the earth day by day and the earth will be swallowed up by the sun. When you meet an acquaintance in the morning, first greet the health of the sun. This flying island is only about 10,000 mu, and the bottom layer is a diamond layer, which can be lifted and lowered at will by magnets. The king and his nobles live on the flying island, and there are some craftsmen, women and children. The king ruled a large area of territory and possessions outside the flying island. If his subjects disobey or rebel, he will fly over the scene of the accident by flying island; They are deprived of the right to enjoy the sunshine and rain, and they are directly hit on their heads with flying islands, crushing all houses, buildings and people and animals.
Gulliver got a cold shoulder on the flying island. He didn't live long before the king sent him to Lagardo, the capital of the lower world. Here, he met the noble Menodi, visited his grange, and visited the National Academy of Sciences and schools. Here, scientists are doing all kinds of interesting research with great interest: some bury their heads in designing how to extract sunlight from cucumbers; Some want to reduce feces into food; Farmland with pigs; Others want to use spiders to weave webs, use bellows to treat diseases and so on. In school education, people here intend to cancel vocabulary, thinking it is good for health. A professor is writing a book about how to solve an anti-government conspiracy. So Gulliver introduced Langdon's practice in this respect to him. Gulliver said: "Almost all the residents there are detectives, witnesses, informers, appellants, prosecutors, witnesses, sworn plaintiffs and their minions ... Most people who conspire in this kingdom are trying to raise their status as politicians, restore a weak and incompetent government to its vitality, suppress or alleviate the dissatisfaction of the masses, steal confiscated property to enrich themselves and influence public opinion to make it conform to personal interests." The professor is very happy and is going to write it in the book.
Gulliver left Lagardo and went to Witch Island, another territory of Fay Island. The officers here are proficient in magic and can summon the dead. Gulliver met Alexander, Caesar, Pompeii, Homer, Aristotle and other famous figures in history. He also compared the Roman parliament with the modern parliament, saying: "The Roman parliament seems to be a gathering of heroes and demigods, while the modern parliament is like a group of vendors, pickpockets, robbers and thugs." At the same time, he also asked to meet the ancient British farmers, thinking that "they have simple customs, simple clothes and diet, always fair transactions, real freedom, courage and patriotism." These virtues, which used to be famous, are now "betrayed by future generations for a few dollars." Later, Gulliver visited the kingdom of Ragnagg. When the courtiers saw the king, they licked the floor. The king sprinkled poison on the floor to kill the minister he didn't like. He also met immortals here and learned that immortals are not a happy thing. He went to Japan by boat. 1709 In April, he returned to England on a Dutch ship. The voyage lasted five years and six months, which was the longest.
Gulliver's fourth trip was in September 1770, and he served as the captain of the merchant ship Adventurer. When he sailed to North America, the newly recruited sailors robbed the ship and he was thrown to a desert island. Gulliver came ashore and was surrounded by a group of apes-like animals, leaf tigers. At the critical moment, a gray horse came. The barbarian got scared and ran away. Then, another chestnut horse came. They "act very methodically and rationally". The horse took Gulliver home and treated him with a bundle of hay and oats. Gulliver shook his head to show that he wouldn't eat these two things, which surprised the horse. Just then, a cow passed by. Gulliver pointed to the cow's milk, so Ma understood and treated him with milk.
There are many Hu Ye at the racecourse for him to serve. These animals "have flat and wide faces, flat noses, thick lips and big mouths" and look ugly. Ma compared Gulliver's appearance with that of the wild fox and called him the wild fox. Gulliver was ashamed. Gulliver told the horse owners that horses were used to ride horses and pull carts in England, and the horses were very angry. Then Gulliver talked about the wars between European monarchs in the past hundred years. What are the causes and motives of the war? Gulliver said: "Sometimes it is because the monarch is ambitious and always thinks that the ground of rule is not big enough and the population is not enough;" Sometimes, because ministers are corrupt, they instigate their masters to go to war to suppress or divert people's dissatisfaction with domestic administrative affairs. " Ma criticized that this is irrational behavior.
Gulliver also talked about the use of law and money. He said that Yahoos in Europe think: "No matter whether they use money or save money, the more money, the better, and there is not enough time, because they are born like this, either profligate or greedy." The rich enjoy the fruits of the poor, and the ratio of the poor to the rich is one thousand. "The horse was puzzled. Because in the country of horses, although horses are distinguished according to their coat color, they are all very friendly. "Kindness and friendship" are the two great virtues of this country. They don't know what evil is. Their motto is to promote rationality, govern the country with rationality and educate the next generation. Here, young horses must "learn about temperance, diligence, exercise and cleanliness". A national congress is held every four years in the spring. When difficulties were found there, everyone enthusiastically donated money and supported each other.
Gulliver felt that "these outstanding quadrupeds have many virtues." Compared with human corruption, they have opened my eyes and broadened my horizons. " He is willing to spend his life with these "respectable' smart horses' and study and practice various virtues." "Ma Hui" all hate wild foxes, thinking that they have bad nature, quarreling with each other over a shiny stone (meaning treasure), and even causing civil war. At the Jockey Club, the "clever horses" found that the grey horse had a Hu Ye like Gulliver. They blamed the gray horse and asked it to let Gulliver go. So Gulliver made a boat, reluctantly bid farewell to the owner of the horse and left the country of "Ma Hui". At sea, he met a Portuguese merchant ship and returned to England in 17 151February.
Gulliver traveled four times, which lasted sixteen years and seven months. He recorded these personal experiences. "The only purpose is for the benefit of the public, so I can't be disappointed anyway."
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Abstract: In the first person, the novel satirizes and criticizes Britain in the first half of the18th century, criticizes the darkness of parliament and justice at that time, exposes the colonial policy of British rulers, and praises the rebellious spirit of working people.