What's in the mountains? There are many white clouds on the mountain.
You can only be self-indulgent, but you are reluctant to give it to you.
I read this poem by Tao Hongjing, which was written by Wang Zengqi in nanxi river's article. After reading it, I was immediately conquered by Tao Hongjing's crystal free and easy poem, which was like a white cloud floating leisurely on the mountain. These 20 words are as clear as words, humorous and meaningful, and never condescending. For example, when friends sit opposite each other and make fun of each other, there is a kind of fairy spirit between the lines, which feels so comfortable. From then on, I thought of Tao Hongjing and Taoshan. Now, "Thank you Zhongshu", which was selected as a junior high school textbook, is also a masterpiece: "The beauty of mountains and rivers has existed since ancient times. The mountain peaks soar into the sky and the streams are crystal clear. Stone walls on both sides, five colors shining; Green Woods, green bamboo clusters, four. The morning mist will rest, and apes and birds will sing; Night is coming and the scales are sinking. This is really a fairyland on earth. Since recreation, there have been no surprises. " Now experts are studying where the real scenes in his works are. I think what he described is a typical rural scenery in Wenzhou. Look at the landscapes written by Tao Gong: mountains, flowing clouds, streams, bamboos, green forests ... The red sun disappears, and the fish swimming under the water scramble to jump out. This is a dense landscape. Yongjia, Ruian, Wencheng and Pingyang, which place is not like this? Hey, what are you studying?
Tao Hongjing once collected herbs and made an alchemy in Fuquan Mountain and Simian Mountain in our city. It is said that he treats the poor for free. People felt his kindness and called the place where he lived "Taoshan" and the sugarcane he planted "Tao Zhe". According to legend, Tao Hongjing's monastic place is shrouded in mist all the year round, and there is the word "white clouds" in the poem, so Zhang Ran and Shamen Mountain are called "Bai Yunxiang" (1956 later merged with other two townships to form Feng Tao Town). Fuquan Mountain still has Fuquan Temple, alchemy rock, Baiyunling and other historical sites.
Because of these origins, Fuquan Mountain is particularly sacred in the eyes of villagers. I used to be the principal of Tongpu Township Middle School at the foot of Fuquan Mountain for three years. It was a troubled rural school with a large number of students losing. I was in danger and under great pressure. So I always feel that I have something to do every day. For three years, I have been trying to find an opportunity to go up the mountain to pay my respects to Mr. Tao, but I didn't make it until I left office. I'm deeply sorry.
65438+10.2 this year is the national day holiday. I can finally drive to Fuquan Mountain by myself. Fuquan Mountain has just opened a new expressway, and there are few cars on the road, so it runs smoothly. Unexpectedly, halfway up the mountain, a big tractor rushed at me at the corner and almost collided. At that time, I stepped on the brakes and my mind went blank. The distance between the two cars was less than 20 cm, and I finally stopped. Tao Gong bless! When we arrived at Fuquan Temple, we all burned incense and prayed devoutly. We carefully looked at Tao Gong on the seat, with fresh faces and calm eyes on all beings. Out of the temple gate, white clouds fluttered overhead, bamboos fluttered in front of the door, and the breeze was pleasant. It is the scenery described by Tao Gong: green water, green bamboo and deep blue, a beautiful scene. Everyone is busy taking pictures, but I have already brewed several articles in my heart. Now I copy them as follows:
Tao Hongjing's Sacrifice in Dengfuquan Mountain
Hanging the crown, SHEN WOO fled the world and helped the world play the hanging pot ape.
Bad luck is impermanent, and the white clouds and bamboo are really beautiful.
Fuquanshan Alliance
By the alchemy platform, bamboo and white clouds are still there;
At the corner of the road, the green hills and the Taoist source did not change the fog.
White clouds around bamboo, feeling that real people are not far away;
A platform was built in the canyon, and fans came here to visit the rainbow.
Whether Danzao is high in thousands of feet;
The southeast can be the first mountain.
Let's stop here. It is to express my admiration for Tao Gong.
As a famous pharmacologist in history, Tao Hongjing's greatest contribution to medicine is the collation and revision of Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, and he is one of the figures who made the greatest contribution in the early stage of the development history of materia medica. There are more than 10 herbal works in his life, and there is no unified standard, which brings considerable inconvenience to clinical application. So, he compiled more than a dozen herbal works at that time into Shen Nong's Herbal Classics and Famous Doctors' Bielu, and then compiled seven volumes of Notes on Herbal Classics with 365 herbs. As a famous alchemist in China after Wei Boyang and Ge Hong, one of Tao Hongjing's contributions to later generations is to record the flame analysis method of potassium nitrate: "At first, someone got something whose color principle was similar to that of white nitrate, which seemed to hold snow instead of ice. If it burns strongly, purple smoke will rise, and it will turn to ash and boil endlessly, such as nitrate. " The so-called "purple smoke rising" is a unique property of potassium salt. This record in Tao Hongjing is the earliest record of potassium salt identification in the history of world chemistry.
Tao Hongjing is also a famous calligrapher in history. His father and his father have titles. "Huayang Seclusion Record" said that his grandfather Tao Longshan wrote running script, and his father Tao Zhenbao inherited his ancestral art and was good at writing official script. His calligraphy style is based on the words of Yang Xin and Xiao Si. Tao Hongjing is good at cursive script, especially running script. He studied under Zhong Qin and Wang Xizhi and formed his own style with his spirit. There is "Qu Hua Tie" handed down from ancient times. Huang Tingjian, a Song Dynasty man, called Yihe Ming "the ancestor of Chinese characters", and Tao Gong was handed down from generation to generation. The calligraphy of "Yi He Ming" carved on the cliff in Jiao Shan, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province is vigorous and elegant, with both the fluency of calligraphy and the momentum and openness of the North Monument. Therefore, although it is regular script, it has both the interest of official script and calligraphy, and it is the product of the transformation of calligraphy from official script to regular script. Therefore, the past dynasties have highly appraised the stele, which is considered as a typical representative of the calligraphy innovation of the stele, and has considerable research value and calligraphy status.
Tao Hongjing also wrote "On Books with Liang Wudi", which collected his letters with Liang Wudi and discussed the merits and demerits of Zhong You, Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi's calligraphy. It was beautifully written and profoundly discussed, and was valued by later calligraphers.
After five times of reckless behavior, the Central Plains has basically become a Buddhist, while in the south, Liang Wudi wrote a letter to a Taoist to help him. Even Tao Hongjing, a famous Taoist figure known as the "Prime Minister in the Mountain", hid in the mountains to practice, and built green altars and stupas on both sides of the Taoist temple to show the dual cultivation of the two religions. After his death, he even wanted to use Buddhist robes for burial and burial. Wen Qi, Xuan Di and Levin believed in Buddhism, and in the sixth year of Tianbao (555), Wen Qi, Xuan Di and Levin destroyed Taoism to promote Buddhism, forcing Taoist priests to cut their hair and become monks. According to Zi Tongzhi Jian, Gao Yang ordered the Taoist priests wearing yellow clothes in China to be vulgar for the people, or shaved as monks, and even killed four resisters. Since then, there has been no trace of Taoist priests in Beiqi.
Tao Hongjing's life spanned the three generations of Song, Qi and Liang, and his experience was complicated. Although Liang Wudi was very kind to him, Heather also had the reputation of "Prime Minister in the Mountain". However, during the Southern Liang Dynasty, Tao Hongjing, as a representative of Maoshan Taoism, was forced to travel far. Finally, as a master of Taoist Puritanism, he came to Ashoka Tower in Jixian County, where he took an oath and practiced Buddhism and Taoism. It is this that avoids the end of the new knife like Kou.
Later generations regarded this as an example of the blending of Buddhism and Taoism in Qi and Liang Dynasties, but never analyzed the real reason of Tao Hongjing's ritual Buddhism. Tao Hongjing's move was not voluntary, but necessary to maintain the survival of Maoshan Taoists. Tao Hongjing has a poem in memory of his friend Shen Yue: "I have a few lines of tears that I haven't shed for more than ten years. Today is the best day for you, before the autumn wind comes. "
After Tao Hongjing was forced to be ordained, he told his painful mental journey under the pretext of mourning for Shen Yue. Su Dongpo's regret for life is the same at all times, and a man as broad as Tao Hongjing is no exception. Tao Hongjing's Gong Cao Li Xing Shu is particularly wonderful. He has some research on calendars, geography and medicine. The ancient Shennong Classic of Materia Medica was compiled, and the new drugs used by famous doctors in Wei and Jin Dynasties were supplemented, which became a seven-volume Notes on Materia Medica, containing 730 kinds of drugs, and the drugs were classified according to jade, vegetation, insects, livestock, fruits, vegetables and rice for the first time, which had a certain impact on the development of materia medica (the original book was lost, and now the remnant volumes are found in Dunhuang).
According to the Song Dynasty's Biography of Huayang, there are 32 kinds and 233 volumes of Dow's works, but most of them have been lost. Shang You, Taiyi Daoxing Pin, Tu, Deng Jue's Notes on Compendium of Materia Medica, Zhi Tao Yincao, Medical General Tactics, Health Guide, Nourishing and Longevity Record, Golden Jidan Huangbaifang, Tianwen Xingsuan, Emperor Calendar, Huayang Taoan Collection, etc. From this point of view, Su Dongpo's regret for life is the same at all times, and a man as broad as Tao Hongjing is no exception. (Lin Xin Rongwen)