The emperor, the name of the emperor, only exists in the book of the sea and the ancient book of the pre-Qin dynasty.
First list its image in Shan Hai Jing.
"Di Jun's wife was born only ten days ago." Di Jun is her husband, the tenth father of He.
"Di Jun's wife Chang Xi was born in 19 121February." According to Shan Hai Jing Xi Ye Jing, Di Jun is Chang's husband and the father of December.
At least in these two records, we can easily find it. At least in the myth system of Shan Hai Jing, the emperor is the father of the sun and the moon, and his position is low but supreme.
Secondly, Di Jun's myth system is not as simple as imagined. We can also get a lot of information from other related records in the Emperor.
A tolerant country, the emperor was born with tolerance, which can make people eat animals and fruits, and made four kinds of birds (wild east longitude): leopard, tiger, bear and cockroach.
In one country, a white man was born, and in Di Hong, a white man was born. The white man sold his surname, ate millet and made four birds: tiger, leopard, bear and barbarian.
There is a country of seclusion, the emperor gives birth to the swallow dragon, the swallow dragon gives birth to seclusion, and the four friends give birth to a man without a wife; Think of women, not husbands. Eating millet and animals is to be four birds ("big"
Wild east longitude ").
There is a country with a dark pool. The emperor was born in the dark pool, and the millet eater is ginger, making four birds (wild east longitude).
Di Jun's wife, E Huang, was born in this three-body country. Her surname is Yao, and she eats millet to make four birds (Wild South Classic).
There are Xiangshan Mountain and Chongyang Mountain, and people eat animals. This is called Li Ji. Di Jun was born in Li Ji. Therefore, it is called Ji Li's country (Wild Southern Classic).
There is a country in the Western Zhou Dynasty, whose surname is Ji, who eats grains and is cultivated by some people. It is called Shu County ... The emperor gave birth to millet, and the millet dropped a hundred grains, and his brother called it Tai Xi, and his uncle gave birth ("Big!"
Wild West Sutra).
There is a country with Bo 'er, whose surname is Ren, whose name is Yu, Wu and Shi Gu (Yebei Jing).
There is a country of cattle and plums, some people have no bones, and the son of Bo 'er (Yebei Jing)).
All the countries mentioned above can be regarded as countries in Di Jun's religious system. In addition, by comparing the Confucian records of "half history and half gods", we can find that most of these Confucian records are far-fetched and belong to the three emperors and five emperors in Confucian classics. In contrast, the records in the deity system of the emperor are more romantic in myth, which can be said to be closer to the original state of ancient mythology.
Di Jun gave birth to Yu Hao, Yu Hao gave birth to Liang Yin, and Liang Yin gave birth to Panyu. This is the beginning of the boat.
Panyu was born in Xizhong, Xi was born in Ji Guang, and Jiguang started with wood as a car.
Like a little life, like a bow and an arrow.
Di Jun bowed to Yi Tong for his country, and Yi Tong was the first to sympathize with the difficulties in other places.
The emperor gave birth to the swallow dragon, which is a harp.
Di Jun has eight children. At first, she started singing and dancing.
The emperor gave birth to three people, and all three people gave birth to justice. Justice is the beginning of ingenuity and ingenuity of the people.
Hou Ji is broadcasting a hundred valleys.
Uncle Sun Yue, the son of Ji, started.
These records are reflected in the eighteenth volume of Shan Hai Jing.
However, we all know a common sense, that is, in the pre-Qin myths and legends circulating now, there is no myth system of emperor at all. What is the reason?
First of all, it is clear that the evolution of the religious system of the emperor and even its demise today is mainly due to the political needs of Confucianism. However, due to different opinions on the transformation of Confucianism, which is full of flaws and contradictions, it is often unable to justify itself and even loses its credibility.
Confucian transformation of myth can be said to originate from Confucius. For example, ancient myths such as "Kuiyi Nationality" and "The Four Faces of the Yellow Emperor" are the best examples. These two myths were interpreted by Confucius as "Wei Xiao was a wise man, who was able to rule the world", and the latter explanation became "The Yellow Emperor was very wise and looked at all directions in the world." It can be said that the original beautiful mythical figures were all transformed into legendary demigods by Confucius.
Confucianism basically adopted this routine in reforming the religious system of the emperor.
Let's take the sun goddess of the "mother of ten days" as an example to see how she changed her name and finally changed.
As mentioned above, Xi's earliest record is his tenth mother. His other duty may be to be a driver for ten days. This sentence originated from Qu Yuan's poem, "I make He restrained and expect without compulsion." This statement is also highly credible.
However, in the Confucian classic Shang Shu Yao Dian, "it is time to command xi He, respect the sky, like the sun, the moon and the stars, and respect people." ——Xi He became an official, measured the laws of the sun, the moon and the stars, and designed a calendar for calculating time.
According to Lu Chunqiu's Biegong, Shiben and other documents, He and another emperor's wife often changed from a goddess to two male officials, He and Chang, who were in charge of the Japanese occupation of the moon under the Yellow Emperor. In the end, He even evolved from an official under the Yellow Emperor to six officials of Emperor Yao, namely, Shi, He, Xi Zhong, He Zhong and He Shu.
It can be said that the original fairy tales were eventually adapted into historical figures by Confucianism in previous dynasties.
In addition, the transformation of other figures in Di Jun's religious system, such as Shao Hao and Hou Ji, is even more contradictory due to the different opinions of Confucianism. But behind these contradictions, the shadow of Di Jun's myth is always reflected.
It is the great political and historical forces from civilized society that really divide and gradually die out the myth of the emperor. In order to make the myth meet the political needs, to construct the lineage of the Yellow Emperor which is beneficial to the rule of the Han nationality, and to find the foundation for the unified society from a historical perspective, the lineage of the Yellow Emperor cannot be established unless the myth of the emperor is eliminated. Therefore, Confucian scholars and historians of later generations have exhausted two reconstruction methods, namely, makeover and branch transplantation, trying to erase Di Jun's name from the Divine Spectrum, thus expelling him from the altar. -this is the view seen in the encyclopedia, and it should be the true explanation that is most in line with the disappearance of the myth of the emperor.
And Di Jun's own transformation, we have to mention two characters, namely Di Ku and Shun Di. The myths and legends of the two can be said that Di Jun's shadow is indispensable.
The following views are all to prove that Di Jun and Di Ku are the same person.
First, the emperor's century said: when he was born, he called himself "Jun", and "Jin" and "Jun" were homonyms and similar in shape, and should be regarded as one person.
Secondly, The Biography of the Later Ages was born by Princess Jiang Yuan, a classic of mountains and seas. "Xiye Jing" says that "Emperor Jun was born in Hou Ji", which can also prove that Jun and Jun are the same person.
Thirdly, it is said that the ancestor of Shang Dynasty was the child of Di Ku Princess Judy, who swallowed the egg of a mysterious bird. The ancestors of merchants were, and Wang Guowei thought that Jun was the most prominent of the great ancestors of Shang Dynasty. He Xin believes that Jun is the ancestor of businessmen. Yes, it also proves that Jun is Di Ku.
Fourth, Shan Hai Jing. "Nan Man Jing" said: "Di Jun was born in the season." "Eighteen years, the article" Zuo Zhuan "cloud, only eight.
People, including Li Ji, raccoon dog and Li Sheng, are very similar, which is doubtful. "Hao's point of view is that this can explain that the emperor and Qi are one person, so the son of two people is also.
Same name.
Fifth, Bi Yuan's "Xishan Haijing" notes: "Historical records say that marrying the daughter of the Zhang family is a concubine." Suoyin's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Huangfu Mi
Yue, female name Chang. "Di Ku's wife and handsome wife have the same name, of course, it is not accidental, and it is not surprising, because Ershen is a person.
It can be said that in the past dynasties, far-fetched attachments accounted for the majority. However, as we all know, Di Ku, as one of the Five Emperors in the Historical Records of the Five Emperors, made it clear that as the representative of Confucian emperors, he divided the system of monarch and deity, and Di Ku got a large part. The makeover of the emperor and the makeover of the emperor were mainly accomplished by creating Di Ku, one of the five emperors, replacing the emperor with Di Ku and changing his name and surname. This method is radical.
The Emperor's Century said: Yes, her surname is Ji, but her mother has disappeared. Born different, claiming to be handsome. "Although this kind of unofficial history changed the emperor to Di Ku, it still retains the traces of the transformation of" claiming to be the monarch ",but it just didn't have time to compile Di Ku's genealogy. Later, after all kinds of official history and rumors, he established the status of "Di Ku Gao Xin, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor".
The Historical Records of the Five Emperors only says that "Gao Xin was born as a god and took his own name." The omission of the word "Jun", a subtle change, made Di Ku completely get rid of the shadow of the emperor and achieved the effect of being thoroughly remoulded. When Di Jun was born, his descendants, such as, (Zhi) and his wife (Chang), also changed slightly and moved to his name. From then on, the emperor disappeared, and Di Ku sprang up as one of the five emperors.
Grafting the branches and leaves of the myth of the Emperor Due to the huge protoss of the Emperor and the great influence of the Emperor, Di Ku, who came out late, could not fully reflect the stories and legends about the Emperor, and these legends and myths were full of vitality and passed down from generation to generation, so later Confucianism divided these dynamic myths and grafted them on Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Yao and Shun respectively, so that they all had the shadow of the Emperor.
Hou Yi was sent by the emperor, and the credit for helping the people should have been attributed to the emperor, but when it came to Huai Nan Zi, it became "Yao Shi, 10 Sunrise". Yao ordered Houyi to kill insects and shoot the sun, transferring the virtue of loving the people to Yao, and at the same time cutting the myth of Houyi from the myth system of the emperor.
So the descendants of the Emperor changed their names one after another, forgetting that Emperor Yan was Hou Ji and the Queen Mother of the West was the daughter of the Emperor. Become the Yellow Emperor or the son of the Yellow Emperor, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor, Zhong Rong the son of Zhuan Xu, the son of Qi, and Hou Ji. Chang, a handsome wife, remarried, and entered Houyi Shungong.
Since then, the myth system of the emperor has finally been replaced by the myth system of Confucianism. However, as a result, the myth system of Confucianism is more complicated, so that there are many contradictions in its imperial lineage (if you are interested, you can read some related papers because
It's hard to make it clear in a few words, so I won't go into details here).
However, Shan Hai Jing, which is circulated today, still preserves the fragmentary fragments of the myth of the emperor for us, which can be said to be precious.