Jia Hu Bone Flute (Neolithic Age): The earliest musical instrument in China and the earliest musical instrument in the world.
It was unearthed in the Jiahu site in Henan province from 7800 to 9000 years ago. It is the earliest musical instrument unearthed in China, and is called "the first flute in China".
Jia Hu bone flute can not only play traditional five-tone or seven-tone music, but also play ethnic minority or foreign music with changeable tones.
Its excavation rewrote the history of pre-Qin music and even the whole history of China music, which has unparalleled importance and value.
Fang Ding, Ling Du (early Shang Dynasty): the first bronze civilization monument.
It is not only a bronze weapon in the early Shang Dynasty, but also the first bronze civilization monument created by China and even the world in the bronze age of mankind.
It is the earliest, largest, most perfect casting and most intact bronze heavyweight that human beings can recognize at present. It is also the earliest ritual vessel decorated with gluttonous patterns and chest nail patterns in China.
Be a good woman and respect others (late Shang Dynasty): the symbol of God of War.
If you have been to the exhibition "Ancient China" in the National Museum, you will see the same one, because they are a pair. "Fu Cha" was the wife of Wu Ding in Shang Dynasty, and also a female general who fought in all directions.
In ancient China, the owl was regarded as the god of war, and it was the favorite of women, even kings and generals. Zun, a kind of wine vessel, is not only the earliest wine vessel, but also a well-deserved title of God of War.
The bronze ritual vessels and weapons unearthed from Fu Hao's tomb are the embodiment of material civilization and spiritual civilization in Shang Dynasty, the material carrier of "the great event of a country lies in worshipping and conquering" and the material proof that China's bronze age reached a new peak.
Iron Sword with Jade Handle (Late Western Zhou Dynasty): The "First Sword of China" that rewrote history.
Its excavation advanced the era of artificial ironmaking in China by nearly 200 years.
The iron sword with jade handle is exquisitely made of iron, copper and jade. Turquoise is embedded in the joint between the body and the jade handle. It is the earliest artificial iron smelting product unearthed in archaeological excavations in China.
Lotus Crane Square Pot (Spring and Autumn): New Spirit of the Times.
Its main decoration is complex and exquisite, with dragon patterns around the pot body, a front dragon pattern in the center and side dragon patterns around it. All dragons are decorated with cicada patterns of different shapes, and the pitch of the dragon head is also different. Dragon patterns at the bottom of the left and right sides are symmetrically distributed with faucets and crests, and realistic bird patterns are added beside the heads.
There are double-layer hollow lotus petals on the crown cover. In the middle of the lotus petals, a crane stood with its head held high, its neck cackling and its wings flapping. Lotus crane square pot got its name from this.
It represents a new outlook on life and art, which not only reflects the important changes in the aesthetic concept of bronze art in the Spring and Autumn Period, but also contains the spirit of the times in which a hundred schools of thought contend and strive for liberation under the great changes in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Corrugated copper plate (Spring and Autumn Period): The history of lost wax casting technology in China is advanced by 1 100 years.
Ban is a kind of wine container, which began in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty and ended in the Warring States Period.
Long 1 meter, full of domineering. Its owner is Yin Zigeng, the son of Chu Zhuangwang who dares to win the Central Plains.
The whole body is cast by lost wax method. China first used the lost wax method in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. Because the lost wax method was found in the literature late, it is generally believed that China's lost wax method originated in India.
The excavation of moire copperplate pushed forward the history of lost wax casting technology in China by 1 100 years.
Therefore, the lost wax casting process was quite mature in China at least 2,500 years ago. It is not imported, but one of the three traditional casting techniques inherent in China.
Murals of Four Gods and Clouds (Early Western Han Dynasty): Dunhuang outside Dunhuang.
It was painted on the top of the tomb as a wish for good luck. In this mural, the dragon is majestic, the white tiger is frolicking, and the rosefinch is light and basaltic. There are mountains and clouds around the green, and Ganoderma lucidum and flowers grow and spread.
It is the earliest existing tomb mural with the largest picture, the highest level and the most complete preservation in China, and is praised by scholars as "Dunhuang outside Dunhuang".
Wu Zetian's Golden Slips (Tang Dynasty): Wu Zetian's Expectation.
On July 7, 700 AD, 77-year-old Wu Zetian came to Songshan to hold a Taoist sacrifice, carved a Zhang Jinlong note, and sent Taoist Hu Chao to throw this golden note at the entrance of Songshan to eliminate disasters.
1982, this golden bamboo slip was discovered by a local farmer. There is no ornamentation on the whole, and three lines and sixty-three words are engraved on the front with double hooks: "It is said that Wu Zhao, the Lord of the Zhou Dynasty, likes to live forever and pays tribute to the high mountain gate of Song Zhongyue. So far, the three officials and nine courtyards have all pledged Wu Zhao and Jiayin's little envoy Hu Chao. In July, Jia Shenshuo bowed his head and played again. "
This is the only movable cultural relic left by Wu Zetian that is related to herself.
"Three officials and nine hospitals exclude Wu Zhao's accusation" is a term used by Taoism to pray for eliminating disasters and gaining immortality. "Free and unfettered true fairy" is Wu Zetian's admiration for Taoism and longing for immortals.
Ru kiln green glaze carved goose neck bottle (Northern Song Dynasty): a rare treasure in porcelain.
The world famous porcelain, Ru kiln first; Ruyao porcelain, azure glaze carved goose neck bottle ranked first.
Ruguan kiln burned for a short time, only about 20 years in the late Northern Song Dynasty. After that, the Ru kiln disappeared and the technology was lost.
Song Huizong's favorite sky blue "Clouds after Rain" has a low yield. At present, there are only four sky-blue glazed utensils handed down from generation to generation, and this goose neck is the only carved work, which can be described as a rare treasure and unparalleled in the world.