( 1)? Long fist? The origin of this word
? Long fist? This word was first recorded in Qi Jiguang's new book Ji Xiao. Brief introduction of boxing classics in Ming dynasty? Ancient and modern boxers, Song Taizu has 32 dive long punches? . In the Ming Dynasty, Cheng Zongyou's "More Techniques of Farming". The answer "contains:? -Changquan has a home and so on, bunting has a home and so on. ? It can be seen that the Ming Dynasty has the title of Changquan, as well as Taizu Changquan and Wen Jia Boxing. The so-called "long" is relatively short, and "long fist" is famous for its relatively short strokes, just as Tang Shunzhi said in Wu Pian in Ming Dynasty. Short shots at close range, long punches at far range. ?
(B) the definition of Changquan
1, Changquan, also known as Beipai Boxing, refers to the boxing methods such as Cha, Hua, Bao, Hong, Shaolin, which are widely popular in the northern region, and have the same characteristics as * * * *, such as more leg techniques, fast and powerful boxing methods and distinct rhythm. Therefore, the people have? South fist and north leg? Statement. Here? North leg? Is it popular in the north? Beipai Boxing? , that is, long fists.
2. Changquan is the name of Changquan in Ming Dynasty, which refers to the boxing methods with broad mass base such as Cha, Hua, Bao, Hong and Shaolin, and has the same characteristics as * * * *, such as fast and powerful boxing methods and distinct rhythm.
3. Changquan is a kind of modern boxing, based on the movements of Cha, Hua, Bao, Hong and Shaolin.
(3) The content of Changquan
Changquan can be divided into two categories, namely, traditional Changquan and modern Changquan:
? 1, traditional long boxing: including tea boxing, flower boxing, cannon boxing, Hong boxing, Shaolin boxing, etc.
? 2. Modern Changquan: including basic skills and movements, single practice routines and double routines. Single practice routines are divided into prescribed routines and optional routines.
(4) Prescribed Long Boxing
? Prescribed routines refer to routines uniformly compiled by the former State Sports Commission and its organizations or relevant departments.
In the 1950s, there were primary long boxing, group B boxing and group A boxing, and later there were juvenile boxing and youth boxing.
1980? In 2000, the first set of internationally prescribed routines, including Changquan, was compiled for the 1 1 Asian Games held in Beijing in 1989. In recent years, there are the latest international competition routines organized by the International Wushu Federation, including Changquan, and the difficulty requirements have been improved.
(5) optional long fist
Optional Changquan is the product of modern Wushu competition. Wushu competition rules have uniform requirements and strict regulations on the number of people, groups, specifications and time to complete routines.
The rules of self-selected Changquan include at least three hand types of fist, palm and hook, five main steps of bow, horse, servant, deficiency and rest, as well as a certain number of fist, palm, elbow and different leg movements, jumping and balancing.
The development direction of optional long boxing: highlighting the standardization requirements of optional movements and artistic re-creation of routines, so that it can face? High, difficult, beautiful and new? Direction development.
(6) The sports characteristics of modern Changquan.
Spread out, spread out, turn around.
Fast, powerful and flexible
Jump, jump, blink, prance.
Ups and downs, more legs,
The rhythm is distinct and magnificent.
Characteristics of Changquan technique
(1) quick.
What are the technical requirements of Changquan? Boxing is like a meteor? Be quick and powerful. But not only should the fist swing fast, as fast as lightning, but also the movements of the palms, shoulders, arms and wrists should be fast.
Do you want to make achievements in sports? Boxing is like a meteor? Let the shoulders and arms relax, run through them from front to back, and let the shoulders, elbows and wrists move flexibly and smoothly. For example, the punching action starts from the pointed joint, followed by the middle joint (elbow), pushed by the root joint (shoulder), punching straight, exerting force, twisting the waist, following the shoulder, violently rotating the arm and penetrating the fist surface. In a word, the correct method is the basis and guarantee of rapid operation.
(2) Ming Rui's eyes.
What are the requirements of long boxing for eye method? Eyes like electricity? Be aboveboard. The eye method in long boxing is not isolated, but is inseparable from the action. It can be roughly divided into two types: one is? Follow up? , requirements? Eye movement? ; And the other one? Gaze? , requirements? Follow the trend? . To move your eyes as quickly and easily as a meteor, you must have? Lightning? With bright and sharp eyes. The change of eye method is not only closely related to movements, but also closely related to the activities of the neck. With the change of movement, the flexibility of the neck is particularly important for the ability to quickly change the face shape. Gaze shows the intention of action. The action of Changquan generally has a strong sense of attack and defense, and the intention of attacking or defending, or advancing or retreating is not only reflected in the action, but also in the change of eyes. Even when the fist is still, it contains the intention of waiting for an opportunity, giving people a feeling of being still, because the so-called potential is constantly breaking, and the strength is connected with the intention. Eye contact is the key to express action intention and vivid expression, so eye contact must be done? Eye movement? Follow the trend? Ming Rui is like electricity.
(3) the body should be flexible
What are the requirements for posture in Changquan? The waist is as flexible, flexible and free as a snake. The posture in Changquan shows different changes such as flashing, turning, spreading, shrinking, folding, bending, leaning and leaning back, and these changes are mainly waist. So, what does the body law require? The waist is like a snake. On the one hand, the change of posture is not a stylized thing, but it should be as flexible as a snake. On the other hand, the flexibility of the thoracic spine is needed. Only in this way can the movements show rigidity in softness, liveliness in softness, rigidity in rigidity, flexibility and strength in movements, and straightness in straightness, so as to reflect the style and characteristics of Changquan.
Body posture is mainly expressed through five parts: chest, back, waist, abdomen and buttocks. Generally, when changing from active action to static action, pay more attention to chest, straight back, waist collapse and buttocks. In sports, this is necessary. The body changes with the situation? , flexible posture. Different movements can only be achieved by adopting different posture changes and cooperating with hands, eyes, steps and legs? Waist like a snake.
(4) Steps should be steady.
What are the requirements for footwork in Changquan? Sai Bu sticky? , be steady. Stand firm as your feet touch the ground, don't lift your feet, don't stand on tiptoe, and don't waver. It is not affected by the activities of upper limbs, lower limbs and trunk, but also provides necessary stable conditions and basic guarantee for the activities of upper limbs and trunk. In addition, the footwork should be light and flexible. ? Unstable steps lead to chaotic punches, and slow steps lead to slow punches? , vividly shows the role of footwork in Changquan. Only when the footwork is steady and light can the footwork be steady and not chaotic. Push at a quick pace, punch at a step, and coordinate up and down.
(5) the essence should be rich
Long boxing requires energy, fullness and concentration. Abundance is like a river raging tide, fullness is like thunder and anger, and attention is like an eagle watching its prey. To show the surging momentum and? Angry? Charm. However,? Angry? Reflected in the boxing situation, the feeling of swallowing mountains and rivers and bravery is immersed in the action and integrated into the atmosphere of fighting. It's like catching a dragon and killing a tiger. It's full of momentum, magnificent, earth-shattering, and crying, which is by no means manifested in the shy eyes and the fierce anger of grinning.
(6) Gas will sink.
What is the requirement of long boxing for breathing? Should gas sink? Be angry. This is because breathing is related to the persistence of action and the promotion of strength, that is, the promotion of qi. Changquan has complex structure, ups and downs, high speed and great strength, which determines that Changquan has great intensity and needs a lot of oxygen. If you are not good at mastering and using it? Experience the abdomen? Abdominal breathing is easy to make qi and blood upwelling and make the breath swim in the chest. When qi goes up, it will be empty and short of breath, which will lead to lack of oxygen. Lack of oxygen will lead to lack of strength, dizziness and nausea, pale face, disordered movements, and the balance of exercise will be destroyed. So when you exercise, you must use abdominal breathing and be good at it? Gas storage? Only in this way can the exercise last and keep the balance of the exercise. What are the breathing methods of Changquan besides resting your breath? Lift, lift, gather and sink? . These breathing methods should change with the movement, but they should be followed all the time? Should gas sink? Basic requirements. At the same time, we should pay more attention to let nature take its course, and don't pretend deliberately.
(7) strive for fluency.
What is the power requirement of Changquan? Want smooth sailing? . Smooth force is a necessary condition for the connection between movements, otherwise, the movements will be stiff and stiff, and the movement structure and routine rhythm will be destroyed. To be obedient to martial arts, we must start from the Ming Dynasty. Three quarters? , understand? Liuhe? Let's begin. Three segments, as far as upper limbs are concerned, the hand is the sharp segment, the elbow is the middle segment and the shoulder is the root segment; For the lower limbs, the foot is the tip joint, the knee is the middle joint and the hip joint is the root joint. Different movements have different power sequences. For example, punching and pushing hands all start from the tip joints, while kicking and bouncing kicks all start from the root joints. The six-in-one refers to the coordination of six parts: hand, elbow, shoulder, foot, knee and hip. Are you sure? Three quarters? What is the order of forces? Liuhe? If the relationship is coordinated, the action will be open-minded and smooth.
(8) Work should be pure and green.
What are the technical requirements of Changquan? Should the work be pure? . Here? Work? It refers to the technique of long boxing and the skill and technique of using long boxing. ? Should the work be pure? It means that kung fu is as pure as fire. Although this is a virtual and exaggerated metaphor, it is indeed a high-quality requirement for Changquan Technology. Boxing proverb says? Always fascinated when you don't have kung fu? ,? Kung fu is practiced? . To achieve pure green technology, the first thing is to constantly practice and explore under the premise of technical standardization. Only by persisting in practice and perseverance can we constantly improve our physical quality and skills, sublimate our skills, increase our kung fu and gradually reach the ideal pure youth situation.
(9) Four strikes method
? Strike four? It refers to kicking, hitting, throwing, taking and four strikes in Wushu, and it refers to that the action method in Changquan should conform to these four rules of attack and defense. Kicking, hitting, throwing and taking have their own systems, and each has its own specific contents and sports methods. Kicking methods include kicking, kicking, bouncing, clicking, circling, swinging, sweeping and hanging. Playing methods include rushing, bumping, squeezing, leaning, collapsing, splitting, picking, smashing, holding, blocking and copying, and throwing methods include kicking, dividing and cheating.
Changquan has very strict requirements on the methods of kicking, hitting, throwing and taking specific contents, that is, every movement and situation must be strictly observed? Strike four? Rules, if you deviate from these rules of attack and defense, you can't really reproduce the offensive and defensive significance of different actions, and you lose the consciousness and value of long fist attack and defense.
(10) is a metaphor for potential.
Changquan has twelve movements: moving, static, starting, falling, standing, standing, turning, folding, light, heavy, slow and fast. Predecessors used these twelve situations to remind people of their pursuit of long boxing skills by metaphor, commonly known as? Type twelve? .
1, moving as the Tao: the trend of movement. Describe the momentum of sports, like the waves of the sea, with a sense of rhythm. Do it. Is there silence in the movement? Do you want to rhyme? .
2. Quiet as Yue: the trend of stillness. When it is still, it is like facing the Qifeng of the face, as steady as Mount Tai.
3, starting like an ape: the trend of taking off. When jumping in the air, be as light and agile as an ape.
4, falling like a magpie: the trend of falling. Describe the magpie falling on a branch, falling from a height to a stable action.
5. Standing like a chicken: the trend of independence on one leg. When describing the independent action from activity to stillness, it is like a chicken suddenly hearing something while running, and immediately stops to bend its legs and shake its head to watch.
6, standing as loose: the trend of standing on two feet. Describe the state of standing as tall and straight as pine and cypress, proudly full of vitality in stillness, giving people a sense of stillness.
7. Turn like a wheel: the trend of rotation. It is described that the movement of the wheel around the shaft should be the same as that of the wheel around the shaft, which should not only have the support of the shaft, but also have the potential of the flywheel to meet the requirements of circle.
8. Folding like a bow: the trend of folding. Describe the twisting and bending action like a bow. The greater the bending force, the greater the rebound strength. Flexibility in folding and pitching is not required, but the rebound strength of the bow. At the same time, it also increases the pre-contraction for the muscles that are about to exercise? Initial length? , conducive to movement changes.
9, as light as leaves: the trend of light floating. Describe a light movement as light as a leaf, and it is difficult to detect it without sound when landing.
10, as heavy as iron: a trend of heavy volume. When describing heavy exercise, it is as solid, powerful and calm as steel.
1 1, as slow as an eagle: the trend is slow. Describe gentle movements as slow and powerful as an eagle hovering in the air, with a focused look and no fear of slacking off.
12, as fast as the wind: the trend of speed. Describe the speed of action as a flurry, unstoppable. But? Fast and avoid hair? Is it easy to explode? Blindly showing fast will make the action chaotic, too fast is easy to get hot, and heat can be hidden. On the premise of accurate action norms, we should seek speed and show rhythm.