Pingyao Ancient City, located in the middle of Shanxi Province, is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,700 years. With Langzhong, Lijiang, Yunnan and Shexian, it is also called "the four best-preserved ancient cities" and the second batch of national historical and cultural cities. It is also the only ancient county in China that successfully declared the world cultural heritage with the whole ancient city.
Yuci Old Town was built on the site of Seoul in the second year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 582), with a history of 1400 years. Yuci ancient town has a long history, profound cultural heritage and unique tourism resources. It integrates ancient houses, ancient city walls, ancient county halls, ancient temples, ancient streets and ancient shops, and natural scenery such as mountains, waters, forests, springs and waterfalls, and integrates Shanxi merchant culture, national culture, Yellow River culture, Sanjin culture and urban culture in one furnace. At the same time, the simple folk customs and colorful folk arts in Jinzhong endow the ancient city with aura and vitality, and the nature, humanity, history and art are skillfully integrated. Film and television dramas such as "Qiao Family Courtyard" and "Walking West" were all filmed here.
Wangfujing Street starts from East Chang 'an Street in the south and ends at China Art Museum in the north, with a total length of about 1.600 meters. It is the most famous business district in Beijing. Wangfujing's daily necessities, hardware, electrical materials, clothing, shoes and hats, jewelry, diamonds, gold and silver jewelry, etc. It's dazzling, and the purchase and sales of goods are huge. It is called "the land of gold".
Central Street is the most prosperous and well-planned commercial pedestrian street in Harbin. It starts from the Flood Control Memorial Tower Square on the riverside in the north and connects to Xinyang Square in the south, with a total length of 1.400 meters. It still maintains the original flat square granite pavement, which acts like Nathan Road in Hong Kong. The whole block is divided into several different paragraphs, with large department stores or famous fashion shops and specialty restaurants standing on both sides. Because vehicles are forbidden to drive on the street, the crowds on the street are also endless, whether on weekdays or holidays. This long street was built in 1900, and the street buildings include 7 1 buildings in Renaissance and Baroque styles. It covers the most attractive cultural development history in Europe in the past 300 years. Now Central Street has become a pedestrian street integrating leisure, sightseeing and shopping.
Qiaojia Courtyard is located in Qiaojiabao Village, Qixian County, Shanxi Province, 54 kilometers north of Taiyuan and only 2 kilometers south of Dongguan Town. Also known as the "Middle Temple", it is the residence of Qiao Zhiyong, a famous commercial and financial capitalist in Qing Dynasty. It was built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, and was renovated twice and expanded once. After several generations of continuous efforts, a magnificent building complex was built in the early years of the Republic of China, which reflected the unique style of northern dwellings in the Qing Dynasty. On February 13, 2006, a 45-episode TV series "Qiao Family Courtyard" with Qiao Zhiyong characters as the background, directed by Hu Mei, written by Zhu Xiuhai and starring Chen Jianbin and Angel was broadcast on a set of prime-time CCTV files. Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, which has exclusive publishing rights, also published a long historical novel of the same name, Qiao Family Courtyard.
Wang Family Courtyard is located in Jingsheng Town, east of Lingshi County, Shanxi Province 12km. It is 35 kilometers away from Pingyao ancient city, 4 kilometers away from Mianshan in Jiexiu, and 2 kilometers away from Zishou Temple, where the 18th Luohan returned overseas Chinese. It is a boutique tourist route launched by Shanxi Province in recent years with the advantages of "famous city, famous mountain, famous courtyard and famous temple". Tongpu Railway and National Highway 108 run through the county. The Lingshi exit of the newly opened Dayun Expressway is 2 kilometers away from Wang Jia Courtyard, and the traffic is very convenient.
Yuci, Shanxi Province, has always been recommended by the family. With the ambition of making money into the world and the spirit of pursuing a cosmopolitan home, Yuci made tea in Wuyishan, set up a village in Chaktu, opened up a Wanli tea road, and sold it to Mongolia, Russia and Northern Europe for more than 200 years, becoming a wealthy businessman in Shanxi and the first family in China's trade with Russia. The reason why Chang's family business is prosperous lies in its foresight, being prepared for danger in times of peace when it is rich, teaching others how to teach an axe, and its family origin. Handed down from generation to generation, we will abide by the family motto of "learning to be excellent is good" and constantly deliver outstanding cultural talents to the business community. Business groups ensure a lasting elite class, and perfectly embody Confucianism and ethics in economic consciousness and business activities, and realize the unity of economic rationality and moral rationality.
2. What historical blocks are preserved and protected?
The concept of "historical block" was first put forward in "Athens * * *" adopted by the International Institute of Modern Architecture in Athens in August 1933: "Buildings and blocks with historical value should be properly preserved and not destroyed". The Protection of Historic Towns and Urban Areas adopted by the International Council of Monuments and Sites in Washington in 1987 put forward the concept of "historic urban areas" and defined it as: "Regardless of the size, it includes cities, towns, historical centers and residential areas, as well as their natural and artificial environments. ..... They can not only be witnesses of history, but also reflect the value of traditional urban culture. At the same time, it also lists the contents that should be protected in historical blocks: the pattern and spatial form of lots and streets; Spatial relationship between architecture and greening and open space; The internal and external characteristics of historical buildings, including the relationship between volume, form, architectural style, materials, architectural decoration and the surrounding environment, including the relationship with the natural and artificial environment; Historical role and location role.
The concept of "historical block" was formally put forward in China in 1986 when the State Council announced the second batch of national historical and cultural cities. As a famous historical and cultural city, we should not only look at the history of the city and its preserved cultural relics, but also look at whether its present situation and style retain historical characteristics and whether there are certain blocks that represent the traditional style of the city. Its foundation is the "historic traditional block" previously proposed (established) by the Ministry of Construction in 1985: a block with relatively concentrated cultural relics or a block that can fully reflect the traditional features and ethnic and local characteristics of a certain historical period. It has also been protected and approved as a "historical and cultural protection zone" at local levels.
The Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Cultural Relics, which was revised in June, 5438+October, 2002, officially listed historical blocks as immovable cultural relics. The specific provisions are as follows: "Towns, streets and villages that are particularly rich in cultural relics and have great historical value or revolutionary significance shall be approved and announced as historical and cultural blocks and villages by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and reported to the State Council for the record" (Article 1 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Cultural Relics).
It is very important to distinguish historical blocks from historical and cultural blocks. There is a need for authoritative literature on historical blocks: "As a famous historical and cultural city, we should not only look at the city's history and preserved cultural relics, but also see whether its current pattern and style retain historical characteristics and whether there are certain blocks that represent the traditional style of the city."
Historical and cultural blocks: refers to areas with a certain scale, approved and announced by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, with particularly rich cultural relics and concentrated historical buildings, which can fully and truly reflect the traditional pattern and historical features. The definition of historical and cultural blocks in the Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics is: an area protected by law, which is called "historical area" academically.
It seems that there is not much difference between the two. These two words are the predecessors of China historical and cultural blocks. The latter is relatively perfect and protected by law.
4. Historical and Cultural Blocks Historical and Cultural Blocks are important areas to record the socio-economic development process and enrich cultural traditions of a city, reflecting the traditional features and cultural characteristics of a famous historical and cultural city, and the focus of protection of famous cities lies in historical and cultural blocks.
Although great achievements have been made in the protection of historical and cultural blocks in China at present, there are still great differences in the understanding of protection objectives, protection contents and utilization methods, and the effectiveness of protection is still not satisfactory.
Dongguan Street in Yangzhou is a very successful case. After reasonable transformation and upgrading, it has become a business card of Yangzhou, integrating culture, tourism and commerce, and has developed very well.
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