Talking about the development course of wood structure architecture Abstract: By citing important cases of wood structure architecture in Asia, America and Europe, this paper introduces the history and development of wood structure architecture, and probes into the key and possibility of the re-emergence of wood structure architecture under the concept of environmental sustainable development. Key words: wood building, wood reinforced wall, architectural style, sustainable development. In the development of human civilization, wood, like earth-rock materials, is one of the most primitive building materials. In addition to the extensive use of wood, human beings are also striving for perfection in construction technology and craft, accumulating rich architectural knowledge and creating many immortal cultural assets. Therefore, the wooden structure building occupies an important position in the architectural history. Since the industrial revolution, the modern construction industry has developed vigorously, and modern buildings represented by reinforced concrete structures have emerged one after another. At the same time, it has also brought endless disasters to human natural environment, such as global warming, ecological imbalance, soil erosion and so on. Entering the 2 1 century, mankind is facing an important period of introspection. Under the background of high development of science and technology and industry, the management and maintenance of environmental ecology has become one of the most concerned focuses. As far as residential development is concerned, although the construction technology of modern buildings is mature, it is often one of the main behaviors that destroy the environment and ecology, among which improper development of water and soil resources, excessive emission of carbon dioxide and excessive consumption of resources are the most serious. Wood structure architecture was once the most successful architectural form in China. However, once upon a time, wooden architecture has become a familiar but distant term in China, leaving only catchy historical documents and countless "unclear" empirical rules. Fortunately, under the impetus of the ideological trend of "green building" and "ecological building", wooden structure buildings have gradually gained the favor of the market, and many building owners and architects are also eager to try. 1 The Past of Wood Structure Architecture In ancient China, wood was always the most important building material. The types of wooden buildings in China combine social class form, religious spirit of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and philosophical culture. More importantly, it embodies China people's respect for nature in ancient times. Semi-earth-covered buildings supported by wooden columns were found in Xi 'an Banpo site of Yangshao culture (4800-4300 BC). In the ruins of Yin Ruins in Anyang (BC 1766 ~ BC 1 122), there is a kind of wooden column-beam building mainly composed of gravel and copper sheets. During the Warring States period (475 BC-22 BC1year), it was also obvious that there were column-beam wood structures and even bucket arches. Since then, until 600 AD, although there is no obvious record about the residential culture of wooden buildings in this period, according to the documents preserved in Korea and Japan at the same time, Chinese wooden buildings have spread widely in the Far East and influenced the architectural culture. The construction method of the Song Dynasty (1 103) described the materials, construction methods, forms and forms of the wooden structure buildings in detail and systematically, indicating that the technical level of the wooden structure buildings had reached the peak at that time. In the Qing Dynasty, Code of Practice for Engineering (1734) listed building rules with different functions and forms. Different from the construction method, this rule lists the dimensions of each component in detail, which reflects the differences and development process of wooden structures in Song and Qing Dynasties. Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is the tallest wooden structure building in the world, with a total height of 67.3 1 m, and it is the only existing large wooden pagoda in China. Yingxian Wooden Pagoda was built in the second year of Qing Ning in Liao Dynasty (AD 1056). It was located in the middle of the front of the temple and was the main building in the temple at that time. In the past 900 years, the wooden tower has withstood the test of many strong earthquakes, but it still stands without any damage, which shows its strong seismic capacity and reflects the achievements of ancient wooden buildings in China. Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is the tallest existing wooden structure building in China and the tallest existing ancient wooden structure building in the world. In North America, the earliest wooden wall buildings were built by European colonists. Immigrants from different parts of Europe built different forms of wooden structures, such as the famous Greek revival style, Italian style, Queen Anne style and wooden stick style, which appeared in the 1950s and 1960s. It is characterized by the combination of stone slab steep roof and metal decoration, a large number of wooden strips and geometric decorative patterns are used in the external wall, the plane of the house is often asymmetric, and the pillars, supports and beams of the porch are often carved. Most buildings are made of wood, and a few are mixed with brick and wood. The design of many houses still inherits the European style. 1874, the earliest shingle style appeared in the eastern United States, designed by architect Henry Robinson Richardson (1836 ~ 1886). Its characteristics include a large number of slats covering the external wall of the building, and the roof has a great inclination. These fully reflect the characteristics and texture of wood. In Europe, the exact architectural form of wood reinforced wall can be traced back to the end of 13, and the oldest Romer building in Germany was built in 1296. In Sackhousen, Frankfurt, wooden reinforced wall buildings built between 129 1 ~ 1292 were found. /kloc-After the 0/5th century, according to historical documents, it is obvious that accurate mechanical calculation technology should be used in wood reinforced wall buildings, so more reasonable and more difficult buildings began to appear in large numbers. 2 Wood Structure Architecture Since the modern industrial revolution, wood structure architecture has gradually withdrawn from the historical stage. Up to now, there is no serious academic research on wood structure architecture, but judging from the development history of architecture since the 20th century, it can be roughly summarized as three points: 1) Although wood is a building material, it is different from other building materials: in the long traditional life of human beings, wood is also a common burning material. Coupled with the rapid population growth in modern times and the continuous destruction of the surface by war, the speed and degree of forest resources loss have obviously affected the important needs of human beings (in view of this, a large number of regenerated forests have been planted in European countries since the17th century), so driven by the sense of crisis, the demand for replacing traditional materials is increasingly urgent. 2) With the beginning of the industrial revolution, people began to seek more new materials and construction methods, and with the improvement of the manufacturing efficiency of new building materials, the problem of gradual shortage of wood can be solved in both quality and quantity. In contrast, wood has gradually failed to meet the future market demand and challenges. 3) Due to the extreme growth of global population after the war, the demand for housing is increasing, and countries with high population density have built high-rise houses, which is beyond the reach of wooden buildings. Unfortunately, however, the development of new building materials is based on human consumption of non-renewable resources. Driven by the pursuit of novelty, the development trend of new materials and new buildings reveals fanaticism, expectation, creativity and vitality. People are insensitive to its possible long-term effects and even forget it. At least at that time, many problems did not get much attention and response from society. Wood structure building is a complex architectural form, which requires a high degree of knowledge background and is strongly attached to cultural traditions. At this time, the inheritance of its experience and historical value gradually faded and was silently submerged in the torrent of "modernization". The future turning point of wooden buildings appeared between the first oil crisis in 1973 and the international summit of Rio Group in 1992. Facing the development trend of modern architecture, wooden architecture not only calls for environmental protection, resources and sustainable development, but also calls for quality of life, humanities and cultural traditions. As a result, a series of interesting and innovative architectural schemes have come out one after another, especially in Europe, where environmental awareness is high. The rise of wooden buildings is like "the counterattack of nature", which once again shocked people. Many successful cases are even more surprising. More and more architects and engineers are involved, and more detailed and in-depth research and development problems have sprung up. On the contrary, people should not only reconsider the future development of other "new building materials" that conflict with the concept of sustainable development and have a direct or indirect negative impact on the environment and ecology, but also try to solve or reduce their negative impact on human society. The "modern train" blindly pursuing functions is slowing down and readjusting its direction. A study by the Department of Building Technology of Tsinghua University shows that the heating energy consumption of wooden buildings in Shanghai is 27. 1% lower than that of light steel buildings and 3 1.3% lower than that of concrete buildings. Experts pointed out that the redevelopment of wooden buildings not only means the recognition of traditional materials and technologies, but also is an advanced practice in line with the development prospects of human society. From the point of view of construction economics and architectural ecology, it is indeed a new way for rational utilization of resources and sustainable development to popularize wooden buildings. Conclusion It can be seen that the wooden structure architecture has a long history with human housing forms and living habits, and its footprints are all over Asia, Europe and America, covering almost all ancient civilizations. In the 265,438+0 century, under the influence of global warming, excessive energy consumption, soil erosion and other disasters, human beings have to abandon the utilitarian thinking of science and technology for hundreds of years and re-examine modernism to reduce the re-creation and crisis brought by architecture to the environment. Therefore, there are endless discussions about "green building", "ecological building", "sustainable building" and "organic architecture". In today's era of advocating environmental awareness, wooden buildings in line with the spirit of sustainable development have risen with an "alternative" attitude and stood on the stage of world architecture again. However, the challenges faced by wooden structures are no less than the expectations it has been given. How to find the best orientation and development strategy among the three major trends of economic development, emerging life forms and human sustainable development will be the biggest task faced by modern wood structure construction practitioners. References: [1] He Bin. Thoughts on the Sustainable Development of Ecological Buildings from the Perspective of Environment [J]. Scientific and Technological Progress and Countermeasures, 2003(3):35-36. [2] abercromby. Artistic view of architecture [M]. Tianjin: Tianjin University Press, 200 1. [2005.[4] Wang Chao, Ye Xue. Application of new technology in the protection of ancient buildings [J]. 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