The Republic of China is a period of great turmoil and transformation in China's history, and it is the end stage of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The establishment of the Republic of China is different from the previous autocratic monarchy in China. It was established through the struggle of bourgeois democratic revolution. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, China was plunged into a serious national crisis due to the corruption of the Qing Dynasty and the deepening aggression of capitalist powers, especially the failure of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895.
2. Wuchang Shouyi
In the first decade of the 20th century, China society was in violent turmoil, and the spontaneous resistance of urban and rural people was like a wave chase. People's uprisings broke out in the northern provinces. Famine occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River year after year, hungry people flocked to cities, and rice riots occurred from time to time.
3. The Republic of China began.
In June 19 1 1, 10, revolutionaries launched a successful Wuchang uprising, which triggered revolutionary responses in various parts of China in the following two months. On February 29th, representatives from 22 provinces of the Qing Dynasty 17 elected Dr. Sun Yat-sen, who had just returned to China, as the interim president of the Republic of China.
4. Beiyang era
After the provisional government officially moved its capital to Beijing, it established the Beiyang warlord regime headed by Yuan Shikai. Yuan Shikai suppressed the Kuomintang at home and betrayed national sovereignty abroad. Sun Yat-sen called for the use of force to beg Yuan, and a "second revolution" took place. Due to the disintegration of the Kuomintang and the strength of the Beiyang Army, the "Second Revolution" soon failed. After Yuan Shikai suppressed the "Second Revolution", he began to restore the monarchy.
5. Northern Expedition and Unification
1924 65438+ 10, the first national congress of China Kuomintang was held in Guangzhou. The convening of the "First Congress" of the Kuomintang marked the realization of the cooperation between the two parties and the formal establishment of the revolutionary United front.
6. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Great Patriotic War
During the period of 1937, the Japanese successively occupied North China, Songhu and Nanking, and occupied a large number of territories in China. The National Government was forced to move from Nanjing to Chongqing. In the last eight years of the 14 Anti-Japanese War, it launched an all-round anti-Japanese war.
7. Anti-chaos and home protection
1946 1 the political consultative conference was held in Chongqing, and the political consultative conference adopted a resolution in favor of the people, which was welcomed by the people all over the country. Although the Kuomintang also announced its support for the CPPCC resolution, it put forward many reservations. Then, at the Second Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Kuomintang held in March, he publicly refused to recognize the binding force of the CPPCC meeting and continued to advocate one-party dictatorship.
Extended data:
Politics of the Republic of China:
1, constitution
1946 65438+February 25th, adopted by the National Assembly. 1947 65438+ 10/promulgated by China Nanjing Kuomintang government, 1 4, 175. The basic characteristics of the constitution of the Republic of China are: upholding the one-party dictatorship of the Kuomintang under the banner of freedom and equality; In the name of "equal land rights" and "controlling capital", the feudal land exploitation system and the economic monopoly of bureaucratic capital are guaranteed.
2. Administrative organs
The government of the Republic of China is the governing body of the Republic of China. Its history can be traced back to the provisional government of the Republic of China, and 19 1 1 was founded in Nanjing. Later, it was changed several times by the Beiyang government and the National Government.
3. National flag and national emblem
Eighteen-star flag and five-color flag were adopted in the early years of the Republic of China, and then the red flag was popularized throughout the country. There are three national emblems, the Twelve National Emblems of Beiyang Government, the National Emblem of Nanjing National Government, and the revised version of the National Emblem of Nanjing National Government imitated by Wang. The national anthem generally refers to the song of the Three People's Principles after the victory of the Northern Expedition.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Republic of China