First of all, let's talk about the situation in the northeast. The fertile land in the northeast is very important to our country at present? As one of the heavy industry bases, the three northeastern provinces have a population of over 1 100 million. In those days, shenyang military area command was established with three northeastern provinces as the main body. However, in ancient history, it was a different situation. In the ancient history of our country, for the Central Plains Dynasty, it generally controlled all parts of Liaoning and guarded the safety of the front line in North China, such as the four counties in Liaodong in the Han Dynasty and Liaodong Town in the Ming Dynasty.
Liaoning and Gansu, like the right-hand man of the Central Plains Dynasty, have very important geographical positions. As for Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places, it is the central plains dynasty and the northern nomadic regime repeatedly contested areas.
When the Central Plains Dynasty was strong, Jilin and Heilongjiang were controlled through a large-scale Northern Expedition. However, with the decline of the national strength of the Central Plains dynasty and the intrigue of internal warlords, the nomadic regime in the north will regain control of Jilin and Heilongjiang. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, this situation occurred repeatedly.
In the late Ming Dynasty, Liaodong Town was the most important town among the nine major towns in the Ming Dynasty, with more than 260,000 troops stationed. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the post-Jin regime, the predecessor of the Qing Dynasty, rose in the northeast. There were many wars between the late Jin Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, such as Salhu War, Daling River War, Fushun War, Liaoxi War and so on. After several rounds of world wars, the post-Jin regime has basically controlled the northeast region and various parts of Mongolia, competing with the Ming Dynasty.
1636, Huang taiji proclaimed himself emperor and established the Qing dynasty. 1644, the Qing dynasty went south on a large scale, and it took 10 years to destroy the peasant rebels and the Nanming regime in various places and establish its own rule over all parts of the country. Northeast China belonged to the "land of Longxing" in the Qing Dynasty, and people from all over the Central Plains were forbidden to enter the Northeast.
Finally, the pattern of inland 18 province in Qing dynasty appeared, which was also called 18 province in Han dynasty. In the northeast and northwest, there were no provinces in the Qing Dynasty, only generals. Because there were no local divisions and officials, the Qing Dynasty did not grasp the actual situation of cultivated land and minerals in Northeast China, and its control over various places was also very low.
In the northeast, on the contrary, the Eight Banners are all the same. The Eight Banners Army is the main field force of the Qing Dynasty, which is divided into Manchu Eight Banners, Han Eight Banners and Mongolian Eight Banners, with a total strength of more than 200,000 people. About half of them are stationed around the capital, known as the Eight Banners of Beijing Camp. The other eight banners are distributed in all parts of the country. Green camp Army was adapted from the surrendered troops of the Ming Dynasty, with a total strength of more than 600,000. It is responsible for assisting the operation of the Eight Banners and is stationed in various provinces. The situation in the northeast is that there are more than 30 thousand Eight Banners troops stationed in total.
Because the northeast region is vast and sparsely populated, it belongs to the rear area and has no provinces, and it is completely managed by the generals under its jurisdiction. Among them, General Shengjing managed more than 8600 people in the Eight Banners Army 18600, Jilin General managed more than 9900 people in the Eight Banners Army, and General Hei managed more than1000 people in the Eight Banners Army. It can be seen that there were not many garrisons in Northeast China in Qing Dynasty. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, in order to suppress the Taiping Army, the Qing Dynasty successively transferred the Eight Banners Army from the northeast to the south. Compared with the Eight Banners Army inside Shanhaiguan Pass, the Eight Banners Army outside Shanhaiguan Pass is indeed more effective.
In order to strengthen the management of Northeast China, 1907, the Qing Dynasty abolished the generals in Northeast China and established Jilin Province, feng tian Province and Heilongjiang Province, which were the embryonic forms of the three northeastern provinces. 19 12 years, the Qing dynasty, which ruled for more than 200 years, perished. 19 13, the total population of the three northeastern provinces exceeded 20 million, and it is still increasing.