Song Jiang helped Han up and asked, "Who is the first step? High surname? " Chai Jin pointed: "This man is from Qinghe County. Wu and Song ranked second. I have been here for a year. " Song Jiang said, "How lucky! How lucky! I have heard so much about Wu Erlang, but I meet you here today!" ("Water Margin" Twenty-third time "Chai Jin stayed in Henghai County, Jingyanggang Wu Song killed tigers")
Here, we know from the import of firewood that Song Wu is from Qinghe County, which is the first time that Qinghe County appeared in Water Margin. However, the story of Water Margin did not unfold in Qinghe County in the future. However, because it is the hometown of the famous Liangshan hero Song Wu, it attracts readers' attention.
So, where is Qinghe County in the water margin?
For a long time, when Qinghe County was mentioned, most people noticed that it belonged to Zhou En, Hebei East Road in the Northern Song Dynasty, changed to Daming House after entering the gold, belonged to Daming Road in Zhongshu Province in the Yuan Dynasty, and was assigned to Guangping House in the Ming Dynasty, which is now Qinghe County in Hebei Province. In the Water Margin Expo published in 2006, Mr. Sun Jingquan wrote "Qinghe County" and also said: "In the Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to Zhou En, East Hebei Road, which is now Qinghe County, Hebei Province." The author also followed this theory in the article "Talking about Some Geographical Names of Liangshan Park in the Past and Present" (see History of Liangshan, China Literature and History Publishing House, 2008. 12. 1 edition, p. 305).
But after reading the original water margin, according to the geographical location of Qinghe County described in the book, it is not Qinghe County in Hebei Province today. From the perspective of "literature and history".
The name of Qinghe County appeared in Water Margin, concentrated in twenty-three or twenty-four times, and appeared for more than a dozen times in a row. Although it was only brought out from the dialogue, it was not actually written, but its geographical position was clearly seen from these dialogues.
There are at least three proofs in Chapter 23 of Water Margin that this Qinghe County is not the Qinghe County in Hebei Province today. For the first time, I wrote "Song Wu is homesick and wants to go back to Qinghe County to see my brother" and left Cangzhou. I walked on the road for a few days and came to the ground of Yanggu. The second time, I wrote that Song Wu thought about Jingyanggang after "drinking fifteen bowls of wine before and after" in the "Three Bowls Don't Pass the Gang" hotel, and the hotel refused to let him go, saying that the gang had a big blade and it was too late to come out and hurt people, which had "broken the name of thirty or twenty big men". Song Wu smiled and said, "I'm from Qinghe County. I have been to this Jingyang Mountain at least 10, 20 times. When did I hear that there was a big bug? " The third time was after Song Wu killed the tiger. "The magistrate of a county to see him honest and kind, want to flatter him. He said,' Although you are originally from Qinghe County, you are only near yanggu county. How about I join you as the boss today.
As we all know, Qinghe County in Hebei Province is located in the southwest of Cangzhou170km, and yanggu county is 260km southwest of Cangzhou, separated by Dongchangfu. Qinghe County is located at 1 10 km northwest of yanggu county, and it will never pass through yanggu county from Cangzhou to Qinghe County. Furthermore, under the traffic conditions at that time, 1 10 km could not be called "easily available", and Song Wu of Qinghe County would not often pass by Yanggu Jingyanggang, "passing by one or twenty times". In other words, the geographical location of Qinghe County in Water Margin must be not far south of Jingyanggang in Yanggu.
In this regard, the Qing Dynasty Cheng Muheng also wrote in his Notes on the Water Margin and Jingyanggang:
Jingyanggang is in the north of Qinghe County, which is out of date. It's a hilly area, with no trees and no steep slopes, which is different from today.
Here Cheng Muheng clearly wrote "Jingyanggang" in the north of Qinghe County. Jingyanggang is uncontroversial on the ground in yanggu county. Therefore, the geographical position of Qinghe County in Water Margin should also be in the south of yanggu county.
However, common sense tells us that Qinghe County did not exist in the south of yanggu county, no matter in the time when the story of Water Margin happened or in the time of the author of Water Margin. So, what is the situation of Qinghe County written in Water Margin? Mr. Liao Wei from Liaocheng Cultural Bureau made textual research on this.
In today's southwest of yanggu county, there is an ancient river called Qingshui River, commonly known as Qinghe River, which is a tributary of Jihe River and was later swallowed up by the Yellow River. There is a Qingshuihe village on Qinghe Old Road, which is only17km away from Yanggu. It is now the resident of Qingshuihe Town, Taiqian County, Henan Province. This village is an ancient village, and it has been an important military place for generations. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Tan Daoji's Northern Expedition was here.
The first section of Chapter 6 "Military Affairs" in Taiqian County Records records: "In the eighth year of Yuanjia in Liu and Song Dynasties (AD 440), Tan Daoji, the top scholar general, was ordered to quickly rescue Sliding Platform (hua county) and Mao Xiu. Tan Daoji invaded Qinghe and was occupied by Wei Jun generals Sun Changda and Sun Daosheng. He fought more than 30 times in Qingshuihe area, and most of Wei Jun won. Fengdui, formerly known as Xie Jialing, is Tan Daoji's seclusion place. Later, he moved to Gao Liangting in the east of the county and killed Wei Jizhou, which made Si Hyogo win a great victory. Tan Daoji's Singing for Sand has been handed down from ancient times to modern times, that is, this campaign. " It is also said that Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, once lived here.
It can be seen that Qingshuihe Town existed today in 440 AD, and there was an important war here. It is a military town in past dynasties, with a long history and high popularity. Song Wu of the Northern Song Dynasty grew up in such a battleground for military strategists, and naturally developed the habit of "speaking out". At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the author of Water Margin naturally knew the ancient and modern ingenious idea of "singing for sand" and was familiar with this important place where major battles took place. Qingshuihe Town has such a long history and such an important historical position that it is not surprising that it has become the prototype of Qinghe County in Water Margin.
That's understandable. Although Qinghe County has been mentioned many times in Water Margin, its ownership has never been mentioned. The reason is that a Qingshuihe "town" was upgraded to a "county". First of all, this is out of respect for Song Wu. Second, it's easy to describe. Naturally, it is difficult to explain its ownership.
There is no doubt that Qinghe County, the hometown of Song Wu in Water Margin, is located in Qingshuihe Town under the jurisdiction of Taiqian County, Henan Province, northwest of Dongping Lake Reservoir.
The Water Margin was circulated in the Yuan Dynasty and compiled into a book in the Ming Dynasty. Written in Cangzhou, Song Wu and Song Jiang said they would go home to see their brother. They first took a boat along the (canal) from Cangzhou-Yanggu Zhang Qiu to their hometown in Qinghe Township, Taiqian County, and passed Jingyanggang to see their brother who was an official in Yanggu.