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What are the climbing routes of Mount Everest?
As early as the beginning of19th century, Mount Qomolangma has become a place that mountaineers and scientists all over the world yearn for. However, it was not until 1953 that Edmund Hillary and Tenzin in Britain set the first successful record. By the end of 1998, there were 1054 people in the world who enjoyed the unique reputation of being on the top of the world. Through their own efforts, they discovered and created 1 1 mountaineering routes, namely:

The route of southeast ridge: 1952 was discovered by the Swiss mountaineering team, but unfortunately it fell short. It was not until the following year that the British team successfully reached the top along this line.

Northeast Ridge Route: 1960 was initiated by the People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) team and successfully reached the summit.

Route from Northwest Ridge to North Wall: 1963 was initiated by the US team and was a success.

Southwest wall route: 1975 was initiated by the British Bonin team and reached its peak.

Northwest ridge route: 1979 was discovered by the former Yugoslav team and reached the summit.

Straight to the north wall route: 1980 was initiated by the Japanese team and reached its peak.

Nanzhuling route: 1980 Poland team opened up and reached its peak.

Route from northeast ridge to north wall: 1980 Mesner was the first successful.

Route from southwest wall to northwest ridge: 1982 was initiated by the former Soviet team, and reached the peak along this route.

Route from East Wall to Southeast Ridge: 1983 was initiated and succeeded by the San Francisco Bay Area team.

East wall route: 1988 was initiated by the US-New Zealand international expedition and reached its peak.

In the same year, the joint mountaineering team of China, Japan and Nepal also achieved a feat of crossing the north-south slope and reaching the summit. The heroic miracle of human climbing Mount Everest is constantly emerging.

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The route from People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) to this mountain is: take a bus from Lhasa along the China-Nepal Highway to Segel via Gyangze and Yuekaze, with a total length of 670 kilometers, and then drive south along the simple highway via Pazhuo District. After driving 1 10 km, you will reach the Rongbu Temple at the end of Rongbu Glacier at the northern foot of Mount Everest, with an altitude of 5 145 meters.

Jo-mo glang-ma, also referred to as Mount Everest, is located in the Himalayas on the border between People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) and Nepal, with snow all year round. It is the highest peak in Asia and the world. In Tibetan, "Qomolangma jo-mo glang-ma ri" means "Mother of the Earth". In Tibetan, Jo-mo "Everest" means goddess, while Lang-Ma "Lang-ma" should be understood as female elephant (in Tibetan, Lang-ma has two meanings: Yanagi Takayama and female elephant). According to myth, Mount Everest is the palace where tshe-ring mched lnga lived. In the west, this mountain peak is generally called Mount Qomolangma to commemorate George Everest, the director of Indian Survey Bureau who was in charge of surveying the Himalayas when Britain occupied Nepal. The last survey of Mount Qomolangma was carried out in 1999 by the National Geographic Society using the Global Positioning System (GPS). They think that the elevation of Mount Everest should be 8850 meters. At present, the recognized altitude of Mount Qomolangma in People's Republic of China (PRC) was determined by the People's Republic of China (PRC) mountaineering team in 1975, that is, 8848.438+03 meters. However, the outside world also has a variety of sayings such as 8848 meters, 8840 meters, 8850 meters and 8882 meters. Recently, on May 22nd, 2005, People's Republic of China (PRC) re-measured the height of Mount Qomolangma, and the mountaineering team successfully reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, again accurately measuring the height of Mount Qomolangma. The new height of Mount Everest is 8844.43 meters. Meanwhile, stop using 8848.438+03m in 1975.

Interestingly, although Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world, its summit is not the farthest point from the center of the earth. This special point belongs to Chimborazo Mountain in South America. The majestic image of Mount Everest has always had an impact on the local area and even the whole world. The fourth edition of RMB 10 yuan has the pattern of Mount Everest on the back.

192 1- The first British mountaineering team led by Lieutenant Colonel Charles Howard Burley began to climb Mount Everest, reaching an altitude of 7000 meters.

1922-The second British mountaineering team reached an altitude of 8320 meters with oxygen supply devices.

1924 —— When the third British mountaineering team climbed Mount Everest, George Mallory and Andrew Irvine disappeared while using the oxygen supply device to reach the summit. Mallory's body was found at an altitude of 8150m on 1999, and the camera he was carrying with him was missing, so it is impossible to determine whether he and Owen were the first people to successfully climb the summit in the world.

1On May 29th, 953, Edmund Hillary, a 34-year-old mountaineer from New Zealand, as a member of the British mountaineering team, climbed Mount Qomolangma along the southeast ridge route together with tenzing norgay nor Gayen: tenzing norgay, a 39-year-old Nepalese guide, which was the first mountaineering team to successfully climb to the top on record. From 65438 to 0956, the Swiss mountaineering team headed by Albert Eigler climbed Mount Everest for the second time in human history.

1960 On May 25th, the people of People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) climbed Mount Everest for the first time. They are Wang Fuzhou, Kampot and Qu. This climb is also the first successful climb from the north slope.

1963, the American expedition headed by Norman Dillenforth successfully climbed to the top from the west slope for the first time. 1975, Japanese Junko Tanabe became the first woman in the world to climb Mount Everest from the south slope. That year, the People's Republic of China (PRC) mountaineering team climbed Mount Everest for the second time, and nine members reached the summit. Among them, Tibetan player Panduo became the first woman in the world to successfully climb the summit from the North Slope. 1978, Austrian Peter Haber and Italian reinhold Mesner successfully climbed the summit for the first time without oxygen tanks. 1980, Polish mountaineer Krzysztof Vereker successfully climbed Mount Everest for the first time in winter. 1988, a joint mountaineering team from People's Republic of China (PRC), Japan and Nepal successfully climbed Mount Everest for the first time from the north and south sides. 1996 15 climbers, including the famous mountaineer rob hall, were killed in the process of climbing the summit, which was the year with the largest number of deaths in the history of climbing Mount Everest. From 65438 to 0998, American Tom Whitaker became the first disabled person in the world to successfully climb Mount Everest. In 2000, the famous Nepalese mountaineer Babu Chiri set out from the base camp and climbed from the north slope. The successful summit took 16 hours and 56 minutes, setting a record for the fastest summit. In 200 1 year, American Vihengmel became the first blind man to climb Mount Everest. In 2005, People's Republic of China (PRC) (PRC) successfully climbed Mount Qomolangma for the fourth time, and obtained the height data of Mount Qomolangma.

Most of the mountains in western China are long and majestic. The Himalayas, located on the border of Xizang Autonomous Region, China, Nepal, India and other countries, stretches for more than 2,400 kilometers, with an average elevation of more than 6,000 meters. It is the most majestic mountain range in the world.

In the Himalayas, there are more than 50 peaks above 7000 meters above sea level, and 16 peaks above 8000 meters. The famous peaks are Nanfeng, Xixia Bangma and Gancheng Zhangjia. "Himalaya" means "land of ice and snow" in Tibetan. It is covered with snow and ice all year round, with ice peaks like swords leaning against the sky and glaciers like snake snakes. Mount Qomolangma, located on the border between China and Nepal, is the highest mountain in the world, reaching 8844.43 meters.

Mount Qomolangma is mountainous and has a unique geographical environment. The lowest temperature all the year round is MINUS 30-40 degrees Celsius. It doesn't snow all the year round in some places on the mountain, and glaciers, ice slopes and ice towers can be seen everywhere. The air at the summit is thin, and the oxygen content in the air is only a quarter of that in the eastern plain, and there are often seven or eight strong winds. Twelve strong winds are not uncommon. The wind blows snow, and the spray flies and fills the sky. Mount Everest is of great scientific research value and has long attracted people's attention. 1960, China mountaineers and scientists braved difficulties and overcame many difficulties to climb Mount Everest from the north slope for the first time, creating an unprecedented miracle in the world mountaineering history. Since 1960s, scientists in China have made a comprehensive survey of Mount Everest, and obtained rich and valuable information on paleontology, physical geography, alpine climate, modern glaciers and landforms. 1975, China surveyors climbed Mount Everest again with the cooperation of China mountaineering team, accurately measured its height, and drew a detailed map of Mount Everest. All these provide an extremely important scientific basis for China to develop and utilize the natural resources of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The Himalayan region where Mount Everest is located used to be an ocean. In the long geological age, a large number of gravels and sediments washed down from the land accumulated in the Himalayan region, forming a marine sedimentary rock layer with a thickness of more than 30 thousand meters. Later, due to the strong orogeny, the Himalayan region was squeezed and lifted violently. According to estimates, it rises by about 20-30 meters every 1 10,000 years, and it is still rising in the Himalayan region until now.