The popularity of this series of movies has not only made Ekin Cheng (Chen Haonan), Jordan chan (Pheasant) and other leading actors very popular, but also brought gangsters such as "Red Star Society" into the eyes of the general public. From the day the film was born to now, people have been asking if Hong Xing really has a prototype.
To discuss this issue, we have to trace back to the history, starting from Hong Men (Heaven and Earth Society), triad society, Hehetu, 14K and Xinyi 'an.
0 1
Hong Men (Heaven and Earth Society)
Hong Men is also called "Heaven and Earth Society". The Main Secret Associations in Southern China in Qing Dynasty. It is named after worshipping heaven as the father and earth as the mother, commonly known as the Red Gang. The Origin of Hong Men is a muddled book. In the fifty-third year of Qianlong, Yan Yan, commander-in-chief of Taiwan Province Heaven and Earth Society (also known as Hong Men), was captured. When he was questioned, he mentioned the origin of Hong Men, but he asked three questions: "I really don't know when this religion started. But according to Chen Biao, this religion has a long history. Once upon a time, there was a Zhu and a Li. Zhu's name is Zhu Dingyuan, and Li's name is unknown ... "
I don't know much about the place of birth. On April 14, Yan said, "It smells from Sichuan." Of course, the government should make a good investigation, and there is no result in turning Sichuan upside down into "Sichuan IV". Li Shijie, the governor of Sichuan, couldn't find the Red Gate base. In August, Renchen said, "Sichuan Province has visited everywhere, and heaven and earth are unknown."
But in any case, there are three main theories about the origin of Hong Men. One statement originated from the secret book of the Heaven and Earth Society, claiming that it was founded by a monk from Shaolin Temple in Fujian in Jiayin Year of Kangxi (1674) or Jiayin Year of Yongzheng (1734). Another way of saying it is that after the Republic of China, Hong Men members said it was created by Zheng Chenggong; There is also a saying that a monk in Zhangpu, Fujian Province (that is, a monk in Honger) called Tixi was founded in the 26th year of Qianlong (176 1) or the 32nd year, according to the archives and official books of the Qing Dynasty.
The slogan of the Heaven-Earth Society is "Anti-Qing Dynasty, Restoring Vision, Doing Heaven, Robbing the Rich and Helping the Poor", which reflects the national concept of the people at that time and the demand of resisting oppression. The lower socio-economic status of its members makes them more in need of mutual assistance. Therefore, loyalty and righteousness have become the highest moral standard in the meeting and an important guarantee for achieving organizational unity and economic mutual assistance. At first, the Heaven and Earth Society spread mainly in Fujian, East Guangdong and Taiwan Province Province, and later spread to Guangdong, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan and other provinces. After the Opium War? And spread to Sichuan, Hubei, Anhui and Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In the early Qing Dynasty, in addition to the original name of Heaven and Earth Society, there were many names such as Heaven and Earth, Filial Piety, Double Knife, Parents, Sandian, Sanhe and so on 10. After the Opium War, a large number of branches, such as the gerontology society, appeared, resulting in a large number of mountain religions all over the country, which became a major feature of the Heaven and Earth Society.
Although the origin is unknown, Hong Men has made a lot of noise in the modern history of China. In the past 200 years, its branches, An Baili, Red Lantern, Red Gun Club, Broadsword Club, Small Knife Club and Paoge, have been clamoring for "fighting against the Qing Dynasty and regaining sight" every day. The Qing court strictly prohibited secret association activities. However, Hong Men people's activities against the Qing court never stopped. The Heaven and Earth Society held many armed struggles. In the early Qing Dynasty, besides Lu Mao's uprising and uprising, there were Lin's uprising in Taiwan Province Province, Taiwan Province Province's Daohui Uprising and Chen Zhouquan Uprising. After the Opium War, the armed uprising launched by the Heaven and Earth Society had a great influence. The important ones are Xiamen Knife Society Uprising and Shanghai Knife Society Uprising. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the activities of the Heaven and Earth Society were very active. Its leaders, Hong Daquan (Jiao Liang) and Luo Outline, led the congregation to join the Taiping Army. The short-term regimes such as Dacheng, Shengping and Yanling established by the Heaven and Earth Society in Guangdong and Guangxi also cooperated with the struggle of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
19 1 1 The Wuchang Uprising was initiated by Hong Men in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hunan and Zhejiang. Overseas Hong Men organizations not only give revolutionaries strong financial support, but also send people back to China to participate in the revolution. One of the most formidable figures was Yuan, a master of Hong Men, who almost got into the enemy's bed. She is the daughter of Yuan Shikai and the seed player of Puyi's choosing a concubine. Unfortunately, it was eliminated at ten minutes to eight. Another one has to say Sun Yat-sen, who is a high-ranking "double bonus stick" in Hong Men. In On Sun Wen, he mentioned Hong Men: "Hong Men was founded in the Ming Dynasty and began in the Kangxi period. Before Gai Kangxi, the Ming Dynasty's valiant and heroic people were eager to recover, and they swore to be unclear and sacrificed their lives for justice ... "
After the demise of the Qing dynasty, "anti-Qing" and "An Qing" lost their meaning. Hong Men lost his goal and gradually degenerated. After entering the Republic of China, the vast majority of heaven and earth societies in China have become tools for a few people to fight for power and profit or accomplices of the reactionary ruling class to oppose revolution and suppress the people. Most overseas Hong Men organizations still exist as an important link to unite overseas Chinese, and only a few have become underworld organizations. ?
Hong Men, a gangster, is active in South China. At the beginning of the 20th century, Hongbang was the most powerful gang in Shanghai, and Fan Gaotou was the highest-ranking person. Huang, Li Chaowu and Liu were all brought out by him.
The Red Gang first spread from Fujian to Guangdong and Guangxi, covering the whole of South China, and then developed to Taiwan Province Province, Macau, Southeast Asia, America and other regions with Guangdong and Guangxi as the springboard.
02
gangdom
Gangs in Hong Kong can be traced back to "Hong Men" in Qing Dynasty and later renamed as "Triad". It is rumored that the name of the underworld is related to Guangdong. One theory is that triads only refer to Hong Men organizations in Guangdong, because there are three rivers in Guangdong: Dongjiang, Xijiang and Beijiang. Another explanation is that the name of the underworld originated from Chen Jinnan, the first incense owner in Hong Men, who failed to lead the uprising and died in Gao Xi Temple in Huizhou, Guangdong. His followers (formerly known as Su) continued to oppose the Qing court. They think that the weather, location and people are just right, so they are also called triads.
After the demise of the Qing Dynasty and the Second World War, triads evolved into a general term for traditional secret societies in Hong Kong. For nearly half a century, the activities of various gangs in the underworld include collecting protection fees, drug trafficking, money laundering, illegal gambling, running industries and other so-called pornographic, gambling and drug-related industries. Individual members will also commit crimes such as theft, fraud, kidnapping, intimidation and extortion. There are more than 200,000 members of large triad societies in Hong Kong, and 7- 10% of the triad members of most street gangs are active members. If all the triads and gangs in Hong Kong are unified, the number will reach more than 400,000-500,000, so Hong Kong often confuses triads with triads. In other words, triads are a basket that any gang can put in.
03
Hehetu
From 65438 to the 1980s, it was not uncommon for the people to be naked, hungry and cold at that time because of the government's complacency and corruption in the late Qing Dynasty. As a result, a large number of people fled to Hong Kong and Macao to find a place to live. Some of them are regarded as "piglets" and sold by traffickers to Hong Kong and Macao as coolies at the lowest level of society. The people who are sold as "piglets" are mainly Nanfanshun people of Siyi. The so-called Nanfanshun was a general term for the jurisdiction of Guangfo at that time, including Guangzhou, Foshan and Shunde. Siyi people, including Taishan people, Kaiping people, Enping people, Xinhui people, Hakka people, Weitou people (She people) and so on. Although these "Nanfanshun" have a large number of people, they do not have their own organizations. As the bottom of society, they are often squeezed and humiliated by the upper class.
1August 5, 884, the Sino-French war broke out. Although Nanfanshun's workers are in Hong Kong, they are concerned about national security. After the war officially broke out, the workers United with the local people and refused to connect all the goods of French ships. French merchant ships immediately turned to the Marine Department, the Marine Police and other departments for help. Later, the Marine Police claimed that it was illegal for workers not to unload the goods on the grounds of the Merchant Shipping Ordinance, and arrested dozens of workers. After this incident, Lai Zhong, a ringleader, was blind and loyal, and later told people. ), stood up without hesitation. This person studied in "Diocesan College" in his early years, received a good education, and can also speak fluent English. He found the marine police who arrested the workers and asked for their release, but it was useless. The marine police insisted that it was illegal for workers not to unload the goods.
After this incident, the workers knew the importance of unity. So under the joint initiative of many small groups, 1884, 10 On June 3rd, a famous demonstration and strike of workers in Hong Kong broke out. Protest that Britain and France suppressed the patriotic movement in China and oppressed the working class. Workers' demonstrations broke out in an all-round way, and there were no porters at the dock, which caused many goods of French merchant ships to be unable to disembark. There are more and more ships and goods on the dock, and many goods that cannot be accumulated for a long time are damaged, which has caused great losses to French businessmen. On the third day of the demonstration, the British Hong Kong government sent troops to suppress it, sent police to the residences of various small groups, talked with the leaders of the groups, and threatened to force the workers to take the dock again. Although it was lovely to go, the goods were still unavailable.
654381the March on October 3rd attracted international attention. At this time, the British Hong Kong government did not dare to create any more troubles, so it could only send police officers to help unload the goods with the army, and all the workers who were willing to unload the goods were hired at high prices. The result of the unity strike showed the small group the power of unity. As soon as the strike is over. The active Lai Zhong "Blind Loyalty" contacted every small group to join and jointly registered a "legal society" called "Hehetu". The first helmsman of "Harmony and Earth" was Lai Zhong, nicknamed "Blind Loyalty". The leaders of Lai Zhong's other 12 cliques are Ma, Fang Wanzai, Dou Pimei, Da Yansheng, Jian Bu Shuai, Le Zai, Yuan, Jazz Duo, Xiao Zai Zhou, Bian Jiong and humpbacked Huayu Bencai, who are in charge of 12 cliques. Later, the "river map" was also called "river map" and "foreigner", and Lai Zhong was the "crooked mouth emperor". In the later period, many well-known gangs in Hong Kong spent money on "Harmony Map", including the most active societies in Hong Kong, Harmony Group, Harmony Peace, Harmony Peace and so on, all of which are branches of "Harmony Map". Commonly known as "and prefix".
04
Heshenghe
From 1884-1909, Hehetu has established 26 small tangkou in Hong Kong. They have no strict rules and regulations, and there is no distinction between high and low. Other branches and tangkou are called Hesheng, Liqun, Hongsheng, Yi Sheng, Yi Tang, Yi Ping, Pinger, Lihe and Tang Sheng respectively.
In the 20th century, Hong Kong's economy began to prosper. Trade and port conditions make more and more people go to work in Hong Kong. Most of these people are coolies. In order to compete for jobs, people from the same town or region naturally have to take care of each other. Gangs often compete for business with each other, and fighting is common.
At that time, the British Hong Kong government was too lazy to take care of these things, as long as it didn't kill people, which made the gangs form their own rules and fight for more rights and interests by violent means.
1909, the brave "black family" called on all gangs to unite and be organized and disciplined. As a result, the first Hong Men Congress in Hong Kong was held, and Black Gu Ren was elected as the "founder" of the Hong Men in Hong Kong. Because Black Gu Ren is an authentic member of Hong Men, after he became the "founder", he inherited the ceremony and hierarchy of Hong Men gangs in Hong Kong.
The congress established the sixth order of Hong Men, and the boss said? Zhu Xiang? , followed by marshal number two, red stick, Paper fans, sandals, what's the name of the lowest ordinary messenger? "49". Later, the "Yixing Company" of Chaozhou Gang added the position of "Five Tiger Generals" between "paper fans" and "straw sandals".
At the same time, this conference decided to add a? The word "He" takes the meaning of emphasizing harmony and forms an independent and unified triad with the prefix "He". For example, Hongshenghui was renamed He Hongsheng and Yongyitang was renamed He Yongyi? . Their ancestor is the "harmonious map" founded by Lai Zhong mentioned above.
1909 The former "Shenghetang Ancestral Hall" Shenghetang, formerly known as "Shenghetang Club" (Hesheng Village, Chengnan District, Dongguan City), was established in Jiulongzai, Sham Shui Po District, Kowloon, Hong Kong, with a harmonious entrance. 1909 After the Hongbang Conference was held in Heijia family, the word "He" was added before the name, and "Shenghetang" became "He Shenghe".
1925, there was a general strike in various provinces and ports. Unemployed people encouraged the gang to expand, merge and expand rapidly, and became the leading Hutchison Society from a small hall of the Hopeshengtu School.
1930, Heshenghe declared its independence from Hutchison Whampoa, and Heshenghe became the mainstream of the "He Zi" school. After the liberation of Chinese mainland, he led Hutchison Whampoa and 14K, Xinyi 'an and other organizations to establish themselves in Hong Kong.
05
14K
When we talk about 14K, we must talk about Ge Huang Zhao. Ge served as the company commander in the 93rd Division of the National Revolutionary Army 1934 Army, and 1942 joined the military system with outstanding military achievements. 1943 served as commander of Xijiang independent operations, 1944 assassinated Chen yaozu, governor of Guangdong province of Wang puppet government.
During the Second World War, General Yasaki Ganshi of the Japanese army knew that underworld was prevalent in Guangdong, so he and officials of Wang Ching-wei's regime, such as Li, Feng Biqiao and others, used some returned overseas Chinese and local gang brothers in the Heaven and Earth Society to create the "Southwest Branch of Hong Men Wuzhou Overseas Chinese Society" (referred to as "Southwest Headquarters") to do intelligence work, and forced traders and coolies to join in order to maintain the society's finances.
1945 On the same day that the Japanese army surrendered, the military commander Ge seized the "Southwest Headquarters" located at No.4 Xiguan Road/kloc-0, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, and renamed it "Hong Men Hongfashan Loyalty Hall (Society)", and carried out intelligence activities in Guangzhou under the name of "Hong Men Loyalty Society" and took over its nature. Because it is located at Bao Hua Road 14, 14 has become another name for this organization.
1in the spring of 949, the defeat of the Kuomintang was decided. On the one hand, the internal high-level officials are preparing to retreat, on the other hand, they also buried "hidden piles" after the retreat. Mao Renfeng, director of the Secrecy Bureau, instructed his subordinates to secretly contact Hong Men organizations in Guangdong and Guangxi to pave the way for the Kuomintang to retreat.
Ge Huang Zhao is the best person to take charge of this task. He has two identities, one is the small leader of the military system, and the other is the "protector" of Hong Men.
After Ge arrived in Hong Kong, he assembled many old men and regarded them as heads of state, and began the task of opposing * * * and reorganizing the "Red-haired Mountain Loyalty Hall". Thanks to the financial support of Taiwan Province provincial government and the organization and armed ability of the former military background, it is a unique force, forming the embryonic form of today's "14K".
Ge's old army was mainly the remnants of the Kuomintang who fled Hong Kong in 1949. These people fled to Hong Kong, forming the largest refugee tide in the history of Hong Kong. At that time, the British Hong Kong government placed these defeated refugees in the citizen village of Moxingling.
At that time, there were many extreme and powerful leftist forces in Hong Kong. They want to drive these disarmed remnants of Chiang Kai-shek out of Hong Kong, so they often go to the refugee area of Moxingling to make waves. And these unarmed fugitives who have experienced countless bloody battles are not easy to mess with. Finally, at 1950, these fugitives and left-wing students in Hong Kong turned into a large-scale bloody conflict. This conflict made the British authorities in Hong Kong finally make a decision to move1100,000 remnants of Chiang Kai-shek and their families to Tiaojingling for centralized resettlement.
Among the defeated refugees living here, there is a man named Ma Heling. His wife gave birth to a son in the refugee camp and became the smallest refugee in the camp. They named the baby Ma Ying Jiu and later became the leader of Taiwan Province Province.
The conditions in Tiaojingling refugee camp are very difficult. Many of these refugees used to be powerful or powerful generals, but no matter what happens, now everyone is at the bottom of society. No one here cares or asks, and the new order can only be established by fists. Ge and the 14th gang fled to Hong Kong to rebuild their societies and were listed as Hong Kong underworld organizations by the British Hong Kong government. The real Red-haired Mountain General Association has been registered as a legal association with the National Government in Taipei, so the local gangsters in Hong Kong renamed Ge Jiajun as 14K for identification, and the "k" of 14 K is the initials of the Kuomintang. At that time, other word stacks in Hongfashan opposed its self-proclaimed loyalty hall system, but their strength was not enough to change 14 and balance the organization and armed forces of paramilitary forces. With decades of historical development, they gradually confused the outside world and couldn't tell the details. However, the name 14K has been handed down in order to make people who know the details of history laugh at it, implying that Ge Jiajun and his party were the product of the regime after 1949, not the Hong Men system.
During the thirty years from 1960 to 1990, 14K developed rapidly, with a membership of 200,000 at one time, expanding into one of the three largest Chinese gangs in the world. During the period of 1990s, many members gradually developed to Chinese mainland. According to 199 1 statistics, there are about 20,000 main members in Hong Kong. In the1960s and1970s, we had close contact and interaction with the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan Province Province to help fight against * * *. However, in recent years, 14K rarely involves political issues, and the Taiwan provincial government has stopped subsidizing 14K.
Because it inherited all kinds of secret rules and rituals of Hong Men in the Qing Dynasty, coupled with unique underworld poetry and culture, it has always been the most mysterious of all gangs, and is considered to be an orthodox big gang originating from Hong Men, with unique mystery. Unlike other gangs, 14K is not local to Hong Kong, and it is full of political color. Ge, the leader, died in A.D. 1950, and his eldest son, Ge Jiwei, was regarded as the leader of orthodox filial piety in Hong Men.
In addition, 14K also specially trained a "12K golden hairpin" women's special action team, led by a heroine, with 1 1 "beauty snake" killers. They cleverly lured the beauty trick and once made a big scene in Kowloon City, intercepting drug lords and drugs and framing a certain person.
06
Xinyian
"Yi 'an" is the ancient name of Chaoshan. Chaozhou Prefecture was called Yi 'an County in ancient times. Since Chaoshan area belongs to Yi 'an County since ancient times, Xinyian is also called Chaozhou Gang by Hong Kong people. Originated from 1866, an old gang of Chaozhou River founded in Wan 'an. 19 19 years, Wan split and Yi opened another mountain. 192 1, registered with the China Affairs Department of the Hong Kong Government in the name of "Yi 'an Chamber of Commerce and Industry".
Forward is one of Dai Li's confidants. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he got military orders and sneaked into Hong Kong to engage in espionage. After hiding in Hong Kong, he became the leader of the Yi 'an Chamber of Commerce and Industry with Chaozhou gang background, taking orders from the military and engaging in espionage activities.
On the day of Japanese surrender, the former site of Hong Men Wuzhou Overseas Chinese Association Southwest Branch was occupied by Ge, renamed as "Hong Men Hongfashan Loyalty Hall", and made it the leader of Hong Men. Dai Li, director of the General Bureau of Gefeng Army, was honored as President Jiang. The leader of Yi 'an Chamber of Commerce and Industry, who is also a subordinate of Ge, is in charge of Yi 'an Hall in Taiping Mountain, Hong Men, and was awarded the rank of National Revolutionary Army. Therefore, Xinyi Anhe 14K had a "blood relationship" when they set foot in Hong Kong.
During the period of 1947, the Yi 'an Chamber of Commerce and Industry was cancelled due to its involvement in triad activities. The leader of the rank of Kuomintang stepped forward and renamed the organization Xin 'an Company and its branch Yong 'an Company, commonly known as Xinyi 'an.
1953, the head of Xinyi' an was deported to Taiwan Province province by the British Hong Kong government. His son is in charge of Xinyi' an to Huayan.
1956, the police raided the gang on a large scale, and Xinyi' an had branches such as Zunyi, Yiqun and Dahaocai. After the reform of the leader of the new Xiang nationality, the hereditary system within the gang was established, and it was the Xiang nationality. By the time of 1980, the organizational structure was quite perfect, with "five tigers" and "ten outstanding people" and libraries in all major regions.
In April 1980, 1, the overseas Chinese newspaper in Hong Kong disclosed that since March 29th, 1980, the police raided Xinyi 'an on a large scale, and nearly 50 people, including people sitting in the museum, red sticks and white paper fans, were arrested, making it the largest "1956". 1994 65438+1On October 8th, the Hong Kong police launched a massive "anti-triad" operation again, arresting 14 senior executives of Lutheran. At one time, the police estimated that Xian Yi 'an had grown to 80 people, with 654.38+10,000 members. Together with Heshenghe, it was the largest gang organization in Hong Kong.
07
Who is the prototype of Hong Xing?
Having said that, who is the prototype of Red Star Society?
The popular saying on the Internet is faithfulness and security, but Niu Lao, the original author of Young and Dangerous, said so. At the age of 27, he saw "My Days in the Gangdom" starring Chow Yun Fat in the cinema and felt something inside. Three years later, I began to draw young people and dangerous people myself.
The name of the gang was taken from Hong Xing in the movie three years ago. Jiang Tiansheng imitated Chow Yun Fat, pheasant refers to Tony Leung Chiu Wai, and Chen Haonan uses Andy Lau.
At that time, most of the bosses in the movies were called Dong Ge, so Niu Lao deliberately took the word Nan and Hao from the company name. In order to be pleasing and conform to the characteristics of stuttering, the hostess gave it a very careful name.
The first story originated from Niu Lao's friend Wu Zhixiong, who was later brother B in the movie.
According to Niu Lao, Red Star Society has no prototype, it comes from movies. But the so-called 1000 readers will have 1000 Hamlet, and it doesn't matter what the author himself says.
Art comes from life and is higher than life.
You can say that Hongxing Society originated from 14K, because Ge Zun, the eldest brother in Hongxingli, is surnamed Jiang-Jiang Tiansheng and Jiang Tianyang.
You can also say that the rise of flood originated from the river map. The leaders of Lai Zhong's 12 clique are Ma, Fang Wanzai, Dou Pimei, Da Yansheng, Jian Bushuai, Ru Zai, Yuan, Duo, Xiao Zaizhou, Bian Jiong and Tuobei Huayu, who are in charge of this 12 clique. Mr. Jiang from Hong Xing also has 12 cousins:
1, "suitable" for people in Mong Kok? -? Unknown legend
2. Suitable for people in Tsim Sha Tsui? -? crown prince
3. Is Kwai Tsing District suitable for people? -? Han Bin
4. Suitable for people in Sham Shui Po? -? Ma Liang
5. The "right person" in Causeway Bay? -? Sunny B→ Chen Haonan
6. Is it suitable for people in North Point? -? Fat Li → Greyhound
7. Is it suitable for people in Tuen Mun? -? Dinosaur → pheasant
8. The "right person" in Xihuan District? -? Unscrupulous → Yao Chen
9. A "syncope" in Kowloon City? -? Fine eyes → Yi Jian → Yi Long
10, "suitable" for people in Aberdeen? -? Baki → Fei Da
1 1, a "suitable person" in Kwun Tong District? -? Daewoo → Daejeon II
12, "suitable" for people in Chai Wan District? -? Ma Wang Jian → Pheasant
No matter who the prototype is, it is a blink of an eye, and the rivers and lakes of the past are gone. For decades, the world has changed its face.
During SARS, the business of nightclubs in Hong Kong plummeted. After SARS, the most prosperous facade in Jiandong has changed from a nightclub to a gold shop full of tourists and a drugstore selling milk powder.
In 2004, Langham Place Shopping Center on Portland Street was completed, and the red light district became a legend. Security companies have been introduced into large shopping malls, and society has nowhere to collect protection fees. Even parking services have been replaced by electronic money settlement.
The former gang boss complained: now young and dangerous people make their own money and spend their own money, and no one can maintain the club. In the past, when we came out to negotiate, we also respected each other's prefix and seniority, drank wine and read poems. Who cares about these now?
The special gangs born in a special period have disappeared with the era of attaching importance to feelings and righteousness.
Liu Weiqiang said that he couldn't make enough "Young and Dangerous", but he couldn't make it: the mentality was completely different, and the fire was already weak. The film "Young and Dangerous" used a very warm fire, even the lighter had momentum.
20 17, Dapeng filmed Pancake Man. Finally, young and dangerous people came, wearing fur coats and playing with lighters. There was an exclamation in the cinema, like meeting a long-lost dream.