Date of birth: 1909-2006

Celebrity title: famous scholar and essayist.

Celebrity country: China

Related introduction:

Mr. Zhang Zhongxing was born in a peasant family in Xianghe County, Hebei Province on 1909. 1935 graduated from the language and literature department of China, Peking University, and later taught in middle schools and universities. 1949 has been working in people's education publishing house, engaged in the editing of middle school Chinese textbooks. He was diligent in writing all his life and wrote a lot. He has participated in the compilation of Chinese teaching materials and the selection of ancient Chinese. He is also the author of Negative Xuan Suo Hua, Negative Xuan Xu Hua, Negative Hua, Yue Hua, Chan Wai Chan, Shun Sheng Lun and Broken Shadow ... Zhang Zhongxing studies Chinese studies. Qi Gong, a friend who has been friends with Zhang Lao for more than half a century, commented on Zhang Zhongxing: "It is not arrogant to say that the phenomenon is not limited to one point." People who know him well say that he is honest and frank, kind-hearted and an elder. But Zhang Zhongxing was poor all his life, and was not assigned to an ordinary three-bedroom apartment until he was 85 years old. The decoration in the room is extremely simple, except for two bookcases and a few books. But the old man never complained about this, and even nicknamed his residence "Urban Chai Men", willing to be his cloth scholar in Chai Men. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]

Author: Zhang Zhe from: Confessions [www.365zn.com, click to enter]

Supplementary information: On February 23rd, 2006, at about 2 am, Zhang Zhongxing, a master of Chinese studies, who was also known as "the third son by the lake" with Ji Xianlin and Jin Kemu, died peacefully in the 305 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army in Beijing at the age of 98.

Brief introduction of Mr. Zhang Zhongxing

I am lazy and don't like reading. Shame often happens. The year before last, I went to visit relatives in the United States via Hong Kong, and then made a detour back to Beijing. Along the way, I was surprised to find that anyone who can read Chinese characters, regardless of skin color, hair quality and facial features, has never read Zhang Zhongxing. Finally, it reveals the noble temperament and cultural tradition of China literati for thousands of years, as well as the democracy, science, freedom and tolerance of Peking University, the highest institution of higher learning. These words came from a black student studying East Asian culture at Harvard Square in Boston. I can't help feeling ashamed. Because I, a student of Peking University, have never read the great works of his old man's house, I always thought that Zhang Zhongxing must be an "old man" with Cai Yuanpei, Hu Shi and Liu Bannong, and his body must be "a pile of grass gone", and his thoughts would be out of tune with the reform era.

I went into the library and found middle-aged and old books. I don't know how knowledgeable he is before reading it, and I don't know how knowledgeable he is after reading it. There is quite a kindness of "the wind moves the bamboo to think of the old friend". So the starry night drove into an ordinary stuffy tower in the northern suburbs of Beijing, shaking hands and making peace, eager to "peel and peck."

Zhang Zhongxing, a native of Xianghe, Hebei Province, was born in an ordinary peasant family in 1900. He has only clothes to wear and enough food to eat. He has neither toys nor books to read. The name "Zhang Zhongheng" was named by Liu Xiucai, a primary school teacher. It was not until he graduated from Peking University and had the freedom to give up his scientific name that he changed his mind and stood on the side of Zhong. The fish's "Heng" was renamed as.

Zhong Zhang is old and thin, tall, smart and tall. At the age of 90, he walked lightly and even jogged, like a big cat in a cage. Life is very simple, an ordinary apartment with white-gray walls and concrete floors, without any fashionable decoration. There is nothing in the room except a table, a bed and a cupboard. There are Four Treasures of the Study and pieces of manuscript paper on the table, which reminds me of the old horse.

In winter, Zhang Zhonglao seems to be dressed very thinly. When people ask him if he is cold, he always lifts his coat and skirt with one hand and pulls out his small coat with the other: "I'm still wearing a cotton-padded jacket!" " "Dark cotton-padded jacket is very tight, obviously from the lady's hand, warm and reliable. During the centenary celebration of Peking University, I drove Zhang Zhonglao home. It was raining on the road and the ground was quite cold. I am weak and most afraid of catching a cold, so I am very concerned about whether Zhong Zhang is cold or not. Squinting at the rainstorm outside the window, Zhong Zhang's old mouth occupied a five-character poem, but my qualifications were dull and my knowledge of ancient Chinese was particularly poor, so I only understood the sentence "Add clothes and ask my wife". Seeing my confusion, Zhang Zhonglao explained: "I don't know if I am hungry when I eat. My wife doesn't give me enough food, she must be full. I don't know whether the clothes are warm or cold, and my wife won't let me add clothes. It must be warm. "The calm attitude and gentle tone are far more wonderful than the speeches of revolutionary heroes I know. The bus arrived at the downstairs of Zhang Zhong's hometown, and he was not in a hurry to get off. He turned to me and asked, "Donald, according to the statistics of the United Nations. The average age of women is five years older than that of men. Do you know why? "In the face of the bright eyes of the master of Chinese studies, I am embarrassed to say that I don't know. To let a man die in his woman's arms.

Mrs. Zhang, Li Zhiluan, is the only daughter of a noble family. She is handsome and gentle, one and a half months older than Zhang Zhong. Both belong to monkeys. Zhang Zhonglao called his wife his sister, and they were together for half a century. Fifty years ago, Yang Mo, who lived in Peking University with Zhang Zhonglao for four years, suddenly had a family revolution. Under the pretext of "ingratitude and backwardness", he moved from the valley to the gazebo and devoted himself vigorously to it. Zhang Zhonglao, who has always followed the old way of his alma mater, is reasonable and never speaks against his will, is determined to return to Li Furen. Time flies, and now his descendants are in droves. Want to be 1, the youngest grandson, just admitted to the chemistry department of Peking University. Zhang Zhonglao proudly said that this is the eighth Peking University among his descendants.

The complex of Peking University runs through Zhang Zhonglao's life: Peking University is the oldest in the whole school, with the latest academic atmosphere, the most democratic management and the freest life. Believe in the value of science the most. Zhang Zhonglao was born with a pair of narrow eyes, just like a small window in the mysterious hall where Jin Nabao was hidden, for fear that the Zen machine would be leaked. But every time I talk about Peking University, it will shine brilliantly. Lu Xun brothers, Cai Yuanpei, Hu Shi, Liu Bannong, Qian, Jiang Menglin, Gu Jiegang, Qian Mu ..., in Zhong Zhang's old pen, went in and out of Peking University. Even a junior like me, influenced by the spirit of Peking University, has a free and easy appearance and is used to talking nonsense everywhere, which is also very popular at home. "Freedom and tolerance are the spirit of the Red Chamber. If you have doubts in your heart, you say it is freedom, but the listener doesn't think it is tolerance. At Peking University, this is a common occurrence. "

Zhang Zhonglao, a Chinese jacket, looks like a local tyrant, but inside he has many scientific views on society, life and things related to life from abroad. These scientific views are different from the local Yin-Yang Taiji divination, mysterious and divorced from the facts; It is a knowledge system that examines cause and effect in detail, follows logic and is based on facts. For example, whether the moon in foreign countries is round or not, whether it is bright or not, all need scientific research, and it is not the so-called science that anyone can decide in one sentence.

When it comes to the advantages and disadvantages of a nation, Zhang Zhonglao also has scientific standards: tie a person up for everyone to fight, and you don't have to be responsible for beating for nothing, and see how many people will jump out to harm their own kind. During the Cultural Revolution, it was very difficult to get into the exam. Only like Jiang Yang, "it is better to be beaten than not to be beaten; I would rather be scolded than swear. " Yes, only excellent.

Talking about Yang Mo's vilification of "Yu Yongze" in Song of Youth, and his repeated attacks since then, Zhang Zhonglao said frankly: "I thought I had many shortcomings all my life and should be cursed. But novels are not history. If I write a novel, I will never do this. " During the Cultural Revolution, Yang Mo was punished, and the Federation of Literary and Art Circles asked Zhang Zhonglao to expose Yang Mo. Zhang Zhonglao only said that Yang Mo and honest and frank are enthusiastic, have the ideal of saving the world and people, and have the courage to realize it. Although Zhang Zhonglao thinks that a woman's heart is the most difficult to measure in his life, he dare not be ignorant. But for the past, "especially those who have shared weal and woe, we should remember more kindness and less hatred." This is a master of Chinese studies trained by Zhang Zhongxing and Peking University.