1 1 century

Scientists realize that sending a beam of light through a small hole can make an external image appear inside.

16th century

Leonardo da Vinci (Italy) outlined the concept of "black box". The "black box" appeared in Italy before the European Renaissance. It is a black box similar to a camera, and the light it emits can form a reflection on the opposite wall.

1mid-6th century-17th century

1, Chambatista de la Baltar (Italy) showed a set of short landscape pictures through the "black box".

2. Atan Hughes Kercher (German) invented his magic lamp. This is a way to show pictures through candles and lenses.

1824

Peter Mark Rogge (UK) submitted a report entitled "Principles of Visual Photography of Moving Objects" to the Royal Society of London.

1826

Dr. John Elton Paris invented the "Phantom Turntable", that is, drawing a birdcage and a bird on a disk, and when it rotates, it produces the feeling that the bird is in a cage.

65438+1930s

1, Joseph Nipps and louis Daguerre (both French) invented a photographic plate-making process, so that the photographed images can be stored on a metal plate.

2. William Henry Fox Talbot (UK) made a positive film on cardboard.

1832

1, Joseph Platou (Belgium) created a "magic disc". This is a disk with a series of action decomposition diagrams on it, and there are many holes on the edge of the disk. The operator faces the mirror, aims his eyes at any tooth hole, and turns the disc to see the moving image in the mirror.

2. Simon Ritter von Stapf (Germany) invented the "cylinder animation mirror", which is a kind of toy similar to the "stunt board".

1834

William George Horner (England) invented the "moving cartoon drum". It sticks a piece of paper with a series of decomposition actions in a cylindrical inner ring, and makes people see continuous moving images through the rotation of the cylinder.

1839

Daguerre showed a photo of a silver plate in Paris.

1849

The Langenheim brothers successfully conducted a glass plate photography experiment in Philadelphia.

1877

Thomas Alva Edison (USA) invented the phonograph recorder. Eadweard Mubridge (UK) successfully photographed the decomposition of a galloping horse with a set of lenses.

1882

Etienne Jules Marley (France) invented the "photographic gun".

1884

George eastman (USA) puts Kodak film on the market.

1888

Hysmans applied for a patent for its film emulsion used on Celuyao film substrate.

1889

Edison's laboratory invented the movie camera.

189 1 year

Edison invented a movable film projector, which can only project images through a small hole.

1893

The world's first film studio, Edison's "Black Mary" studio was built in New Orleans, New Jersey.

The beginning of the movie (1895- 19 13)

1895

1 year, August and Louis Lumière (French) invented the portable film projector.

2. The Lumiere brothers filmed their first film, Workers Leave the Factory Gate in Lumiere.

3. Woodville latham (USA) invented the movie control device on the movie projector, which solved the phenomenon of picture jumping when the movie was running.

4.65438+On February 28th, Lumiere brothers showed a film in Paris.

1896

1 Robert William and Paul (UK) obtained a patent for the movie projector (Biosoope) in the UK.

Georges Méliès (French), the "father of narrative films", began to make "illusion" (special effects) films. In his later film career, he constantly explored this imaginary kingdom.

On April 23rd, Edison's (American) projector (Vitascope) was shown for the first time in new york Koster and bial Concert Hall.

1900- 1905

Brighton School was founded in England. It is composed of a group of photographers, and their experiments show that the interaction between shots can convey uncertain information.

1900- 19 10 year

Hundreds of short stories adapted from famous stage plays have appeared.

1902

1, May Li Ai's Journey to the Moon (French) was published. This film made him famous internationally.

2. Edwin S. Porter's Romance of the Postman (USA) shows that people pay more and more attention to the basic elements of film narrative.

3. Charles Pathé (France) established its own studio-EMI Film Company.

1903

1, The Life of American Firefighters by Porter (USA) shows the possibility of creating dramatic and symbolic meanings through film editing.

2. Porter's great train robbery (USA) shows the effect of parallel editing and the charm of the West.

1905

1, Nickel Cinema opens in Pittsburgh. This is the first fully equipped cinema in America.

2. The first trade publication, Watch and Movie Catalogue, was published in the United States. At this point, the standard film length is a book.

3. Cecil Hepworth's Saved by a Tramp (UK) uses continuous screen movements to keep the story continuous.

China made his first film Dingjun Mountain. The film was shot by Fengtai Photo Studio in Beijing and recorded several performances of Dingjun Mountain, a Beijing opera.

1906

In the United States, it has grown to nearly 1000 nickel cinemas.

1907

1, "Art Film Company" was established in France. The company aims to make films with cultural value.

2. Chicago established the first city film censorship committee.

1908

1, Emile Cohl shot his first cartoon in France, and at the same time, George W. Stuart Blackton started his animation career in the United States.

2. EMI Film Company (France) has developed into the largest film empire in the world, and the number of films exported to the United States every year is twice that produced in the United States.

1909

1, 35mm film has become an international film standard.

2. The American film industry has set up the National Film Censorship Committee to counter the attempts of state and municipal authorities to interfere with films.

3. David Griffith, the "father of cinematography", filmed Reserve Wheat (USA). This film represents the early efforts to make a "dialectical film".

4. Windsor MacKay filmed Gertie the Dinosaur, which is the first important cartoon in America.

There are ten thousand nickel cinemas in America.

6. With the first actress Florence Lawrence (Biography Girl) using her real name as a symbol on the screen, the star system began to appear in the United States.

19 1 1 year

1, Santo Film Company established its first studio in Hollywood.

2. Pennsylvania established the first state jury to check the moral quality of movies.

3. The first fan magazine, Movie Story, was founded in America.

Griffith's film War (America) was released. This documentary feature film shows the director's increasingly mature grasp of the film as a medium.

19 12 years

1, Karl larmor founded Universal Film Company (USA).

2. Adolf Zuk established a famous actor production company (USA).

3. Shrek Guazzoni's Where Are You Going? "(Italy). This elaborate large-scale film has achieved great success, laying an important position for Italian films in epic films.

4. Louis Mercan shot and killed Queen Elizabeth (France). Sarah Beenaert starred in this 50-minute film based on stage play.

19 13 years

1, Stran Rai filmed students from Blago (Germany). This expressionist fantasy film has become the embryonic form of a mysterious horror film.

2. China produced the first short story film, It's Hard for a Husband to Find a Wife, directed by Zhang Shichuan and Zhengqiu Zheng. The film describes a series of red tape and red tape experienced by a young man and a young woman in the feudal arranged marriage.

One of the growing periods (19 14- 1920)

19 14

1, feature films began to become standard products in the film industry.

2. The first large-scale cinema "Riverside Cinema" opened in new york, USA.

3. W W Hawkinson founded Paramount Film Company (USA).

4. Charlie Chaplin starred in the movie of Keystone. He made 35 comedies a year and created the image of a "little tramp".

The famous series The Adventures of Pauline (in French) came out. Doyle White plays the leading role in this film.

6. Giovanni and Pa stoner filmed kabylie (Italian). This blockbuster, Chinese and American costumes, has aroused applause all over the world.

7. Frank Powell's There is a Fool (America) came out. Cedar Bala played the role of "slut" for the first time, and the word "witch" began to enter people's language.

8. Mack Snennett filmed the first full-length comedy The Revealed Romance of Thillier (USA).

19 15

1. In the lawsuit between Mutual Film Company and Ohio, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the film media did not enjoy the provisions of the First Amendment on the protection of freedom of speech.

2. The National Film Review Board of the United States was renamed the National Film Review Board.

3. William Fox founded Fox Film Company (USA).

Thomas Inge initiated the "studio system" in America.

5. Teacher B. Demir filmed Deception (USA). This is an exquisite film about crime, sex and sacrifice, which shows the psychological undercurrent with high-profile photography.

6. Griffith filmed The Birth of a Country (USA). This memorable and controversial film lasted nearly three hours, and it used many methods that were not used in previous films.

19 16 years

1, Samuel Goldfez and Edgar Cserven jointly established godwin Film Company (USA).

2. Griffith filmed "The Party Opposes Differences" (USA). This film, which lasts for more than three hours, interweaves the clues of four stories and appeals for world peace and friendship through complex narration.

3. Victor yost Lom filmed The Kiss of Death (Sweden). He uses modern methods in drama materials and tells stories through a series of flashbacks.

19 17

1. With the support of the government, Ufa Studio was established in Germany.

Chaplin's Comfort Street and Immigrant (both in America) came out. In these two films, the little tramp developed from the initial comic image into a tragicomedy and social critical role.

19 18

1, The Heart of the World by Griffith (UK). In the performance of several protagonists who experienced World War I, the film treated Germany with a negative attitude and achieved successful publicity. Carmen by Ernest Liu Bieqian (Germany). This film, produced by "European Luxury movie master", has attracted the attention of the international film circle with exotic gorgeous costumes and suggestive relationships.

2. MacKay's first American animated feature film "The Sinking of Lusitania" came out.

3. The Shanghai Commercial Press established the Movies Department (later renamed the Movies Department), and China began to establish its own national film industry.

19 19

1, nationalization of Soviet film industry.

2. The American company founded by Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin, douglas fairbanks and David Griffith was established.

3. The whole set of film supply methods is gradually popularized.

4. Abel Gance shot a three-hour blockbuster War and Peace in Griffith in Europe. In his films, he combined stunts, metaphorical images and documentary clips to express the anti-war theme.

5. Griffith's "Destroyed Flowers" (USA) successfully used the studio environment to create a moving atmosphere.

Moritz Stiehler photographed Mr Arne's treasure (Sweden). This epic film truly reproduces the historical features of Sweden in the16th century.

7. Erich von Stroheim Jr. filmed Stupid Husband (USA). This film subtly and frankly shows the love triangle between the rich, and also marks the beginning of his directing career.

8. Dr. Carrigari by Robert Wiener was published (Germany). This horrible fantasy film explores expressionism with the story of a crazy doctor.

1920

1, Joe Bromt, Henry and Jake Cohen jointly established CBC Film Sales Company (the predecessor of Columbia University) (USA).

2. Lev Kulasov (Soviet Union) set up his own studio in Moscow and began to explore editing technology.

3. Karl Bao Si and Paul Wigner filmed the clay fighter company (German). The film depicts a clay figurine who is injected into life, in opposition to his creator. This is an important expressionist film.

4. Mr. Dimir filmed "Why did you change your wife?" (America), an exquisite film about gender conflict.

Second growth period (192 1- 1925)

192 1 year

1, Chaplin's "Finding Children and Meeting Immortals" (America) came out. This is his first feature film. This film became his most successful film in business.

2. Rex Ingram filmed The Four Horsemen of Revelation (USA). In this fable against war, rudolph valentino created a new romantic idol, which won him a high reputation at that time.

3. Lester Rahim filmed "Stupid Thief" (USA). The film depicts the details in a realistic style and shows the story of an American woman involved in the corruption of the upper class in Europe.

4. China has published the first batch of feature films, such as Yan, Pink Skeleton and Pledge.

1922

1. Two-thirds of the states in the United States have made or are making relevant laws and regulations to regulate movies.

2. The American film industry established the Organization of American Film Producers and Publishers, and hired Will H Hays as its chairman to improve the image of Hollywood.

3. Robert Flaherty's Nanook in the North (America) came out. This influential non-fiction film records the life of an Eskimo family.

4. Dr. Mabuse the Gambler was shot by Fritz Lang. This film depicts German society after the First World War.

5. Ricky Monau of Flier filmed Nosferatu (German). The film was shot in a real scene. This film, which is adapted from braam stock's Drakula, is not faithful to the original, but it brings the vampire image to the movie audience for the first time.

6. China's first large-scale film company "Star Film Company" was established in Shanghai. It marks the beginning of the development stage of China national films.

7. Ji Gavel-tov filmed the documentary Pravda (Soviet Union). Through editing, the film combines the newly shot pictures with the film material and is divided into 23 titles, depicting the real life of the Soviet people.

1923

1, Warner Bros. (USA) is officially registered.

Chaplin finished a woman in Paris (America). Through a young woman's choice between a luxurious life supported by others and true love, the film shows her excellent handling skills on the theme of love.

3. rene claire filmed Crazy Thunder (French). This short film makes full use of the possibility of film special effects.

4. James Cruze's caravan (USA) came out. This epic film describing the life of pioneers in the western border of the United States attracted many imitators. 5. Shi Si Demir filmed The Ten Commandments (USA). This historical blockbuster showing off visual skills and stunts has won the director a reputation as a "first-class figure" in Hollywood.

6. Fritz Lang filmed Nibelungen (Germany). This two-part luxury film emphasizes the fatalism of this German legend.

1924

1 and three film companies, Mitt-godwin-Meyer, jointly established MGM Film Company (USA).

2.CBC Film Marketing Company became Columbia Film Company (USA).

3. rene claire filmed Intermittent Rest (French). The film satirizes reality with stunts and absurd actions.

4. john ford filmed The Fighter (USA). The film is unique in the western epic with its exciting action field and nostalgic environment. 5. Fernand Leger's Mechanical Ballet (French) came out. This avant-garde short film juxtaposes mechanically moving objects with fragments of real life. 6. Paul Leni photographed the Wax Museum (German). This expressionist fantasy film links the stories of three evil characters in history with a poet's nightmare.

7. Richie Monnau of Flieder filmed The meanest Man (in German). This is a creative and influential film. It uses imaginary pictures to express the subjective psychology of characters.

8. Greed filmed by Steheim (USA). This film brings a new realism to the American screen through a straightforward description of the material world.

1925

1, Chaplin's The Gold Miner (USA) came out. When the little tramp in the film finally found love, happiness and wealth and lost his personality, the tragicomedy world created by the director was realized.

2. E.A. Dupont filmed "Vaudeville" (Germany). The film tells a story of jealousy and murder. It dramatizes the protagonist's painful inner world with excellent lens movement.

3. Sergei Eisenstein filmed the battleship potemkin (Soviet Union). The theory of "conflict montage" created by the director has been applied in this film 1905 Russian revolution. This film has had an important influence on filmmakers all over the world.

4. Robert Julian filmed Phantom in the Opera House (USA). Lon Chaney ascended the star throne through this 10 year's most successful horror film. 5.george. William pabst filmed Streets Without Joy (in German). This most unromantic "street movie" shows the material shortage and social despair in the post-war economic chaos environment.

6. king vidor filmed The Parade (USA). This internationally successful film depicts the maturity of a young man who experienced the First World War.

One of the audio times (1926- 1929)

1926

1. John Grierson coined the word "documentary" when commenting on Flaherty's Ocean Romance-Romance in the Golden Age (USA).

2. Don Sulu (USA) filmed by Alan Crosland. The film took the lead in using vitawind sound system to prepare background music for the film.

3. buster keaton filmed The General (USA). This "great cold-faced man" perfectly combines gag with the satire on society in the film.

4. Albert Parker filmed Black Pirates (USA). This film is the first feature film that all uses two-color printing and dyeing technology.

5.Vsevolod pudovkin's mother (Soviet Union) came out. The film combines personal destiny with mass movements, highlighting the development of characters under the political background.

1927

1. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, USA, launched the Oscar Award for the first time.

2. The "talking movie" dubbed by the film first appeared in the preface of the feature film.

3. The King of Jazz in Alan Crosland (America) came out. The first feature film with music and some dialogue scenes meets the audience. It prompted the whole film industry to attack the talking film.

4. Abel Gance filmed Napoleon (French). This epic film, which lasted more than four hours, was highly praised for its excellent skills-including using three connected screens to show four scenes at the same time.

5. Fritz Lang filmed Metropolis (Germany). This expressionist film, which is full of vitality in the description of architecture, examines the future scientific and technological society. There, the conflicting goals of science, industry and workers led to the brink of destruction.

6. Mona shoots the sunrise (Germany). The director gave this love triangle a lyrical expression with a moving lens.

7. pudovkin filmed The End of St Petersburg (Soviet Union). The film shows the protagonist's growing process in history and his experience of participating in the revolution.

8. walter ruttmann filmed Berlin-Symphony of Big Cities (in German). It captures the "essence" of Berlin by editing the shape and movement of objects.

9. Josef Von Sternberg filmed Underground World (USA). Marks the beginning of the robber film.

10, William willman filmed Wings (USA). This film, which describes the spectacular air combat scene of World War I, won the first Oscar for Best Picture, adding luster to it.

1928

1, Lei Company was established (USA).

2. salvador dali and Luis Bounuel filmed a dog named Andalu. This is the most famous film in the French surrealist movement.

Walter Disney filmed Steamboat Willie (USA). This is the first animated film with synchronized sound.

4. Carl Dreyer finished The Passion of Joan of Arc (French). The film was mainly shot with close-ups. It caused a heated debate on the juxtaposition and collage of fragmented images.

5. Brian Fuwa filmed The Light of New York (USA). This is the first full dialogue feature film.

6. pudovkin filmed The Asian Storm (Soviet Union). This film describes a Mongolian herder's struggle against imperialist rule in the revolutionary storm.

7. yost Lome filmed The Wind (USA). The film depicts a pioneering woman struggling to survive in a new environment and almost being dragged into madness by the strong wind.

1929

1, the speed standard of film screening is defined as 24 frames per second.

With the completion of the transition to sound movies, the United States has produced more than 300 sound movies.

3. Under the leadership of Gleason, British filmmakers started a documentary movement closely related to society in 10. The movement won an international reputation and inspired directors all over the world.

4. harry beaumont filmed Broadway Song and Dance (USA). This "100% full song, full dance and full dialogue" film won the Oscar for best film, which set off a wave of musical films in Hollywood.

5. Arsenal (Soviet Union) filmed by Alexander Du Fu PeopleSoft. The film poetically eulogizes the indestructible revolutionary spirit of the Ukrainian people.

6. Alfred Hitchcock filmed Blackmail (UK). The first British film with sound shows a keen understanding of the relationship between sound and painting in the suspense of creating a screen.

7. Joseph Santley and Robert. Flory shoots coconuts (USA). This is the first film of Max Brothers, which adds a new absurdity to the screen comedy.

8. Wiltoff photographed the man (Soviet Union) with his camera. This is a vivid film about Russian city life, which shows a philosophical theme with dynamic shots and clips.

9. king vidor filmed Hallelujah! "(the United States). The first talking film performed entirely by black people.