Saudi Arabian National Oil Company 1933, the Saudi government signed a concession agreement with the predecessor of Chevron, California Standard Oil Company, and began oil exploration in most parts of the kingdom. In the same year, Standard Oil Company of California was established. 1938, Dammam Oilfield, the first commercial oilfield, was discovered in Dalan. 1936, Chevron transferred half of its equity in Arabia to Texaco Oil Company. 1940 Bougueq oilfield was discovered, which is the fourth largest oilfield in Saudi Arabia. 1944, California Arabian Standard Oil Company was renamed Arabian American Oil Company, or Aramco for short. Headquartered in San Francisco, USA. 1948, Exxon and Han Mei joined the company and became a joint venture of four companies, in which the shares of Chevron and Texaco were reduced from 50% to 30% respectively, Exxon held 30% and Mobil held 10%.

1In the mid-1940s, Aramco established an oil refinery in Rastanura.

1948 discovered the largest onshore oil field in the world so far, and195/kloc-0 was put into production every year. In the same year, Savannah Field was discovered.

1960, Aramco's crude oil output reached 60 million tons/year, an increase of 57.7% compared with 1950. During this period, the headquarters of Aramco has been moved to Doha, the capital of Saudi Arabia, and the Saudi government has also sent two representatives to the board of directors of Aramco, but Aramco is still in the hands of four American oil companies, and the output and price of crude oil that have a decisive impact on the financial revenue of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are still in their hands. In order to compete for the control of oil, the Saudi government has waged a resolute struggle with American companies. 1960, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) including Saudi Arabia was established; 1962,165438+1October 30th, the Saudi government established a completely state-owned oil and mining company, with the purpose of enabling the government to participate in the operation of the oil industry, including all the business activities of Aramco in the concession. Although the oil exploration company itself does not produce crude oil, as of 1970, it has established many joint ventures with many companies, and independently operated an oil refinery in Jeddah and a fertilizer plant in Dammam. Throughout the 1960s, the development history of Saudi oil and mining companies was the history of the Saudi government's struggle for oil control from four American joint ventures of Aramco.

During the oil crisis in the 1970s, the oil output of Aramco reached 300 million tons/year, and the oil price was successfully raised, thus enhancing the position of the Saudi government and putting it in a more favorable position in the struggle with American companies. At the same time, the company began to build a general natural gas system. 1972, may finally agreed to the Saudi government's request for equity participation. 1973 The Saudi government took a 25% stake in Aramco, which rose to 60% in 1974 and reached 100% in 1980. After the Saudi government bought all the shares of Aramco, Aramco was still operated by four American companies in accordance with the original franchise agreement, and the American company was also responsible for selling crude oil that the Saudi government could not sell itself.

From 1973 to 1974, the oil price of the first oil crisis soared, which increased the Saudi government's income and further increased oil production. By 1980, Saudi crude oil production soared from1900,000 tons/year before 10 to 495 million tons/year. The exploration and petroleum engineering center was established in 1983.

At the end of 1970s, due to the outbreak of the second oil crisis, alternative energy sources such as natural gas were developed, and the demand for crude oil decreased due to the restriction of oil consumption by OECD member countries. So from 65438 to 0980, Saudi Arabia took a lot of measures to reduce crude oil production in order to maintain oil prices. By 1985, the Saudi government began to quickly recover the market share of Saudi crude oil, and the output rose rapidly, resulting in a 62-66% drop in oil prices from 1986. The implementation of the above-mentioned policy of limiting production and protecting price and the sharp drop of oil price in 1986 caused the income of Aramco to drop rapidly and had to lay off a large number of employees.

1in March, 987, in order to keep the crude oil market share occupied by Saudi Arabia during the oil surplus period in the 1960s, relying on the relationship with the original shareholder company of Aramco, Saudi Arabia signed long-term oil supply contracts of 62.5 million tons/year with four American companies, but it was not long before Saudi Arabia terminated the contracts.

1988 according to the royal decree, Saudi Aramco was formally established and took over all the assets and management rights of the former Aramco, becoming the only company engaged in oil exploration and development in Saudi Arabia. In the same year, the company and Texaco Oil Company established Star Enterprise Company, the sixth largest oil sales company in the United States.

199 1 year, Saudi Arabian Oil Company acquired a 35% stake in South Korea's Ssangyong Oil Refining Company.

1In July, 1993, the Saudi government issued the M/l Royal Decree, which unified all the distribution and marketing business of the kingdom's state-owned refinery products and half of the government's shares in three joint-venture refineries to the Saudi Arabian Oil Company for management. At this time, Saudi Aramco controlled all the hydrocarbon industries in the whole kingdom except lubricating oil. By July197, the Saudi government decided to transfer 7 1% shares of Petrolube Company and 70% shares of Lubere Company to Aramco, making the company formally set foot in the national lubricant industry.

From 65438 to 0994, the company completed the five-year plan to restore the maximum sustainable crude oil production capacity to 500 million tons/year.

2012110 Saudi Aramco set up a subsidiary in Beijing. It is understood that Aramco Asia will carry out a number of businesses including crude oil and chemical marketing, coordination between joint ventures, procurement, inspection, research and development, and project management. Saudi Arabian National Oil Company is a global comprehensive energy company, which is in the leading position in crude oil exploitation and production, crude oil refining, distribution, international transportation, marketing and chemical product production. The company manages the world's largest recoverable crude oil reserves, about 259,654.38 billion barrels. 20 1 1 year, the company exported 2.42 billion barrels of crude oil to customers around the world.