It is not difficult to see that Pang's life happened to be in the period of great social change and turning point in Ming Dynasty. When he was born, the smoke of the Ming Dynasty's "big gift" was thick, and in the three years before his birth, that is, 152 1 year, Xiao Wei, an assistant in science, vigorously promoted a series of local education reforms in his hometown of Guangdong, such as "destroying prostitutes' temples and promoting social studies". As soon as he entered the official career, the imperial court faced internal and external troubles. On the one hand, the government's fiscal revenue and expenditure are extremely chaotic, on the other hand, the southern Japan and the northern Lu led to the collapse of the local area and the people's livelihood. A whipping reform aimed at adjusting the country's financial order and increasing the government's fiscal revenue prevailed during his tenure. At the same time, with the political changes of the country and the development of local economy, various types of family organizations have sprung up everywhere, and genealogy and family training are quite popular. One year after his death, that is, the tenth year of Wanli (1582), the Great Reform of "Jia (Jing) Long (Qing) Wan (Li)" in Ming Dynasty was declared dead immediately, and the Ming Dynasty, which had been established for more than 200 years, went from bad to worse. This is a complex and changeable era. Therefore, the in-depth study of Pang, a historical figure, will help us to deepen our knowledge and understanding of the traditional social changes in China in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.
At present, there is not much research on Pang. And generally speaking, it is mostly related research, not monographs. Needless to say, the origin and family background of historical figures are intrinsically related to their later official careers and fame. However, as far as academic circles are concerned, there is no special study on Pang's origin and family background. Therefore, the author intends to make textual research on Pang's birth and death year and family background according to relevant documents, in order to help Pang's research.
Pang was born on the 17th day of the first month in the third year of Jiajing (1524). According to the "Story of Returning to the West" written by him when he was in Qin Long for four years (1570), "Qin Long traveled west to Ganzhou for three years (1569) and returned to the east on the 11th of the first month of the following year. ..... When you arrived in Liangzhou on the 17th, you knew that you were going to have a birthday party and buy a wine party ".He was born on the 17th of the first month. In the Grand Yue Ji, the Youguo called Shang Peng "Xin Si in the 9th year of Wanli (the 9th year of Wanli) and died at the age of 58", which means that Shang Pengdang was born in the 3rd year of Jiajing (1524). There is also a consistent record in the "behavior" written by his children. The Index of the Inscription of Jinshi in Ming and Qing Dynasties briefly recorded his native place and place of origin: "Pang Shangpeng was from Nanhai, Guangdong."
Pang's family, according to his own statement, has no test for his distant ancestors, and his family "has been sealed in Pang by his son since the Zhou Dynasty, and then took the country as his surname. Naturally, there are excellent people to represent others; The world is far from being a symbol, and we dare not attach ourselves to it. Its ancestor Pang Yan moved to the South China Sea from Zhuji, Nanxiong, during the reign of Song Xiangxing, and his pedigree was outside Nanxiong. Guo's "Pang Zhi's Behavior" said that Pang "a shy person in the Song Dynasty moved from Zhuji, Xiongzhou, and raised his father for his ancestors. "Qin Long five years (157 1), pang wrote the Ponzi family tree, which was later lost. In other existing Ponzi genealogies, there is no record of Ponzi genealogy. So far, it is impossible to verify the origin of Pang's ancestors. According to the existing records, starting from his great-grandfather, Pang personally wrote an epitaph for his brother Shanggu, Guo Wei's "A Trip to Pang" and Daoguang's "Nanhai County Records" all recorded this situation. " "Said" the emperor's father ying, the emperor's father finished, no leisure, and recommended Jia Yi's doctor, the left viceroy of Douchayuan "; The epitaph said: "Great grandfather was afraid of England, but he was afraid of Liang and Zheng;" Grandfather was embarrassed and came down. "The epitaph was written in the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562). Fashion Peng was also the secretariat of Fujian Daoism, and it was not until the sixth year of Wanli (1578) that he became the secretariat of the capital. In the forty-first year of Jiajing (15 1), Pang, the father of Pang, was awarded the title of Wen and was given to Fujian as an official. Daoguang's "Nanhai County Records" records: "Pang Bi accompanied Sun Weili to the vice capital; Pang Xian conferred the imperial censor with his son Shang Peng, and gave him the right vice capital. "In the sixth year of Wanli (1578), in March, Shang Peng" accompanied the Minister of Water Resources of the Governor's Ministry of Industry, married in the ceremony of the emperor, and gave the leisure male and Hamami male as their officers, and the gift of grandmother Down's to Shu Tai "; Forty years after Jiajing (156 1), Pang Xian was named Wen Linlang by his son, which shows that there seems to be some mistakes in the records of Nanhai County Records by Daoguang.
To sum up, our great-grandfather and great-grandmother were Liang and Zheng respectively. Grandfather Pang Bi, No.6 Leisure Music, was named Doctor Jia Yi in March in the sixth year of Wanli (1578), the left deputy governor of Douchayuan, and grandmother Tang Shi, who was named Shu Tai in March in the sixth year of Wanli (1578).
Pang's father, Pang Xian, whose real name was Yan and Bin Mei, died in the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562). Shang Peng called his father "a little lonely". When he was a few years old, he worked as a peddler with his family. He was strong and a timber merchant. Although it was hot and cold, he didn't escape from work. If you are a pirate, you will build a warship, and you will be blamed for it. Compared with entering the erotic palace, I like to move my color and hang red. Looking for a carrier to operate, the family has gradually become tolerant. "It can be seen that in Pang's mind, the development and prosperity of Ponzi family experienced a difficult process from father to father. Of course, we can't ignore his good intention of emphasizing the difficulty of starting a business in order to educate future generations that success is not easy. Ganlong's Nanhai County Records (volume 17) and Feng's Pang Xian recorded Pang Xian's father and son as follows:
Give filial piety and diligence, and study since childhood. I lost my father because my family was poor, so I gave up my son's business and made a living by selling firewood, but my loyalty and wealth were generous and my relief was generous. For example, cover your mouth, save the boat, burn yourself, and pray for the villagers to chase locusts in the rain. People are also transformed into their virtues, and the competing people reach the quality of the constitution, and the rural rules and regulations established by the constitution are observed. Son Shang Peng is the most respected official in the imperial examination. Just like vegetables and clothes, don't change the old ones. When Lou invited Xiang Bin for a drink, he refused to go. However, I encourage my son to be honest and tolerant, and leave my children with redundant blessings. Therefore, Shang Pengxun is looking forward to it, but he can also dare to speak out as an official and is deeply impressed by the court. In the later period of elegance, family members are forbidden and foreign affairs are not planned. One person builds a room. Before planting plums, we met each other morning and night, and called Zongdang to enjoy drinking, that is, everyone who met in the market was drunk, and I didn't know that he was a minister under the column. When sick, neighbors will ring the bell to pray. On the day of death, there were dozens of big birds, which were noisy like mourning. In the forty years of Jiajing (156 1), the second year (1568) and the sixth year of Wanli (1578), his father Pang Xian was canonized as Wen, Fujian Road Supervisor, Zhongxian Doctor, Duchayuan, Youdu Imperial and Jia successively.
Pang's mother surnamed Kuang, whose date of birth is unknown, died at home in June of the sixth year of Wanli (1578). His mother is from Funanbao, Nanhai. In a letter to his good friend Su Jinzhai, Shang Peng said that "Fu Nan Kuang's family, both brothers and mothers" can prove it. She was granted the titles of Tairu, Taigong and Shu Tai in Jiajing forty years (156 1), Qin Long two years (1568) and Wanli six years (1578) respectively.
His wife, Yang Naiyue, the daughter of Yang, died in the seventh year of Wanli (1579). Because of Shang Peng, he was also named a Confucian, a worshiper and a sage in Jiajing forty years (15 1), Qin Long two years (1568) and Wanli six years (1578). He has two sons and a daughter: the eldest son is a student of the government, married Zhou Lvxiang (also known as Zhou Yungu), a student of the Zhou family, and continued to marry Chen and Li; The second son, Duan Mu, married the daughter of Hodge, Minister of the Liangjiang Games; Female, Xu married Wu Zhongqian, a doctor in the official department (the word Cai Bing, a native of Nanhai, was a scholar in the second year of Wanli) and gave birth to Wu Jiheng; There are five grandchildren and four female grandchildren, making poles, machines, columns, frames and pictures. Among them, Sun Jianji "had an official from his ancestors."
Pang has three brothers, the first is the eldest brother, and the second is Shang Yang. "Shang Hong, the word less air duct ... just decided, the provincial economy. Learn to pay tribute to the capital from Guangning (under Zhaoqing Prefecture, Guangdong Province). Go to court and move the capital; After replying to the details recorded by Anbian, Flying Car, Flying Boat and Yin Jian, I learned the second half of the purpose. Teach Yancheng (Huai 'an Prefecture, South Zhili) the training, establish the rules of learning, and be a scholar, all of which should be corrected first. Search Yingshan County (subordinate to Luzhou Prefecture in South Zhili) Order. The city is the most tired and detailed first. At that time, this river was definitely a grave robbery disaster, and Shang Hong wrote Three Strategies for River Management, which he knew like the back of his hand. The river made the county stop helping the river affairs, and it gradually became effective. The value of the governor and the river, angered Shang Hong, exiled Xi' an (Quzhou Prefecture, Zhejiang Province) to teach, and transferred to Shanghai (Songjiang Prefecture, South Zhili). Fu Wusong River. When powerful forces blocked the road, Shang Hong refused to avoid resentment, and the river passed as before. He moved to Kunshan again, neglected the position of assistant minister, stayed at home without reporting, and returned with a crown. Repairing "Nanfan Yicheng", the city donated 60 stones to help Guangning learn; Li Yitian sacrificed to give birth, filial piety and filial piety, and died at the age of 80. In the thirty-seventh year of Wanli (1609), Pang also ruled Nanhai County Records. According to Shang Hong's record of Yin Jian, according to the textual research of people from various provinces in the Ming Dynasty, it is his criticism of Shang Peng's two books, Yin Jian and Wandering in the Frontier. " (Shang Peng) has different records about Yin Jian and the frontier tour, and the encounter between Zhong and Hong is a judgment and neglect of it. "Yongzheng's Guangdong Tongzhi (Volume 45) and Pang, a character, also hold this view." His Yin Jian and Travel Notes on the Border were commented by Zhong Hong, so they were ignored. "
Pang Shangyu (1537— 156 1 year), a few melancholy words. His wife Li is a member of the right family in Shangjiao. Born in the 40th year of Jiajing (156 1), Ziduan Shiro realized that he was "full in a few months" after the death of Shang Dynasty. Li celebrated the festival in the 19th year, "March of independence, seventy-nine years of death". Shang Peng has a close relationship with Shang Yang, which can be seen from the epitaph written for Shang Yang. Its cloud:
(Shang Yu) Life is heterogeneous, white and broad-minded, and childhood is wise and sensitive. ..... and to promote jinshi, thanks to jiangxi leping order, when the weak crown. Traveling from an official to a domestic scholar-bureaucrat is like a ceremony. Although it is silent outside, there is no doubt inside. In half a month, there will be a proofreading activity, and excellent papers will be commended. Waiting for it, make it pay several volumes of professional items in the outer court and return them to relatives. Honesty is a metaphor and taboo. It is natural for Dumen to study. There is no news outside the court, just because you are Loy. When you are called, you will protect your sister-in-law's nephew, experience unexpected storms, travel all the way south, touch the cold and heat, travel more, and worry about everything. You're the only one who cares.
After the Lunar New Year (1562), on the 11th day of the first month, my late master entrusted me to Chen Zhou (Kaifeng Prefecture, Henan Province), where I was greatly honored. I fled to the south, sobbing, driving thousands of miles and dreaming like stormy waves. ..... Compared with the beginner, I am eager to be the first monarch. I dare not stroke the coffin, but your brother will cry when he leans on the stick, which means you haven't come back from something else. Nothing. I just told you to go to hell. If you knock, you can't get up. ……
Your brother's power as an official is not good, he overcompensated and touched the scourge, so the culprit is your late father and you. There is no light on the face, how to atone? When was the doctor despised and hated to death when he was examined for illness and medicine? Taihang can be broken, the sea can be exhausted, painful and hateful. Would it be better to cut it off? I cried when I saw your orphan, but I couldn't read your last words in the dictionary with tears in my eyes. Today, only the word "you are lonely" holds water, so that you can prosper. If you are lucky enough not to die, you will come back to life.