Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Today in History - Who commanded the battle of Songshan?
Who commanded the battle of Songshan?
At present, there are two versions of the commander of Songshan Campaign in Myanmar North Station during the Anti-Japanese War. One is He Shaozhou, commander of the Eighth Army of the Expeditionary Force, and the other is Li Mi, deputy commander of the Eighth Army. Both are well founded. The source is nothing more than two documentary literature-Deng Xian's Soul of a Great Power and Fang Zhijin's A Bloody Battle between Yunnan, Myanmar and India.

Both authors are descendants of the parties who share weal and woe with historical events.

Deng Xian's father was a student soldier and his family was superior. Inspired by Chiang Kai-shek's appointment of "100,000 young people, 100,000 troops", he went to the Rangat training camp in India for training. After graduation, he became an army staff sergeant in an artillery regiment. After the war, he studied in the Mechanical Manufacturing Department of Jinling University, and joined the master mathematician Hua to become an excellent mathematical engineer. Knocked down in ten years of catastrophe.

Fang Zhijin's father, Fang Jing, was born in poverty. He entered the fourth phase of Huangpu Military Academy, paid a visit to the commander of the 79th Kuomintang Army, was captured in the Liberation War, and was pardoned in 1966. He is a member of China People's Political Consultative Conference. During the Anti-Japanese War, Fang Jing was a close friend of Chen Cheng. When he was a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, he dictated the book Six Meetings with Chiang Kai-shek, which is enough to be a witness of history.

The authors Deng Xian and Fang Zhijin, in order to restore the true colors of history, have conducted repeated field investigations, extensively obtained evidence, and interviewed survivors of expeditionary forces, from generals to ordinary soldiers. It can be said that both of them have mastered the first-hand information.

Then there was the Songshan Campaign of "an inch of mountains and rivers and an inch of blood", which was a bloody battle at the turning point of northern Myanmar and western Yunnan. The actual commander is the commander or the deputy commander, but there is a difference between them.

The section "A bloody battle in Songshan Mountain" in "Soul of a Great Power" says this:

The Eighth Army was originally the General Reserve of the Chinese Expeditionary Force and was stationed in Kunming. Commander He Shaozhou, nephew of He, Minister of Military and Political Affairs and Chief of General Staff. Although he is a lieutenant general, he is not good at fighting. Especially not good at fighting with the Japanese, so every time there is a war or fierce battle, he generously gives the front command to Li Mi, the deputy commander, and squats in the second-line bomb shelter to watch.

Wen Qing Li Mi, also known as Bingren, was born in Tengchong, Yunnan, and was a peasant family. This member is brilliant and studious. /kloc-joined the army in 0/924 and worked as an orderly in Yunnan army. After 20 years of military career, I experienced 100 battles, and finally became a major general, deputy division commander and honorary division commander. Of course, Major General and Deputy Commander are by no means the highest ideals of Li Mi. If China's He Shaozhou easily achieved a high position by the nepotism of royalty, then Li Mi, who comes from a civilian background, can only do it by his own efforts, credit, sweat, loyalty, cunning, sense motive, humiliation, selling himself to take refuge, taking risks and so on.

In short, Li Mi paid much more than she got.

……

In the face of the rock-solid Songshan position, China's army was almost helpless except for heavy casualties. Li Mi's heart was bent. He moved the command post to the forefront and personally led the chief of staff and US military advisers to the main attack group for three days before he realized clearly. He left a postscript in the battle diary:

"... attacking Songshan is the most arduous task in my life. The enemy's strength is stronger than its fortifications, fortresses and firepower. Competing with the enemy for the gains and losses of one mountain and one place, the enemy also has a plan. Its fortifications, the destruction of its fortresses and the killing of stubborn enemies all help. "

In other words, the battle of Songshan should not be aimed at occupying the top of the mountain, but must destroy the enemy forts one by one and destroy their effective forces before it can be completed.

And the veteran's narrative:

"As far as I know, there is no overseer in the Kuomintang army, maybe it's just that my unit doesn't. Yi Rongshi occupied the highland and was countered by the enemy. Li Mi used his quick wits to personally lead the death squads to the battlefield.

"You ask where is the key to win the battle of Songshan? I think there are three main tactical reasons besides the heroic fighting of China officers and soldiers and the support of American planes: the first is that Li Mi adjusted its tactics in time, the second is the use of flame throwers, and the third is the success of blasting highlands. "

Narrator: Chen Wei, deputy head of the 307th regiment. After the injury, he was promoted to the head of the team and served as the commander of major general. He led an uprising in Guangzhou on 1949. He used to be a member of the literature and history committee of Kunming CPPCC and the editorial committee of Kunming Literature and History Materials.

Zhang Yufu, male, 66 years old, former director of the Second Branch of the State-owned Longchuan Farm, retired cadre. ..... I'm glad someone came all the way from the provincial capital to chat with him about the past, especially those old historical accounts that are difficult to write into the file and always haunt people.

"... hit the big pass, Li Mi came up with a way to transfer a few small steel guns (mountain guns) from the artillery and directly approach the bunker. This has had some effect. The dead angle that guns can't eliminate is solved by our engineers with flame throwers.

"On the morning of August 20th, ... all the troops were withdrawn from Oyamaguchi, and Li Mi ordered the attack. Wei, Song Xilian and He Shao had already crossed the river on Wednesday, and several American generals and senior advisers were also watching in the bomb shelter. The engineering battalion commander shook the detonator himself. I saw his hands shaking ... At first, nothing seemed to happen. After a few seconds, the earth trembled a little, and then trembled a few times, a bit like an earthquake. The wooden supports in the shelter creaked and shook. ……

"... those Japanese people saw that the tide was gone, and they were even more desperate ... Li Mi was red-eyed, grabbed his helmet and buckled it on his head, and personally took the spy camp to the main position in Songshan. On September 6, I saw him being helped down from the main peak, his eyes were bloodshot and his beard was not shaved. His military uniform was smashed to pieces. He was barefoot and was injured in two places. He's deformed.

"The battle of Songshan seems to be the end of the second day after Li Mi came down from the main peak. That night, the gunfire sounded particularly fierce and there were many explosions. Hearing that the Japanese had run out of grenades, they picked up a mortar column and smashed it on a stone. Later, at noon, the gunfire gradually faded. At about four or five o'clock in the afternoon, the news of victory came from the mountain. I can clearly see that Li Mi was sitting on a stone outside the headquarters, and the staff officer ran forward to report to him. He didn't move, or stiffly poke on the stone, and then tears suddenly flow out ... "

Here, Zhang Yufu suggested that it was Li Mi who adjusted his tactics and came up with a way to approach the bunker directly with mountain guns, which constituted an effective fire attack on the enemy. And he personally led the spy battalion to attack the main peak.

In "A bloody battle between Burma and India", I know that it took two and a half chapters to describe how He Shaozhou commanded the battle:

Wei summoned He Shaozhou, commander of the Eighth Army, and asked the Eighth Army to send troops to replace Songshan's offensive mission.

He Shaozhou is He's nephew. He adopted He Shaozhou as his son because he had no children, so the young master commander was covered in thorns and never bought it from anyone. When the troops arrived in the west of Yunnan, he had a lot of complaints about the deployment of the officers. Now I heard that she wanted him to attack Songshan in an adventurous way, and her anger suddenly expanded. She even questioned Wei:

"Jun, the Eighth Army was ordered to drive to western Yunnan in mid-April, and the Chief Department immediately deployed: 103 Division was stationed in Yunyang-Midu, 82nd Division was appointed as the western defense of Baoshan, the honorary 1st Division, 1st Regiment and 2nd Regiment were stationed in Zhen 'an Street, and 3rd Regiment and 3rd Battalion were guarding Baoshan Airport. A good army was torn to pieces, and now it is necessary to deploy another attack on Songshan! What is the reason? "

Wei got wind of this gentleman's "neither eating hard nor soft" long ago, and Chief of Staff Xiao Yisu "greeted" him and "talked it over" before the conversation. But he doesn't believe in evil, which is the fire that he wants to master's temper. ……

……

In the military circles of the Kuomintang, it is impossible to convince the public only by the powerful nepotism of their parents. ..... He Shaozhou's pride, naturally, is by no means solely dependent on He's strength. In his early years, he went to the Japanese Infantry School for further study and graduated from the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. He has experienced many battles and has considerable combat experience and command ability. Therefore, in the Songshan attack, he was quite unique in the deployment and command of troops.

The lineup of the Eighth Army is also relatively neat: it is composed of the 103 Division, the Honorary First Division and the 82nd Division, with Li Mi as the deputy commander and commander of the Honorary First Division, and Liang Xiaozhai as the army chief of staff.

……

Then it summarizes how He Shaozhou started from 103 division and fought two battles in Shanghai, suppressed the mutiny of a regiment of the 82nd division with miscellaneous brands, and trained this miscellaneous brand army with an iron fist, making it a regular army with good combat skills.

Then the second attack on Songshan began, with little effect, but it was not conquered for a month. Wei received a death order from Jiang Wei, and Songshan must be captured before September 18th. Otherwise, from the commander down to the top leaders, they will be punished for delaying military action and there will be no relief. He Shaozhou first lost his temper with Wei, saying that this tactic of filling people could not continue, so he clashed with Wei. Liang Xiaozhai, deputy commander and chief of staff of the Eighth Army, kept pleading with Jinchang, and Wei also said some heartfelt words to ease the atmosphere. Although He Shaozhou firmly believes that "Songshan can be shot down in the end, I don't want to' make great efforts'. I resign! "

In the end, Wei had to offer an edict, and the military orders were like mountains. They just need to pay attention.

He Shaozhou dare not lose his temper again. So under the auspices of Wei, he carefully studied the plan to break the enemy.

Everyone says that long-range shelling is not effective. Wei made a decisive decision: move the artillery position to the vicinity of the enemy's position and attack it more directly, so as to achieve the effect of deep destruction. In this way, the cannon is in danger of being destroyed by the enemy, but Wei thinks this is the price that must be paid. Tactics are: artillery direct attack, forcing the devils to retreat to the lower bunkers, and the infantry can move forward. Then, the hole was filled with rocket launchers, and the flame thrower aimed at the hole and sprayed into the flame, completely eliminating the demons in the castle.

The proposed method has also been affirmed by Wei: the method of digging traffic trenches is to extend from the end of the offensive position to the enemy position, and then tunnel operation is carried out near the enemy fort and blasting is carried out under the enemy fort.

Troop deployment adjustment: transfer the 308th regiment to the left wing of the 307th regiment, and transfer the main force of the 255th regiment to the shade to strengthen mountaineering.

Here, the tactics of moving closer to the artillery position and directly attacking the enemy fort to achieve the effect of deep destruction were not put forward, but Wei put forward. Moreover, there is no mention of the transfer of operational command of the Eighth Army.

The Lord is still alive, how dare the lieutenant exceed his authority?

-1On July 26th, 944, the Eighth Army launched another attack in Songshan.