Drama is the most comprehensive art in the world, especially China's drama quyi, which combines all the past art forms and plays the role of music, poetry, art and other art forms under the guidance of drama. In the eyes of the Greeks, drama art is a bridge between heaven and earth, and a link between God and man. In China, except for a few dramas about gods, most of them are about history, (unofficial history), folk customs and folk customs. In the early days of liberation, when Deng Xiaoping was in charge of the Southwest Bureau, he often enjoyed Sichuan Opera performances. And invited a large number of cadres stationed in Sichuan to watch together. He said to the cadres stationed in Sichuan: "If you want to do a good job in Sichuan, you must understand the customs of Sichuan and learn to understand Sichuan Opera. If you don't understand Sichuan opera and don't watch performances, there will be no cultural performances. " Premier Zhou Enlai compared Cantonese opera to "southern red beans". I think this not only shows that Cantonese opera is as dazzling as red beans, but also expresses the lovesickness between Cantonese opera and the majority of Cantonese ethnic groups.
The biggest feature of "Dongguan Cantonese Opera Museum" is that it introduces more contributions made by Dongguan Cantonese opera people to the development and inheritance of Cantonese opera art in the history of Cantonese opera. For more than 100 years, in the field of Cantonese opera, Dongguan Cantonese opera singers, musicians, directors, media promotion and so on. It can be said that there are many talents. How to teach others, learn from others' strengths and create their own tunes, setting a record that no one can break in the history of Cantonese opera, with 367 performances in a row, which was full and won the reputation of "feeling monk". Hua Dan Chu, who performed with He Tongtai, is also from Dongguan. In addition, Chen Yannong, a famous Dan who is famous for being both civil and military, is also a Taoist. He practiced lightness skill since he was a child. In the 1940s, he served as Hua Dan with his new partner, and performed dramas such as Overlord at Sea. Wearing high-heeled boots, Chen Yannong stepped on the overlapping clay pots on the stage. She stepped on the middle row of casserole at a time, and stepped on the other row of two overlapping casserole at a time, playing the North School, singing and doing, and none of them were broken. The audience was excited and applauded. I think, at this moment, compared with "Beske" in ballet, it is even worse. There are also Lu,,, Liang Rong, Jing, Zhong Zhuofang, Yuan, Li Songpo, Ding Gongxing, Zhu Xiuying, Ye Furuo, Lun Youwei, Deng Danping, Lin Yangying, Chen Jinxin, Zhang Deming, Luo Chuhua, Chen Jianfeng and Zhang Xiong, all of which are introduced in the showcase on the second floor.
Due to the large number of Dongguan citizens who participated in the interpretation of Cantonese opera, many Cantonese opera families emerged. At the opening ceremony, the Chen Xiaofeng family laughed the most happily. At the opening ceremony, Mr. Chen made a touching speech, which touched all the audience. He led a family of 10 people, all of whom were celebrities in Cantonese opera. He took his family, Chen Tianzong, Chen Wanhong, Chen Xiaocha, Chen Wanqian, Chen Xiaocha, their spouses and children, and happily described the past stage scenery to the audience. Some Cantonese opera lovers seized this rare opportunity and came forward to ask for a group photo with Chen Lao. Huang Jimou, a Cantonese opera family, also came to the showcase with his son and nephew to introduce his father Huang Bujue and Huang Zhuangmou, as well as Huang Jimou and Huang Yingmou's family who have devoted their lives to Cantonese opera music. I was deeply moved by the text introduction, pictures and objects in the showcase. As early as the beginning of last century, Daojiao Ye's shed was famous in Guangzhou and Nanyang. Now, although the predecessors died young, Ye Dicai's cotyledon, who was also called "first-hand information" at that time, came to the showcase on the opening day to show visitors the past grand occasion of Ye's shed.
Dongguan Cantonese Opera Quyi not only created a glorious past, but also created impressive achievements today. In the future, generation after generation has created a gratifying situation. At the turn of the century, our province has been rated as five "Hometowns of Chinese Quyi", with Dongguan occupying Daojiao and Mayong. There are also towns such as Chang 'an, Humen, Guancheng, Cheng Nan, John Wan, Shilong, Dongcheng, Da Lang, Houjie, Shipai, Chashan and Wangniudun, all of which have established amateur Cantonese Opera Quyi clubs (teams). About the whole city. More than 300, with about 6,000 participants. Every year, during the holidays, many Guangdong and Guangxi Cantonese opera professional groups are invited to perform in Dongguan, so there are also some Cantonese opera circles. "Dongguan has supported many Cantonese opera troupes in Guangdong and Guangxi". It is these amateur Cantonese opera groups that have made gratifying achievements for the cause of Cantonese opera and Quyi in Dongguan. Chang 'an small Cantonese opera "Love in Xixiang" won the bronze medal in the 11th China Population and Culture Award. From 200/KLOC-0 to 2002, Siyuan, a large-scale modern Cantonese opera, was invited to perform in the Great Hall of the People, becoming the first amateur troupe in China. The play won the "Special Performance Award", "Excellent Script Award" and "Excellent Planning Award" awarded by China Dramatic Literature Association. In 2003, The Sign of Life and Death, a small Cantonese opera in Daojiao Town, won the "Gold Award of the First Boxing International Opera Art Festival in China". In 2004, he won the 13th National Stars Award for Excellence in Hangzhou. The Cantonese opera Little Yue Yun Joined the Army won the Silver Flower Award of the 7th China Children's Opera. Cantonese Opera Quyi cultural activities in Dongguan now. Formed professional and amateur at the same time, stage deduction and self-entertainment, the participation of the whole society, unprecedented excitement in the history of Cantonese opera, so that Cantonese opera art can be widely popularized and improved together. In the exhibition hall on the second floor, make every visitor feel excited and proud of the vigorous development and fruitful Cantonese opera art in Dongguan.
In many museums around the world, most of them are based on the concept of taking history as a mirror, people-oriented and evidence-based. Dongguan Cantonese Opera Museum is no exception. It is dominated by the brilliant achievements of Cantonese opera from its primitive form to today, with the figures running through this main vein as the framework, and then supported by physical objects in different periods. Let every audience have to admire, understand and accept in front of witness material evidence. When you enter the Cantonese Opera Museum, the first step is to come to an illustrated showcase. The pictures, figures, wooden fish books, dragon boat songs and lifelike puppets in the showcase let you know the brief history of the formation of Cantonese opera. And a rubbings of "Waijiang Liyuan Guild Hall Monument" tells you the establishment process of "Bahe Guild Hall". In particular, in the fourth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1854), Li, a disciple of Red Boat in Fengyiban, Foshan, led a Cantonese opera artist, Chen Kai, the leader of the United Heaven and Earth Society, and the influence caused by the uprising in Foshan and other places. He wrote a brilliant chapter in the history of China, especially in the history of China opera. Tian Han, a famous dramatist, praised Li Uprising as "an unprecedented shining model in the history of world drama". Later, around the Revolution of 1911, the revolutionaries headed by Dr. Sun Yat-sen joined hands with the progressives of Cantonese Opera, taking Cantonese Opera as the position, and set off a massive drama reform activity, which played a social effect of fueling anti-feudal democracy. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Dongjiang Column Troupe publicized the Anti-Japanese War in the form of drama. Mobilize the masses to reduce rents and interest rates. A lot of work has been done to establish a democratic regime. Seeing this series of introductions shows that Cantonese Opera Quyi keeps pace with the times and should play a role in the historical process.
These artistic categories, such as Muyu Song, Dragon Boat, Prynne and Nanyin, should be the elements of the formation of Cantonese Opera. He recorded the Chinese nation, and from the beginning of written records, "rhyme" was produced, a specific form used for reciting and singing. He raised the static symbol expressing meaning in form to the space-time art form expressing emotion with sound and flow. Our ancestors formed four tones in Chinese. Rhyme is used to form sentence patterns, from Gong, Shang, Ba, Jiao and Yu to harmony, time, B, Shang, Chi, Gong and Harmony as elements, forming a fixed board with different lengths and speeds, and the tunes are ever-changing. Or use positive and negative lines. So as to achieve a more musical, moving, beautiful and artistic performance than the narrative in daily life. Formed the folk art of Muyu Song, Dragon Boat, Prynne and Nanyin solo. Drama is to combine the above and more different artistic elements, and then a number of artists, born, born, clean, ugly, and finally, put on beautiful clothes. With the cooperation of scenery, lighting, sound, etc. In the form of singing, reading, doing and dancing, telling the joys and sorrows of the world is complicated and full of twists and turns, and the distinction between good and evil, karma, heaven and earth, life and death may be the charm of the play.
Dongguan Cantonese Opera Museum has a collection of Muyu Books, Dragon Boat, Prynne and Nanyin, which have been engraved by many bookstores in Guangzhou, Foshan and Dongguan since the second year of Tongzhi. Holding these "fragile" singing songs, I don't know how many artists have seen and sung them, and I don't know how many listeners have been touched. I just feel that the artistic charm in singing is so deep and the historical accumulation is so long that I have a sense of sacredness. Drama is drama. In the past, most of the opera artists were highly educated, and they all learned drama by rote and dictated by the master. In the past, Master held an outline and taught the actors to wear strings one by one in the play to match the "canopy". This is the so-called "silhouette play" of "see you on the stage". In the He showcase on the second floor of the museum, the manuscript of Outline Play used by He is displayed. Even if you don't know drama, the beautiful Liu style characters written by him with a brush can impress you with the charm of his calligraphy. With the maturity and development of Cantonese opera, the performance script has also begun to be standardized. However, due to the rapid popularization of printing technology in the past, a kind of "printed book" appeared. According to relevant sources, "printed book" is a special kind of ink. The operas in the script are copied on a plane made of printed paper. Before the ink is dry, white paper is spread on the printed surface to absorb the ink. Later, it was gradually eliminated because of the time-consuming processing. Because of this, the printed scripts are precious in the history of Cantonese opera. There are more than ten books in the museum now. The exhibition of several books this time will open the eyes of the audience and increase their knowledge. There are also various manuscripts by Dongguan playwright Yuan Runcheng and musician Huang Jimou. There are also various scripts, music scores, letters, papers and so on. Handwriting, woodcut, mimeograph, stamping, printing, photocopying, photocopying, printing, etc. The content of the script includes traditional costume drama, Niigata historical drama, modern drama, Quyi singing and so on.
In the interpretation of China's traditional operas, "costume" is indispensable. The so-called "costumes" are the costumes used by actors on the stage. The aesthetic concept of China's traditional operas is "the combination of reality and reality, with both form and spirit", which pays more attention to the similarity of form and spirit and emphasizes the expression of form and spirit. There are two sets of "big lean" in this showcase; It is the male "big depend" and the female "big depend" that are very representative. The so-called "thinness" refers to the "armor" worn by participants to protect their bodies in the ancient Cold War era, which is very common in the Cold War era. We can see the style of Jia Kai from the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Dynasty. The ancients made small pieces of metal, or horns, bones, skins, etc. And then tied the holes with ropes and made them into Jia Kai, which was used to protect the human body until the end of the Cold Weapons War in Qing Dynasty. But now, in front of our door, the "lean" worn by actors on the stage is not real life. Also like the "armor" in life, it consists of shoulders, shirts, waistlines and stomachs. But look closely, these are exquisite handicrafts, and the patterns embroidered on them, such as flying dragon, Cai Feng, Gouyun, Qushui, Wanzi, Lei Wen and fish scales, are very exquisite. In particular, the monster patterns protruding from the shoulders and abdomen are simply "gluttonous" fashion styles. This kind of clothing with bronze patterns has become the totem of handsome men and beautiful women in ancient battlefields. From this costume, you can decipher the comprehensive codes of exaggeration, symmetry, balance, ending, elegance and shade commonly used in China traditional operas. There is a jargon in the play called "It's better to wear it badly than to wear it wrong". That is to say, all walks of life have their own clothes, hats and shoes in life, Dan, clean, ugly and all year round. There is a set of fixed procedures, and you can't cross the line. The museum exhibited pythons, sea greens, cloaks for men and women, West Lake Village, clothes, and various forehead ornaments, helmets, towels, hats, boots and shoes. As the museum is a Cantonese opera museum, the main clothing on display is Cantonese embroidery. Guangdong embroidery worker; In the traditional colored silk embroidery, gold thread embroidery, silver thread embroidery and convex embroidery are added to make it more magnificent and three-dimensional. It is worth mentioning, however, that in the He showcase on the second floor, there is a costume worn in the 1950s and 1960s, which was donated by extraordinary descendants. Among them, the film and plastic flowers used are rare in domestic clothing at the same time. Even unused materials. At the same time, domestic clothing is only embroidered on traditional silk, with glass beads and glass tubes. He's suit is made entirely of film and glue flowers. The museum has collected more than 576 sets of costumes made of cotton, hemp, silk, cotton silk, blended yarn and chemical fiber. Its craft includes hand embroidery, hand painting, machine embroidery, sticking embroidery, printing, bead embroidery, film embroidery, sequins embroidery and so on. Two of them are hand-painted and cut-and-paste, which are incomparable to other costumes in terms of technical and economic value. But he has its special and representative value of the times. He was born in the historical period after the Cultural Revolution and has just resumed the performance of traditional costume dramas. At that time, due to the destruction of traditional drama and folk art in the decade of the Cultural Revolution, most traditional opera costumes were destroyed. Once it is restored, it is too late to make it immediately. At the same time, it was forced by the economic difficulties at that time. As a result, folk artists made these traditional opera costumes in a hurry and cut and paste them by hand. Now it seems that although these costumes are just as simple, they show the strong vitality and irresistible historical trend of traditional opera. Here, it is worth mentioning the "water sleeves" in clothing. In fact, many people think that ancient costumes are equipped with long "sleeves". This is a big misunderstanding. Sleeves are not "dancing with long sleeves" in Chu Yao. It turns out that the sleeves in the clothing are the sleeves of "Lonely Chang 'e Express Wide Sleeves". According to Mr. Mei Lanfang, in the early years, stage actors dressed up and appeared, no matter what role they played, they had to be lined with a water coat. The sleeves of the water jacket are exposed outside the costume, so they are called water sleeves. Later, the sleeves were lengthened and widened, separated from the water coat and attached to the sleeves of each outfit. This has formed the "water sleeves" seen on the stage of today's traditional costume drama, which must be supplemented here.
In addition, among the headdresses of traditional operas in China, the headdress "Eating vegetables" donated by Xiaosha Chen is also very distinctive. According to relevant sources, the "ruler's letter" was originally a popular ornament in the Qing court. It first uses silver or copper to make patterns of phoenix, birds and various flowers and plants by wave welding. Then cut off the kingfisher's feathers and decorate them. Later, with the demise of the Qing court, this craft spread to the people. In China's traditional opera performances, it is often used by Dan Jiao. Later, it was replaced by glass and plastic because of its complicated technology and high price. This technology should have been lost by now. The museum also collected a lot of "drama bridges" this time, the so-called drama bridges. It is different from the modern program list in that different programs are released at the same party. The bridge is to introduce the content of the same play: the story and actors of each scene. In the past, many operas were often printed with wonderful aria, so they were very popular with the audience. It has played a role in popularizing drama. The museum also collected various props used on the stage, such as knives, guns, swords, halberds, axes and hammers. And wine. Table lamp, folding fan, and erhu, Gao Hu, coconut tree, gong, cymbal, drum, fish, sand, flute, pipe and other musical instruments. There are also puppets in the puppet show, as well as costumes and props in the puppet show. And a large number of audio-visual materials, including single-sided old bakelite CDs, double-sided bakelite CDs, large, medium and small plastic CDs, audio tapes, video tapes, various CDs, DVDs, record players, hand-cranked players and so on. Many collections in the museum, whether as traditional opera ornaments or folk handicrafts, are rare.