1, with clear inheritance and many representatives in each period. For example, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were Luo Shuyu in the Ming Dynasty, Yang Zuan Lie, Yang Tianpei, Zhang Zhennan, a scholar in Qianlong 13 years, and Rao, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. During the Republic of China, after the establishment of new China, such as He Yuzhai, Rao Tuosheng, Rao Shushu, Rao Congju, Rao Bichu, Li Lantian, Li Zhitian, Luo Jiuxiang and Luo Niande, there were Li Deli, Luo Lian, Yu Dunchang, Rao Ningxin, Luo Dezai, Gaoyou Zhang, Luo Zengliang, Luo Zengyou, Luo, Yang, Fan Shenghua and Zhuang Changjiang. At present, there are Rao Baoyou, Wen, Liao Dongxiong, Liu Chuan and others.
2, the variety is rich, and the repertoire is extensive. According to the Collected Works of China Music, * * has 6 12 pieces of China music, including 430 pieces of Sixian (including minor), 56 pieces of Qingqu, 23 pieces of China music, 62 pieces of China military music and 3 pieces of temple music.
3. Diversity of playing forms and techniques. China music has a solo and two or three people play together, but it is more in the form of ensemble, so its playing skills.
Joe is rich. Taking ensemble as an example, there are procedures such as instrument selection, sound inspection, line inspection, first performance and ensemble. At the same time, we should pay attention to concentration and suitable environment. In addition, China's playing skills include tone sandhi, "adding flowers" and "subtracting words".
4. Literature compatibility. The tunes of Guangdong Han music are rich in literature, with high and low tones, priorities, structural cohesion, echoing ups and downs, and containing profound literary connotations. It can be divided into four types of literature:
The first is the lyrics and the style of the song. The tune of this genre is divided into two parts. Although the number of the first paragraph and the second paragraph are not equal, the tonality of phrases is similar, such as Your Legend and Little Yangzhou.
The second is the style of wind poetry. Each piece of music in this genre is divided into four or five paragraphs or seven or eight paragraphs, and two or three sentences in each paragraph are basically the same. Although other paragraphs are different, its first or last sentence is basically the same. This tune can be represented by a jade chain.
The third is the Sao style. The antithetical sentences in this genre mostly contain loose sentences, which are similar to Li Sao, Gui Qu Lai Xi Ci, Chi Bi Fu and so on. And the one that seems to be Li Sao is the three songs of Chu.
The fourth is the prose style. This kind of music is complex and changeable, either with dialogues or overlapping sentences. For example, the last paragraph of Hirayama Music begins with even sentences, and is inherited by overlapping sentences, and the middle part is inherited by single sentences, and then two strokes are used. The last paragraph is the most neat. There are three main values to explore, rescue and protect Guangdong Han music:
(I) Academic Value In the hundreds of years of inheritance and development, Guangdong Hanle not only inherited the essence of Gong Yanyin's music and Central Plains folk music, but also absorbed the traditional folk music in Hakka areas (such as playing eight tones and China military music) and some elements of Chaozhou music (big gongs and drums), forming a unique and complete music system, which has research value in the history of China folk music.
(2) Folklore value Guangdong Han music not only retains the "ancient charm of Zhongzhou", but also has local folk characteristics, especially many pieces reflecting Tai Po folk customs, which have high folk value. Such as spring string, summer string, autumn string, winter string, spring, summer, Qiu Lai and winter. , reflecting the season; "Lantern Festival" and "Spring Festival Song" reflecting traditional folk festivals; Selling groceries, selling wine and tofu. Some reflect folk weddings, funerals and celebrations, such as "Flower Worship Hall", "Marry a Good Man" and "Jade Beauty". Celebrate reunion, congratulate Taiping, and sell wine for other happy events; Open doors, play drums, greet immortals, and enter the northern palace with lively and festive scenes; Funeral performances such as worshipping the emperor, crying, and mourning; Sacrificial music "Da Le" and "Song Song"; Feasts and entertainments "put wine", "the meaning of drunkenness is not wine" and "rising day by day". In addition, there are dance music and divine comedy.
(3) The value of religion Among the five categories of Guangdong Han music, there is temple fair music, which is music played by monks in religious ceremonies. According to the examination, the temple fair music originated from the local folk music in Tai Po, and after blending with the "Zhongzhou Ancient Music" that moved south to become Guangdong Han Music, it retained the temple fair music. Although this kind of music is not much, it has a distinct religious color. For example, Buddhist songs, five views of Buddha, bodhisattva mantra, haircut, singing Taoist feelings, pregnancy in October and so on.
First, the social foundation for the survival and development of Guangdong Han music has changed. Some traditional folk customs are gradually weakening, funeral is simple, funeral forms have changed, and the main activities of temple fair music in Guangdong Province and military music in China are gradually narrowing. Traditional festivals in rural areas are gradually fading, and the venues for performing Chinese music in rural areas are decreasing.
Secondly, due to the development of modern culture and entertainment industry and the diversification of entertainment forms, the number of people studying China's music performances is decreasing day by day. In addition, due to the advanced age, the older generation of China musicians gradually quit playing, some died one after another, and some stunts were difficult to pass on, such as the head strings, drums, percussion and other important musicians, and there were no successors.
Thirdly, the temple fair music in Guangdong Han music has dropped sharply, and there are even fewer musicians who could have played this kind of music. Coupled with the atmosphere that is not suitable for Han musicians to entertain themselves at ordinary times, there are very few people who can play temple fair music and are on the verge of extinction.
Fourthly, the county authorities failed to establish a relatively complete China music database, and most of the information was scattered in the hands of society and individuals. Due to the lack of data, the study of China's music lacks systematic data.
Hakkas have a fine tradition of hard work. Simple folk customs and advocating culture, education and art have become an ethos. For example, dapu county, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, is a place where China's music is particularly prosperous. As early as the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the earliest county annals in dapu county, Guangdong Province said: "Puzhi recited Zou Lu in the tide." Later county chronicles also praised the folk customs of Tai Po with "reciting family strings" (every family has reading sounds and chords). In the past hundred years, there were nearly 100 chord halls (places where music clubs played China music together) in dapu county alone. Many villages and towns have become very popular in "string string" (playing China music), making noise, singing China songs and performing China's plays, and this tradition has continued. Han music has gone through a long time with Hakka ancestors. Nowadays, China music has become an indispensable part of Hakka life. In leisure, festivals, festivals and dapu county, you can hear the harmony of silk flute, string flute, drum music and octave singing everywhere. The entertainment activities of family music clubs are more frequent, so entertaining yourself is a kind of enjoyment! There are more than ten music clubs with a certain scale and high level. The county also established the China Music Research Association and built the China Music Concert Hall. This shows the popularity and prosperity of China music. Since the Qing Dynasty, a large number of China famous musicians such as He Yuzhai, Rao Tuosheng, Rao Congju, Luo Jiuxiang, Luo Lian, Li Deli, Rao Ningxin and Luo Dezai have emerged in dapu county.