190365438+February 17, this is a day in history. On this day, the Wright brothers in the United States achieved the first powered flight in human history. The flight time is only 12 seconds, and the flight distance is only a negligible 36 meters. But this is the first time in human history to successfully launch and fly a powered, manned, sustained, stable and maneuverable aircraft heavier than air, marking the beginning of the realization of human dreams of conquering the sky.
At the beginning of the 20th century, gliders and powerplants were mature, and many pilots began to install powerplants on gliders to study power flight.
1882, Mocaj of Russia built a flat-wing steam plane. From 1886 to 1890, four steam planes were built in Adail. 1893, Maxim in Britain also built a large steam plane. 1896, a steam plane model was built in Langley, USA. However, these planes failed to fly successfully due to poor power or other reasons. Although Russia, France and Britain claim that they made the earliest airplanes, they are not recognized.
The Wright brothers in America, the real inventors of airplanes. The two brothers have been very interested in flying since childhood. They study the flight of birds. They used to pull gliders with ropes and fly them like kites. They built their own internal combustion engines and propellers, and put their own airplane models with propellers and engines in their own "wind tunnels" to simulate flight. In order to test the plane, they also personally wrote to the Meteorological Bureau to find the ideal test site.
1 In September, 903, they pulled their "Flying Man1"plane to Xiaoying Beach on the east coast, making full preparations for the test flight. 65438+February 17, this is an unusual day. My brother Orville Wright and my brother wilbur wright flew Voyager 1 respectively, and successfully flew four times, with a total flight time of 97 seconds and a distance of 44 1 m. Although there is only a short time and distance, this is the first time that human beings really fly in a powered plane. At the end of the last flight, wilbur wright said excitedly, "The era of flying has finally arrived." Yes, this is indeed an epoch-making flight.
The Wright brothers are from Ohio, USA. Their father is a shepherd and their mother is a music teacher. The Wright brothers became interested in machinery almost when they were sensible. As an adult, Orville tells almost all stories related to mechanical design whenever he recalls his childhood to others. From 65438 to 0896, they began to read books about flying. Although they have no higher education, they study the spirit of exploration, conscientiously sum up the experience and lessons of their predecessors, indomitable spirit of struggle, and fearless spirit of being the first in the world, which will always inspire the latecomers to move forward.
The Wright brothers have never been married, and they have been accompanied by airplanes almost all their lives. Their names will always be associated with airplanes and will always remain in people's hearts.
From 1904 to 1905, the Wright brothers produced Flyer 2 and Flyer 3 successively. 1904 On May 26th, Voyager II made its first test flight. 1905101October 5th, Voyager 3 made the longest test flight, flying 38.6 kilometers, leaving it blank for 38 minutes-this shows that the Wright brothers' plane solved the balance and control problems well. 1906, the Wright brothers' aircraft patent application in the United States was approved.
It is worth mentioning that the invention right of aircraft is still an episode. 190 1 year, the U.S. government invested $50,000 to call Langley for research aircraft. 1903, 70 days before the Wright brothers successfully flew, the "air station" aircraft developed by Langley also made a test flight, but it failed. After the Wright brothers succeeded, Curtis, another American pilot, revised the "air station number" and successfully tested again. So he claimed that the inventor of the first plane was not Wright, but Langley. Because Langley was then the dean of the prestigious Smithsonian Institution in the United States, the Smithsonian Institution abused its power and announced that the "Air Station" plane was the first successful plane. It was not until 1942 that the new president of the Smithsonian Institution corrected the wrong statement in the past and rehabilitated the Wright brothers. At the same time, it was decided to display Wright's "leaflet 1" in the best position of American museums.
However, all this did not really attract the attention of the press, and they shelved the invention for two years. Finally, the US military realized its great potential. 1908 At the beginning of the year, when the Wright brothers successfully built the sixth plane, the US War Department expressed its willingness to watch one of their flight shows. At this time, France is also willing to buy their patents. 1908 On August 8, 2008, at Le Mans Racecourse near Paris, France, Wilbur flew around the racecourse for one and a half minutes at a flying height of 10 meter, which surprised the audience present. The news soon spread to all parts of the world by telegraph. London's Daily Mirror exclaimed that this plane is "the most amazing plane ever". Since then, Wilbur has made several flights. Once, he got on a plane with the wife of a French agent and flew in the air for 2 minutes and 3 seconds-France was boiling. For a time, awards and certificates emerged one after another. Some European entrepreneurs also began to scramble to buy his patents. Throughout August, Wilbur performed more than 65,438+000 air shows in France, which set off an aviation boom in Europe.