Because the Ming dynasty abolished the post of prime minister.
In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang formally established the post of Prime Minister. The first left prime minister was Li Shanchang, and the right prime minister was Xu Da. Later, in order to strengthen the imperial power, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the post of prime minister and set up a cabinet, in which university students exercised the functions and powers of prime minister. After Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, the prime minister was transferred from the cabinet to the military department, and the minister of military affairs became the actual prime minister.
In ancient times, the usurpers were basically the ministers of the dynasty, such as Wang Mang, Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Song, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, Chen Baxian, Emperor Wendi of Sui, Zhu Wen, Zhao Kuangyin and others. In view of these historical lessons, after the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang killed the hero and minister. There were two important actions on the issue of waste phase, one was to kill Hu and the other was to kill Li Shanchang.
Hu case: After Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, he appointed four prime ministers. Among them, Hu Zhuzheng saved the longest time and had the greatest power. In addition, he was closely related to Ji 'an Hou Lu Zhongheng and Pingliang Hou Fei, who were condemned by Zhu Yuanzhang at that time. The combination of court political leaders and military nobles made Zhu Yuanzhang alert. Hu was arrogant and unruly because of his growing power, which just gave Zhu Yuanzhang a handle. Hongwu thirteen years (. Zhu Yuanzhang killed Hu on the charge of bending the law, took the opportunity to cancel the province of Zhongshu, and made a decree forbidding him to set up the post of prime minister again. Zhu Yuanzhang also used the Hu case to list all the civil and military officials and landlords who were resentful and dangerous to the imperial rule as Hu parties one after another and carried out property raids. The worst time was the twenty-third year of Hongwu, who had retired for many years and was 77 years old. There are more than 70 Korean Duke Li Shanchang and his family. There are 2/kloc-0 heroes killed or knighted because of the Hu case, and more than 30,000 people have died. After the abolition of the prime minister, the emperor had supreme power and centralized power was further strengthened.
2. Establish a Cabinet
The Ming dynasty finally solved the long-standing contradiction between monarchical power and relative power, but the emperor's government affairs were really busy afterwards. So, what can Ming Chengzu do to handle state affairs well?
Zhu Yuanzhang also set up a secretarial body called Cabinet, and the appointed secretary was called "scholar". The rank of college students is very low, only five, three times lower than the heads of ministries.
Zhu Yuanzhang was complacent about his decision, thinking that he could keep the Ming regime in power forever. So he ordered that "future generations should not restore the prime minister system, and if anyone so requests, Ling Chi will be put to death." Zhu Yuanzhang came from the people, and he established the regime. He can barely cope with complicated government affairs, but after the founding of the People's Republic of China, many emperors were born in the palace and spent too little money. Faced with the ever-changing government affairs, they are bound to be at a loss. In the end, only relying on the cabinet, or even entrusting the power to eunuchs, made the power gradually fall into the hands of college students, like Zhang becoming a prime minister without the title of prime minister, and the cabinet becoming a province without the title of Chinese book province, and even formed a very serious eunuch authoritarian situation in the late Ming Dynasty.
How did the emperor's prevention and control of the cabinet and the university students affect the politics in the middle and late Ming Dynasty?
It opened the door for eunuchs to participate in politics, which was an important reason for the increasingly dark political rule in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.
(Hongwu) Fifteen years (1382), imitating the system of the Song Dynasty, set up Gaihuatang, Wuyingtang, Wenyuan Pavilion and Dongge Taifu, and also set up Wenhua Pavilion Taifu to tutor the prince. The rankings are all positive. College students are about to serve as consultants. In this paper, college students are changed into undergraduates. Cheng Zu acceded to the throne, and Jie Jin, Hu Guang, Yang Rong and other officials directly participated in the maintenance. Since then, the maintenance work of cabinet ministers has begun. However, at that time, all the people who entered the cabinet were editors, inspectors, lecturers and readers (referring to the editors, revisers, lecturers and readers of the Hanlin Academy). Shi Qi was promoted to assistant minister of does and university student of Gai Hua Temple, and was named university student of Taichangqing and Gai Hua Temple. Later, Rong and others were successively promoted to ministers. Although they live in the cabinet, officials must respect the minister. In Jingtai, at the suggestion of Zuo Du, Wang entered the official department and merged into the cabinet. From then on, he did it room by room.