1, the first wave of reform: "new curriculum reform" movement 1958 to the early 1960s.

From 65438 to 0957, the former Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial earth satellite, which shocked the American government, while the public turned their attention to the quality of education in public schools, blaming the decline in the quality of school education on the backwardness of American space technology, and then thinking that this was the evil result of neglecting the basics and systematicness of progressive education and lowering academic standards.

The U.S. government quickly linked national defense construction with education, and promulgated the National Defense Education Act in 1958, establishing a new teaching system aimed at cultivating high-tech talents.

2. The second wave: the civil rights movement, which began in the mid-1960s, began in the 1970s.

From 65438 to 0965, the US Congress passed the primary and secondary education act. The bill calls for allocating funds according to the number of poor children in each school district, and providing textbooks, utensils and articles for primary and junior high school students to ensure that poor students have enough learning materials. These funds are controlled by state and local governments. By 1966, the total investment of this plan will reach1200 million USD.

3. The third wave of reform: the movement of "restoring the foundation" was in the 1970s and early 1980s.

In 1970s, promoting equality of educational opportunities remained an important task of American educational reform. The federal bill has brought success and encouragement to those who are on the edge of the education system. 1972, the national assembly passed the education amendment bill prohibiting gender discrimination. 1975, President Ford signed the Education for All Disabled Children Act to ensure the right of disabled children to receive free and appropriate education.

4. The fourth wave of reform: the school reconstruction movement in the 1980s and 1990s?

1In April, 1983, the National Committee for Quality Education published the report "The country is in danger: education reform is imperative", and American society once again set off a school reconstruction movement similar to "restoring the foundation". Reconstruction "means the change of rules, roles and relationship systems, so that schools can serve existing purposes more effectively or jointly serve new purposes".

5. The Fifth Reform Wave: Educational Choice and National Standards Movement 199 1 year and 1993.

The fifth wave of educational reform in the United States is accompanied by the release of "educational goals for the year 2000", the core of which is the national educational standards.

199 1 and 1993, the Bush administration and the Clinton administration respectively promulgated the programmatic documents "America 2000: Education Strategy" and "Goals for 2000: American Education Act", which sounded the horn of national unification of American education standards.

6. The sixth wave of education reform: from the late 1990s to the present.

At that time, the basic point of reform was to redesign school education according to the needs and conditions of the workplace. The educational objectives of this campaign include students' smooth transition from school to workplace, training in information technology, curriculum setting that emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving ability, decision-making ability and group cooperation, and skills that employers think employees should have now and in the future.

On June 65438+1October 65438+April, 2005, President Bush publicly emphasized that more preparations should be made for the future of high school students. He believes that education should ensure that every high school graduate has the skills needed to succeed in universities and globally competitive workplaces.

Extended data

In the late 1950s, the successful launch of the first artificial satellite of the former Soviet Union not only stimulated the scientific and technological competition among the world powers, but also triggered a large-scale educational reform movement worldwide. In the fierce competition and frequent reforms, the educational reform in the United States is particularly eye-catching and has had a wide impact on all countries.

From the time point of view, American education has only experienced more than half a century since World War II, but the rapid change of reform cycle and the great change of reform content have never appeared at any time in American history. These reforms have promoted the scientific and humanized process of American education.

Based on the principle of "making foreign things serve China", investigating and analyzing the development and changes of contemporary American education reform and its outstanding characteristics will undoubtedly enlighten the deepening and path selection of China's education reform and development in the new century.

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