The history of pinyin:

Pinyin is the process of pinyin festival, that is, according to the rules of syllable formation in Putonghua, the initials and finals are quickly and continuously spelled and combined with tones to form a syllable.

Process:

1978 On September 26th, the State Council approved the Report on Using Hanyu Pinyin Scheme as the Unified Standard of Roman Alphabet Spelling of Geographical Names in China issued by China Language Reform Commission and State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping. From June 1 97965438+1October1,the names and place names of People's Republic of China (PRC) in foreign literature, books and periodicals will be announced.

It is an important measure to replace various old spellings, such as Webster's style, and to eliminate the long-standing confusion in spelling Roman letters of names and places in China. "Since then, Chinese mainland has directly unified local translations in the Mainland into Chinese Pinyin without extensive public consultation, regardless of whether the pronunciation is similar to Mandarin.

All Chinese is mainly pinyin, and only a few places such as Lhasa, Inner Mongolia, Urumqi and Harbin have retained the traditional pronunciation translation. For example, in Guangzhou, Shantou and Xiamen, spellings originally pronounced in Cantonese, Chaoshan accent and Minnan dialect have been banned. On the same day, the State Council approved the Cultural Reform Commission, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the General Administration of Surveying and Mapping.

Article 3 of the Implementation Instructions of the Geographical Names Committee on Using the Chinese Pinyin Scheme to Spell the Geographical Names of China into Roman letters stipulates: "In all foreign languages, proper names are transliterated in principle, spelled with Chinese Pinyin letters, and common names (such as provinces, cities, autonomous regions, rivers, lakes, seas, etc.). ) are all free translations.

However, when the proper name is monosyllabic, its generic name should be regarded as a part of the proper name, transliteration first, and then repeated free translation. For example, the Pearl River must be translated into the Pearl River. However, according to this regulation, the English name of Sacred Heart Cathedral, which 1888 began to use, cannot be used, but should be called "giving", which caused great controversy.