The government acquired the largest 17 private railway company and nationalized the railway. After the end of World War II, due to the obstruction of trade unions and the influence of hyperinflation, the national railway restoration and reconstruction plan initiated by Japan was not fully implemented, so it all ended in failure and failed to curb the rising trend of the national railway operating deficit year after year. Since then, Japan has put forward privatization reform according to the national conditions at that time, and promulgated "Japan's State-owned Railway Reform Law" in 1986, which was privatized in 1987, and the new railway career framework JR system was established and continues to this day.
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Cihai's interpretation of the railway is that locomotives are used to draw vehicles to form trains (or vehicles with their own power devices) and follow the rules. Railway transportation is a land transportation mode, in which locomotives are used to pull trains and vehicles on two parallel rails. The traditional way is to travel on steel wheels, but railway transportation in a broad sense still includes non-steel wheels such as maglev trains, cable cars and ropeways, or rail transit. Rails can provide a very smooth and hard medium for train wheels to roll on with minimal friction, which makes people feel more comfortable and saves energy. If properly configured, railway transportation can save energy by 50% to 70% compared with road transportation with the same weight. Moreover, the rail can evenly disperse the weight of the train, which greatly improves the load capacity of the train.