Fan Wencheng (1597- 1666) was born in Shenyang, Liaodong (now Shenyang). The seventeenth grandson of Fan Zhongyan, a famous figure in the Northern Song Dynasty. He has served as four emperors of Qing Taizu, Qing Taizong, Qing Shizu and Qing Shengzu.
He was an important official in the early Qing dynasty, and most of the regulations when the Qing dynasty was founded came from him, and he was regarded as the first of civil servants. Fan Wencheng didn't study hard, and he was admitted to the Shenyang County Scholar at the age of 16 15 and 18.
In the 46th year of Wanli (16 18), Fushun was captured by the army of the Eight Banners of the Later Jin Dynasty, and Fan Wencheng and his brother Fan Cai Wen volunteered to become one of the founding fathers of the Qing Dynasty.
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, he was deeply dependent and participated in the decision-making of all strategies to crusade against the Ming Dynasty, rebel against Ming officials, attack Korea, appease Mongolia and establish a national system.
In the fifth year of Kangxi (1666), Fan Wencheng died at the age of 70. Kangxi personally wrote a eulogy and was buried in Luohongshan, Huairou County. Emperor Kangxi personally inscribed the word "Fu Yuan Peak" as his highest evaluation.
2. Hong Chengchou
Hong Chengchou (1593.10.16-1665.04.03) was originally from Du Ying, Nan 'an, Quanzhou, Fujian (now Xiamei, Liangshan Village, Du Ying Town). In the forty-fourth year of Wanli (16 16), a scholar went to Shaanxi to participate in politics.
He made meritorious service in suppressing the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty, and was successively promoted to Governor Yansui and Governor Trilateral Shaanxi. In the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), he was transferred to the governor of Jilin and Liao. He was captured by the Qing Dynasty after the defeat of the Battle of Jin Song and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty.
In April of the first year of Shunzhi (1644), he entered the customs with the Qing soldiers. Since then, it has been used by the Qing court, with the title of Prince Taibao, Minister of War, and right deputy, in charge of the maintenance of the inner court. The following year, as a military college student, he went to Jiangnan to recruit the governor of southern China.
Hong Chengchou preached Confucianism and put forward opinions on the emperor shunzhi's welcoming the Dalai Lama, which laid the foundation for the confluence of Manchu and Chinese. Hong Chengchou also suggested that the Qing court adopt many laws and regulations of the Ming dynasty, and put forward many suggestions, most of which were adopted and implemented by the Qing court.
Perfecting the state machine of Qing Dynasty. In order to consolidate the rule of the Qing Dynasty, Chengchou suggested that the Manchu ruling group should also "learn and understand Chinese", understand the customs and habits of the Han people, and downplay the differences between Manchu and Chinese.
In the tenth year of Shunzhi (1653), he was ordered to be in charge of Huguang, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places, and the governor was also in charge of military affairs and salaries. In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), the Qing army captured Yunnan and returned to Beijing. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1 year), he was invited to be an official. Kangxi four years (1665) died in Wenxiang.
3. Wu Sangui
Wu Sangui (1665438+June 8, 2002-1678 65438+1October 2), whose name was Long Bo, was a native of Weizhou Post Station in Guangning, Liaodong (now Suizhong, Liaoning) in the Ming Dynasty. His ancestral home was Gaoyou (now Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province).
A famous political and military figure in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. During the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, he served as the company commander of Liaodong, sealed Xibo and guarded Shanhaiguan. Emperor Chongzhen acceded to the throne, and took the official position by martial arts. Wu Sangui won the imperial examination by martial arts. Soon, Wu Sangui took Father's Shadow as the commander in chief.
In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), the Qing Dynasty was conquered, and Li Zicheng was defeated in the Shanhaiguan War and was named King of the Day. In the 16th year of Shunzhi (1659), Wu Sangui guarded Yunnan, led troops into Myanmar, and forced the king of Myanmar to hand over the Nanming Emperor Li Yong.
In the first year of Kangxi (1662), Wu Sangui killed the Nanming Emperor Li Yong in Kunming. In the same year, Jin was named the king of the day, and was also called a San Francisco with Geng, the king of Jingnan in Fujian, and Shangkexi, the king of Pingnan in Guangdong.
In the 12th year of Kangxi (1673), he ordered the withdrawal of vassals. Wu Sangui claimed to be the King of Zhou, the commander of the land and water marshal in the world. He conquered General Lu in Xingming and published a campaign, which was called "San Francisco Rebellion" in history.
In the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1678), Wu Sangui proclaimed himself emperor in Hengzhou (now Hengyang City), with the title of Zhou, the capital of Hengyang, and Jianyuan Zhaowu. In the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1678), he died in Hengyang.
Chasing stones is the ultimate expression of the Taoist people and the emperor. After three years of support, Wu Shizhen, the grandson, was attacked by the Qing army in Kunming, and the San Francisco Rebellion ended.
4. Shang kexi
Shang Kexi (1604- 1676), born in Hongyang, Shanxi, moved to Hengshui, Hebei. In the fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1576), my grandfather moved to Haizhou, Liaodong (now Haicheng, Liaoning).
Shang Ke -xi fought for a long time and fought for tens of thousands of miles, which made great contributions to the establishment and consolidation of the Qing Dynasty and wrote a heavy sum in the history of qing dynasty.
During the reign of Kangxi, Jin was named Prince Pingnan. In the 15th year of Kangxi (1676), Pingnan Wang Shangkexi died in Guangzhou at the age of 73. Emperor Kangxi gave him respect.
5. Nian Gengyao
Nian Gengyao (1679—1726 65438+10/3) was born in Huaiyuan, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, and later transferred to Huangqi, the Han army. He was a famous soldier in the Qing Dynasty.
In the thirty-ninth year of Kangxi (1700), he was a scholar, and he was the governor of Sichuan, the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and the general of Fuyuan, and he was also named Taibao and the first-class public. He strategized and galloped on the battlefield. He cooperated with various armies to quell the chaos in Tibet, led the Qing army to quell the Tibetan Tenzin in Luobu, Qinghai, and made great achievements.
In the second year of Yongzheng (1724), he went to Beijing and got the special favor of Yong Zhengdi. However, in the following year1February, the situation suddenly changed, and Yong Zhengdi cut the official position and seized the title, listed 92 major crimes and ordered himself to commit suicide.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Fan Wencheng
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hong Chengchou
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wu Sangui
Baidu Encyclopedia-Shangkexi
Baidu Encyclopedia-Nian Gengyao