Shen Congwen (190265438+February 28th-1988May 10), male, formerly known as Shen Yuehuan, whose real name is Maolin, pen name is Chongwen, pen name is Xiu, Shangguan Bi, Xuan Ruo, etc., from Fenghuang, Hunan, a famous writer and writer in China.

14 years old, joined the team and roamed the Hunan-Sichuan-Guizhou border region. From 65438 to 0924, he began to create literature, and wrote and published novels such as Long River and Border Town. 193 1- 1933 taught at Qingdao university. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to teach at the National The National SouthWest Associated University, and 1946 returned to teach at Peking University. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked in the Museum of Chinese History and the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences, mainly engaged in the study of China's ancient history and cultural relics, and wrote The Study of Chinese Ancient Costume. 1May 1988 10 died in Beijing at the age of 86.

Character relationship

Grandpa? Shen Hongfu

Student? Wang Zengqi

Cousin? huang yongyu

Cousin? Huang Yonghou

Major achievements

Is one of the modern writers with the most books?

One of the most outstanding writers in China in the 20th century?

Famous cultural history expert

representative works

Border Town, China silk patterns, Tang and Song bronze mirrors, dragon and phoenix art, etc.

pen name

Chen Jia, Shangguan Bi, Xuan Ruo

190265438+On February 28th, Shen Congwen was born in Fenghuang County, Hunan Province.

19 17 Participated in the First Guerrilla Detachment of the Second Army of Guo Jing Allied Forces in Xiangxi, and was stationed in Chenzhou (Yuanling). 19 18 after graduating from primary school in his hometown, he moved to the border region of Hunan, Sichuan and Guizhou and the Yuanshui River basin with local indigenous troops, and then officially joined the army.

Please click to enter a picture description.

Shen Congwen as a teenager

1922, Shen Congwen took off his military uniform and came to Beijing. He is eager to go to college, but he has only received primary education and no financial resources, so he works as an auditor in Peking University.

1923 to Beijing. I applied for Chinese class in yenching university, but I was not admitted. Audited at Peking University.

From 65438 to 0924, his works were published in Morning Post, Yusi, Morning Post Supplement and Modern Review. ?

Beijing to Shanghai 1928. Organize Red and Black magazine and publishing house with Hu Yepin and Ding Ling.

From 65438 to 0929, she went to China College in Wusong and fell in love with Zhang Zhaohe, a female student.

After 1930, he went to teach at National Qingdao University (the predecessor of National Shandong University). Before the Anti-Japanese War, more than 20 collections of works were published, including Zhou Shi, Tiger Baby, Little Scene under the Moon and Eight Horses.

193 1 year accompanied ding ling to rescue Hu yipin and escorted ding ling and his son back to Hunan. 193 1 to 1933 as a lecturer in the College of Literature, National Shandong University; 1933 On September 9th, she married Zhang Zhaohe. On the 23rd of the same month, he co-edited Ta Kung Pao Literary Supplement with Yang Zhensheng.

Border Town, completed in 1934, is a representative of this kind of "pastoral" novels and a peak of Shen Congwen's novel creation.

Please click to enter a picture description.

1in the spring of 938, he went to Kunming with Yang Zhensheng to continue compiling Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. 165438+ 10, professor of Chinese Department in The National SouthWest Associated University.

1948 began to be severely criticized by the left-wing cultural circles. In the same year, the focus of work began to shift to cultural relics research. 1949, engaged in cultural relics research for a long time. After the founding of New China, Shen Congwen worked in the Museum of Chinese History and the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences, mainly engaged in the study of ancient Chinese costumes. 1950 committed suicide because of unbearable political pressure and was rescued.

1960 published articles such as "Dragon and Phoenix Art". 1969 went to work in May 7th Cadre School in Xianning, Hubei. 1978 transferred to the Institute of History of China Academy of Social Sciences as a researcher. 198 1 year published the monograph "research on ancient Chinese costumes", which lasted 15 years.

After liberation, Shen Congwen engaged in archaeological research on textiles and clothing in China. 1983 hospitalized with sudden cerebral thrombosis. 1984 is seriously ill. After the rescue, it is even more inconvenient to speak and act. 1may 1988 10 in the afternoon, he died of a heart attack at the age of 86.

Marriage and family

1930 in July, Zhang Zhaohe met Shen Congwen for the first time in Hu Shi's office. When they first met, President Hu praised Shen Congwen as a genius and the most promising novelist in China. Zhang Zhaohe doesn't think so. Shen Congwen's love for Zhang Zhaohe came silently, but it was out of control. He wrote her one love letter after another to express his inner admiration. In a letter dated June 193 1, he made it his duty to be a slave of Zhang Zhaohe. He said that most people are willing to be slaves at the king's feet, but he just wants to be a slave in Zhang Zhaohe. Zhang Zhaohe was finally moved and got married in Beijing Central Park on September 9th. 1933. ?

Shortly after the wedding, Shen Congwen returned to his hometown of Phoenix to visit because his mother was critically ill. In his cabin, he wrote to Zhang Zhaohe in Peiping, saying, "When I leave Peiping, I plan to spend half a day writing letters and articles. But when I get to this ship, I just want to write to you, and I can't do anything else. " .

In the 1950s and 1960s, all previous political movements dealt blows to Shen Congwen, which made him fall into ecstasy. He kept chanting "Go back to Xiangxi, I want to go back to Xiangxi". Zhang Zhaohe silently faced this situation, tears could not help rolling down. Later, with his wife's careful care and medication, Shen Congwen gradually recovered, and he and his wife lived a hard and poor life.

Anecdotes of characters

Children's interesting stories

19 15 years, Shen Congwen entered the second junior middle school in Fenghuang County from a private school, and transferred to Wenchangge Primary School six months later. Because Shen Congwen is lively and loves to play, he often plays truant and goes to the streets to watch puppet shows, so his schoolbag is hidden in the land temple. On one occasion, he put his schoolbag in the earth temple and watched the play all day. After watching the play, the other children had gone home from school. He went back to the Earth Temple to get his schoolbag, only to find that it was gone. The next day, he crustily skin of head went to school as usual, and just walked under a nanmu tree on campus, he met his class teacher, Mr. Mao. Teacher Mao punished Shen Congwen for kneeling under the nanmu tree and asked him loudly where he went yesterday. Shen Congwen replied, "I went to the theatre." Teacher Mao saw that Shen Congwen was so arrogant in playing truant, so he severely criticized: "Diligence is meritorious, drama is useless, trees like to grow up, but you like to be a dwarf under the tree. It's disappointing!" After being patiently persuaded and taught by Teacher Mao, Shen Congwen became brave after knowing his shame, changed his old stubborn temper and studied hard, and his grades improved rapidly.

The first lecture

On the day of Shen Congwen's first lecture, he stood for 10 minutes because of nervousness. I finally spoke, and the hurried 10 minutes were all over. Embarrassed and helpless, he wrote on the blackboard: "This is my first class, and I was scared to see so many of you." After class, the students' opinions reached Hu Shier, president of Peking University. Hu Shier said with a smile: "You can't talk in class, and students won't bombard him. This is success. "

extramarital love

The encounter and acquaintance between Shen Congwen and Gao Yunxiu (pen name Gao) is very dramatic. At that time, Gao was a tutor in Xiong Xiling. Shen Congwen went to Xiong Xiling's villa in Xiangshan on business. Gao is a guest when the host is away. The two sides talked and left a very good impression. A month later, when they met again, Shen Congwen found that Gao's clothes were intended to imitate her heroine in Old Four, and they began to have more contacts. Since then, during the Anti-Japanese War, the two have been in Kunming, and they have had more exchange opportunities. Shen Congwen's controversial work Wang Hong Lu may be related to this emotion. But in the end, the relationship between the two did not last long. Gao is like a meteor in Shen Congwen's life sky. ?

write

1982 In May, Shen Congwen and his wife, Ms. Zhang, traveled to Zhangjiajie. The day before, he saw Jin Bianxi at the foot of the mountain, and the next day, he went up the mountain. Because his legs and feet were inconvenient, his wife and accompanying people went, and he stayed in the hotel. The comrades of Zhangjiajie management office brought paper and pen to find his inscription, and he agreed. The manager wanted to accompany him, but he refused. The comrades in the management office are uneasy at the thought of leaving him alone in the room, for fear of inconvenience. Shen Congwen said: "As for the body, I just checked it. No problem. Don't worry. " After playing for a long time, when my wife and the accompanying people returned to the hotel, they saw that Shen Congwen had written many paintings, such as Zhangjiajie, Golden Whip Rock and Zhanjuan. By this time, he was already tired. When he met his wife, he said that he was really tired of writing today. Seeing a pile of inscriptions, the comrades in the management office were a little embarrassed. For people who want to write a book and ask him to write the title, he often writes a few pictures and sends them to others for them to choose from. Shen Congwen never pays attention to pen and ink in his writing. 198 1, he said in a letter to the writer Peng Jingfeng that the pen used, the pen used for calligraphy in primary and secondary schools is only worth 13 cents, and the paper used for pasting Korean paper is only 15 cents. Ink is ink with water added after precipitation, so it is disgraceful, so it should be called dead ink. It seems that all book experts know that it is a layman. He is often dissatisfied with his works. ?

Personal work

Collection of novels

the soul of honour

oranges and tangerines

There are others after the rain.

Wizard's love

bright red

Hotels and others

Flat bottom pry

Tiger cub

A brief history of Ahei

Xiao Jing under the moon

Bamatu

Ruyugi

Selected novels of Shen Congwen

Xueqing

New and old

housewife

Spring lantern series

Dark Phoenix series

Alice China's Travel Notes

Border towns

endless flow

Street? Rustle? Sansan prose

Remember Hu Yepin?

Autobiography from the text

Remember Ding Ling?

Xiangxing San Ji

Xiangxi

Save the bottom of spam

Lack of candles

Watch the party in Yunnan

Selected essays of Shen Congwen

Academic work "I don't know why I suddenly like you"

Appreciate jade articles, bronze mirrors in Tang and Song Dynasties, dragon and phoenix art, lacquerware in the Warring States period, and research on ancient Chinese costumes.

Related biographies

Shen Congwen's autobiography

Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House

calligraphy

Mr. Shen has always loved calligraphy and is quite famous in the circle, but he has never regarded calligraphy as a fun thing for himself, and he has never thought about selling words for profit. Only once, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, I helped a poet, Ke Yuan.

Please click to enter a picture description.

Shen Congwen's Calligraphy

Style of works

Creative style

Shen Congwen's writing style tends to be romantic, and he demands the poetic effect of novels, the integration of realism, dreams and symbols, and the simple language style.

Please click to enter a picture description.

Shen Congwen and His Works

? The sentence pattern is simple and steep, with prominent trunk, simple and heavy, concise and vivid, with strong local color, which highlights the unique charm and spirit of rural humanity. Shen Congwen's rural novels are typical rural cultural novels, which not only contrast with the "modern civilization" of the city as a whole, but also always pay attention to the lifestyle, life footprint and historical destiny of rural people stipulated by the collision of different cultures in the modern transformation process of Xiangxi world. The whole work is full of hidden worries and philosophical thinking about life, just like his real and tenacious life, which gives people lessons and enlightenment. Shen Congwen is the main executor and thinker of the rural world with special significance. He believes that "beauty lies in life". Although I am in a hypocritical, selfish and indifferent city, I am obsessed with the beauty of human nature. He said: "There may be people who build castles in Shaji or on the water, but that's not me. I just want to build a small Greek temple. Choose a small piece of land as the foundation and pile it up with hard stones. Exquisite, firm and symmetrical, small but not slender, it is my ideal building, and this hall is dedicated to "humanity" (preface to Selected Works).

Creative theme

There are two main types of novels created by Shen Congwen. One is about life in western Hunan, and the other is about city life. The former praises the beauty of human nature by describing the primitive and natural life form of Xiangxi people. The latter reveals the loss of urban natural humanity through the corruption of urban life. ? The rural world in his works shows the overall pattern of opposition and mutual participation with the urban society, while the "distortion of human nature" of the upper class under the urban theme is exposed under the candlelight of the ideal of "harmony between man and nature". It is his unique value scale and philosophical speculation on connotation that constitute the bridge between urban life and rural world under Shen Congwen's pen, and it is precisely because of this criticism of "modern literature" with money as the core and his romantic ideal.

Personality assessment

Shen Congwen's life is bumpy and dedicated. Literary work "Border Town"

Please click to enter a picture description.

Mr. Shen Congwen is in Beijing (1983)

? Xiangxi and Congwen Autobiography have great influence at home and abroad. His works have been translated and published by more than 40 countries such as Japan, the United States, Britain and the former Soviet Union, and have been selected into university textbooks by the United States, Japan, South Korea, Britain and other countries or regions 10, and twice nominated as Nobel Prize in Literature candidates. Shen Congwen is not only a writer, but also a historian and archaeologist. ? Mr. Wang wrote five million words in his life, including Border Town, Long River and Autobiography of Congwen. In his later years, the monograph "Research on Ancient Chinese Costume" filled a blank in the history of China's material culture. ?

Commemorate future generations

Former?Residence?

On 199 1, Shen Congwen's former residence was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit by the Hunan Provincial People's Government, and it was repaired with funds. The former residence now displays Shen Lao's ink, manuscripts, relics and portraits, which has become one of the most attractive cultural landscapes in Phoenix, with an endless stream of tourists.

graveyard

People in his hometown respect him very much. The county party committee and government negotiated with their families and decided to bury Shen Congwen's ashes at the foot of Tingtao Mountain. Shenyang offered to pay for the burial.

Please click to enter a picture description.

Shen Congwen cemetery

Shen Congwen's tombstone, made of natural colored stones, looks like a cloud, with a height of 2.8 meters, a width of 1.9 meters, a thickness of 0.9 meters and a weight of about 6 tons. On the front of the stone tablet, there is a collection of its handwriting, which reads: "According to my thoughts, understand me; According to my thinking, I can know people. " On the back, I wrote a joint letter for Shen Congwen's sister Zhang Chonghe, saying, "Never follow, the stars contend; I am also kind and generous, and I am a child. "Carved by Professor Liu Huanzhang, a famous sculptor of the Central Academy of Fine Arts.

Mr. Wang is famous for his water, diligence, frugality, modesty, generosity and self-improvement all his life. Mr. Wang loves his motherland and his hometown, and always cares about the safety of the country, the prosperity of his hometown, the suffering of the people and the warmth of the people. He is a model for the younger generation to learn and a special cemetery to show his eternal memory. ? -Fenghuang County People's Government was established in Qingming 1992.

memorial hall

Shen Congwen Memorial Hall is located in Jishou University, Xiangxi, Hunan, adjacent to Huang Yongyu Art Museum, and officially opened on February 28th, 20th12. At the opening ceremony, relevant units such as Jiangxi, where Shen Congwen was born, and Beiyue Literature and Art Publishing House, where he worked in Shandong, donated Shen Congwen's complete works, cultural relics and paintings and calligraphy works to the memorial hall respectively. Subsequently, Mr. Shen Congwen's academic seminar was held in the memorial hall. The heads of the Propaganda Department of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, Hunan Writers Association, relevant domestic universities, research institutions and major central news organizations attended the opening ceremony.