Attribution research has four development trends: first, from narrow sense to broad sense; Second, attribution reasoning has changed from "vague content" to "specific content"; Thirdly, all kinds of "mistakes and deviations" in the process are attributed from the normative model; The fourth is from the process of rules or algorithms. At present, there are three main lines in attribution research: including the revival of ANO-VA model, the influence of language on attribution and the relationship between information processing and attribution. On this basis, the most important contribution of social cognition to the attribution field is that it promotes the integration of theories. Driven by social cognition, attribution will become a broader theoretical framework to explain how people perceive the external environment or build a mental model of the world. [

The child is doing well in all aspects. They are very attentive when watching cartoons and playing games. Their ability to play games is many times better than you don't know. They are keen to participate in various family activities, but when they are faced with books, they become dull. Sitting all night, I couldn't write a few words. Lack of concentration, wrong questions, no interest in learning at all. Enrolling in many remedial classes has little effect, and even makes you more tired of learning. What's going on here? Faced with the increasingly fierce competition for further studies, parents are very nervous and anxious.

Such children are generally physically and mentally healthy and have normal intelligence, but their academic performance is lower than the expected IQ standard. They may not perform well in one or more subjects, and some even rank at the bottom of the class. Such children often experience a strong sense of inferiority and frustration in their studies. Teachers' criticism at school, students' comparison, parents' worries and worries at home, and make up lessons arranged during holidays all make it difficult for children. If it is serious, it may lead to depression, anxiety and other negative emotions, and even lead to conduct disorder and anti-social behavior.

Students with learning disabilities usually think that their academic failure is due to their lack of ability.

If such a child fails the exam many times, it is easy to form such a way of attribution: I have insufficient learning ability and poor IQ, which is not an internal and stable reason such as learning materials. I think that this is my life, and there is no way to change it, or even a broken jar. However, in the face of the success of the exam, I think it is only an accidental event, as well as external and uncontrollable factors such as the simple questions of this exam. Moreover, this negative attribution method is often automatically processed without children realizing it. In other words, I thought that after failing the exam, the child was learned helplessness, and the attribution of his exam results was automatic and completely out of the control of the child.

So what can we do as parents and educators? Find a tutor for your child? Participate in various remedial classes? On the premise of children's attribution, the more remedial classes, the greater the pressure, which has no effect on the improvement of academic performance. So what should we do? You can try attribution training.

Attribution is people's explanation of their own or others' behavior. Attribution will cause changes in emotions and expectations, and will also affect the motivation and behavior of behavior. Weiner's attribution theory holds that people can attribute the causes to three dimensions: internal/external, stable/unstable, controllable/uncontrollable. For example, if the failure in the exam is attributed to bad luck, it is an external, unstable and uncontrollable attribution, and if the failure in the exam is attributed to the teacher's simple question, it is an external, stable and uncontrollable attribution. Because the difficulty of the teacher's question is beyond our control. If you attribute passing the exam to your learning ability, it is an inherent, stable and uncontrollable attribution, because your ability is beyond your control. However, it is an internal, unstable and controllable attribution if you attribute your success to your own efforts. So we can change ourselves by working hard. Generally, when praising a child's behavior, it is more about what he achieved through hard work than because of his intelligence and ability.