From 1949 to 1956, it is a history that China led the people of the whole country to completely complete the new-democratic revolution, achieve a decisive victory in socialist transformation, and realize the transition from a new-democratic society to a socialist society. It is also the history of consolidating the people's democratic regime and establishing the socialist system. This period lasted for seven years and can be divided into two stages: the first three years, mainly the reunification of the motherland and the mainland. We consolidated political power, confiscated bureaucratic capital, restored the national economy, waged the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, carried out land reform, suppressed counter-revolutionary movements, and continued to accomplish the new-democratic revolutionary task of opposing imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism. The struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie in New China has also begun, focusing on the "three evils" and "five evils" movements. In the past four years, the general line for the transition period was put forward by China. China began to implement the first five-year plan to develop the national economy, and carried out socialist transformation of agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist industry and commerce. By 1956, the main objectives of the first five-year plan were completed ahead of schedule, the task of socialist transformation was basically completed, socialist public ownership with national ownership and collective ownership as the main forms was basically established, and China entered the primary stage of socialism.

(2) the period of building socialism in an all-round way (1956- 1966)

From 1956 to 1966, China led the people of China to carry out all-round socialist construction. The Party has made arduous explorations to find a socialist construction road suitable for China's national conditions, and the cause of socialist construction is advancing in twists and turns. On the one hand, the guiding principles of the party and the state were basically correct for most of this period, and great achievements were made in socialist construction. This is the dominant aspect. On the other hand, the "Left" deviation since 1957 was serious, and then it gradually developed, which affected the exertion of socialist superiority and laid the foundation for the wrong launch of the "Cultural Revolution". The history of this period has three characteristics: first, it is exploratory; Second, twists and turns; Third, development; And China's industry.

It has a far-reaching influence and makes people think grandiose and ambitious. More importantly, the people changed from active labor to class struggle, which laid the foundation for the Cultural Revolution.